scholarly journals Can Occupational Therapy Address the Occupational Implications of Hoarding?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Cathy Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Occupational Choice ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions ◽  
Daily Occupation

Hoarding is often described as a medical disorder, defined by a persistent difficulty in discarding possessions and associated high levels of emotional distress when forced to part with these. This article will discuss how having a different view of hoarding, seeing hoarding as a daily occupation which provides value, purpose, and meaning and with a relationship to self-identity and life purpose, could offer alternate interventions to support an individual who hoards. The article will consider the components of hoarding activity and how these relate to health and wellbeing and doing, being, belonging, and becoming as understood by occupational therapists. The article will consider what occupational therapy, a profession which considers a person’s daily occupations, the things that occupy their time and which give meaning to their existence, could offer as an alternative to current hoarding interventions. Proposals for occupational therapy interventions will be suggested which would support occupational choice, support engagement in activities which have more positive outcomes on a person’s health, and seek to address barriers which limit engagement and occupational performance in activities within the person’s home environment.

Limitations in Activities of Daily Living Among Spanish Women Diagnosed With Endometriosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Lozano-Lozano ◽  
Antonio Mundo-López ◽  
Ainhoa P. San-Sebastian ◽  
Noelia Galiano-Castillo ◽  
Carolina Fernandez-Lao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Importance: Understanding the impact of endometriosis symptoms on patients’ activities of daily living (ADLs) is a priority to establish effective and personalized intervention programs. Objective: To explore limitations in ADLs and instrumental ADLs (IADLs) and their association with pelvic pain (PP), chronic fatigue, and pain-catastrophizing thoughts among women with endometriosis. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Spain. Participants: Two hundred thirty women with endometriosis. Outcomes and Measures: Information regarding performance of ADLs (Barthel Index) and IADLs (Lawton–Brody questionnaire), PP intensity (Numeric Rating Scale), chronic fatigue (Piper Fatigue Scale), and pain-catastrophizing thoughts (Pain Catastrophizing Scale) was gathered. Multivariate regression analyses were created, and mediating effects of fatigue and pain-catastrophizing thoughts on the association between PP and ADL and IADL limitations were assessed. Results: The prevalence of limitations in at least one ADL and one IADL was 22.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] [17.2, 28.1]) and 39.1% (95% CI [32.8, 45.5]), respectively. Limitations in bowel continence, housework, shopping, and meal preparation were reported most frequently. Women reporting severe PP showed higher risk for ADL (odds ratio [OR] = 3.33, 95% CI [1.10, 10.10]) and IADL (OR = 7.99, 95% CI [2.86, 22.34]) limitations. Chronic fatigue and pain-catastrophizing thoughts were also positively related to ADL–IADL limitations, showing a mediating effect on the association between PP and ADL–IADL limitations. Conclusions and Relevance: This study reveals the widespread presence of difficulties in ADL–IADL performance among women with endometriosis, with some symptoms underlying these difficulties in occupational performance. This study points to the need for cost-effective occupational therapy interventions for affected women. What This Article Adds: This research shows that the occupational performance of women with endometriosis is frequently impaired; therefore, the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions should be addressed in the near future.

Barriers and facilitators of participation in intervention research by mental health occupational therapists

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 568-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Birken ◽  
Elyse Couch ◽  
Mary Morley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Intervention Research ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

Statement of context Occupational therapists in clinical practice are required to deliver interventions within clinical trials to demonstrate the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions. Challenges to participation in intervention research by occupational therapists working in community mental health have been identified and require further investigation. Critical reflection on practice A cross-sectional online survey of occupational therapists working in mental health was used, and obtained a 50% ( n = 144) response rate. Limited time, large generic caseloads, and lack of skills and experience in research were identified barriers to participation in occupational therapy intervention research. Occupational therapists had limited dedicated time to carry out occupational therapy interventions and outcome measurement was limited. Implications for practice Occupational therapy roles need to be regained in adult community mental health alongside routine outcome measurement. This will enable occupational therapy interventions to contribute to community mental health services and support participation in clinical trials of occupational therapy interventions.

Theory and Practice in the Occupational Therapy Guidelines for Client-Centred Practice

1994 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 250-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ann McColl ◽  
Tina Pranger
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Therapy Guidelines ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Model Of Practice

A model for occupational therapy has evolved and has come to be referred to as the “Guidelines” model or the Canadian Occupational Performance model. This paper attempts to reformulate information relating to the Guidelines model, to support its use as a conceptual model and a model of practice. Both the conceptual model and model of practice are described in terms of their domain of concern, underlying values and assumptions, concepts and principles. The conceptual model provides a means of understanding occupational performance, while the model of practice offers a way of understanding the relationship between occupational therapy interventions and occupational performance. Both models are evaluated relative to nine criteria derived from the literature. The conceptual model is found to be largely consistent, supportable, comprehensive and useful. The model of practice, however, proves more problematic, with technical, structural and conceptual variances. The paper is intended as a stimulus for discussion and study of this central model of Canadian occupational therapy.

scholarly journals Modern Approaches to Occupational Therapy of Children with Authistic Spectric Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
M. V. Vitomska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Maladaptive Behavior ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

The purpose of the study is to determine the current provisions on occupational therapy interventions for children with ASD, features of their practical implementation and effectiveness based on the analysis of research data. Materials and methods. This work is the result of the analysis of scientific and methodological developments on the practical implementation of occupational therapy interventions in terms of timing and scope, complexity and role of the family; comparison of research results, which are devoted to the study of the effectiveness of behavioral therapy and SI, as the main interventions of occupational therapists. Results. Early rehabilitation of a child with ASD contributes to the formation of the necessary skills in everyday life and communication. To date, the largest evidence base has been accumulated by intervention programs, which are based on the principles of improving parent-child relations and are aimed at developing social and communication skills. Occupational therapy in ASD is aimed at overcoming motor anxiety, disorders of large and fine motor skills, coordination of movements and ability to learn, speech. SI-based occupational therapy is used to improve the processing of sensory information, improve the efficiency of "registration" and modulation of the senses, as well as help in the formation of simple adaptive responses. The effectiveness of sensory and motor interventions is manifested in positive changes in the social interaction of children, purposeful play and normalization of sensitivity. Sensory interventions of occupational therapists can reduce maladaptive behavior, hyperactivity, as well as inhibit self-stimulation, stereotyped movements and improve attention. Researchers recommend that occupational therapists combine sensory interventions with functional tasks that help the child's practice in achieving the goal of the activity. Conclusions. There is a large number of approaches and techniques used in occupational therapy for children with ASD. Given the lack of evidence to determine the most effective of them, it should be noted that additional research is needed to address this issue

Occupational therapy interventions in mental health: a scoping review of recent evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Schultz Petersen ◽  
Siv Therese Bogevik Bjørkedal ◽  
Anne Marie Torsting ◽  
Lene Falgaard Eplov
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Supported Employment ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

Background/AimsStudies investigating the effect of occupational therapy in mental health are few. This scoping review aims to identify, present and assess studies that have investigated the effect of occupation- and activity-based/focused interventions performed by occupational therapists in mental health.MethodsThe scoping review involved searching six databases, covering articles from 2003 to 2018. ‘The Matrix Method’ was used to describe and synthesise the content of the included studies. The Oxford Level of Evidence was used to rank the evidence, and The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme was used to assess the quality of the study.ResultsA total of 21 original studies and 4 systematic reviews were included in this review. Interventions, approaches, programmes, training, and activities such as cooking, artwork, crafts, pottery, sports, calligraphy, horticulture, and music, organised individually or in groups, were investigated in the included studies. Individualised occupational therapy showed clinically significant improvements in social functioning and cognition, promising results were found on supported employment and education.ConclusionsFew high-quality studies that have investigated the effect of occupation-and activity-based/focused interventions performed by occupational therapists in mental health were found. This scoping review highlights the importance of future high quality studies to support evidence-based practice within mental health occupational therapy.

‘Verbal Strategies’ Used by Occupational Therapists in Direct Client Encounters

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Allison ◽  
Jenny Strong
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Verbal Interaction ◽  
Communication Accommodation ◽  
Communicative Efficiency ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions ◽  
Verbal Strategies

Verbal interaction with clients is a major component of most occupational therapy interventions, yet there is a paucity of occupational therapy literature which has examined the ways therapists use verbal communication in practice. Communication accommodation is a verbal stance in which the speaker appropriately attunes his or her interaction in response to another person in order to enhance relationships and increase communicative efficiency. In this qualitative study the awareness of a group of occupational therapists regarding the use of communication accommodation was examined. Methods by which they determined the need to accommodate their speech and specific accommodation strategies they used in verbal interaction with clients were recorded.

scholarly journals Occupational therapy interventions in child and adolescent mental health to increase participation: A mixed methods systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 030802262110087
Author(s):  
Rob Brooks ◽  
Katrina Bannigan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions

Introduction Mental health disorders and low levels of mental well-being can have a lasting effect on life satisfaction and contribution to society for children and adolescents, yet the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions is unknown. Methods A mixed methods systematic review was conducted including studies with children and adolescents aged 5–16 years, who had mental health difficulties, that evaluated occupational therapy interventions and focused on participation in everyday occupations as an outcome. Results The nine included studies were generally very low quality. The results could not be pooled due to heterogeneity. For children with Asperger’s syndrome, the Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance intervention had clinically significant improvements on occupational performance and social skills. For children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, the Ultimate Guide to Play, Language and Friendship intervention improved playfulness and the Cognitive–Functional intervention had a statistically significant improvement on occupational performance and behaviour. Conclusion One intervention used by occupational therapists with children with Asperger’s syndrome and two interventions used with children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder had some evidence of effect. No evidence was identified for the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions for children and adolescents with other common mental health conditions.

Occupational therapy and posttraumatic stress disorder: A scoping review

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M. Edgelow ◽  
Megan M. MacPherson ◽  
Faye Arnaly ◽  
Linna Tam-Seto ◽  
Heidi A. Cramm
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Background. People who are diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can experience disruptions in their daily occupations. Occupational therapists may assist clients with PTSD to reengage in meaningful occupations. Purpose. This scoping review aims to identify and describe the ways occupational therapy addresses PTSD in clinical practice. Method. Scholarly databases were searched for documents relating to occupational therapy and PTSD. Two reviewers independently applied selection criteria and systematically extracted information. Data were extracted and synthesized in a narrative format. Findings. Fifty sources met inclusion criteria and three major themes were identified: recognizing trauma within specific populations, PTSD’s impact on a range of occupations, and occupational therapy’s response to PTSD. Implications. Occupational therapists are working in multidisciplinary teams to reduce the impact of PTSD on the daily occupations of their clients. More effectiveness studies are required to understand the outcomes of occupational therapy interventions for clients with PTSD.

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