scholarly journals Transfer Mechanism of Lanthanum from Rare Earth Containing Iron Ore to Pig Iron during the Blast Furnace Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Wei Qu ◽  
Huiping Ren ◽  
Zili Jin ◽  
Fang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Blast Furnace Process ◽  
Graphite Phase ◽  
Furnace Process ◽  
Porous Graphite ◽  
Bayan Obo

Some iron ores are enriched with lanthanum element, for example, the Bayan Obo iron ore in China. The pig iron which used the Bayan Obo iron ore as the raw material was obtained from the blast furnace of Baotou Steel in order to research the transfer mechanisms of lanthanum from rare earth containing iron ore to pig iron during the blast furnace process. The thermodynamic process was calculated using the molecular-ion coexistence model. The slag-metal reactions of the hearth were carried out in the tube furnace. The morphology and phase structure in the pig iron were observed by SEM and XRD. The rule of lanthanum transfer was analyzed by physical and chemical analyses using ICP-MS. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used for analyzing the vibrations of functional groups. The results indicate that the La2O3 in the slag was reduced to LaC2 by carbon and then the LaC2 dissolved into the molten iron to form La. At last, coke which has the oxygen-containing functional groups (C-OH, C=O, and C-O-C) has capacity to absorb lanthanum that is dissolved in the molten iron during the blast furnace iron-making process, and increasing the lanthanum content in the slag leads to higher lanthanum concentration in the porous graphite phase of the pig iron. The coke is graphitized during the process and could remain in the pig iron as porous graphite phase which acts as the carrier of lanthanum.

Reduction of Composite Pellet Containing Indonesia Lateritic Iron Ore as Raw Material for Producing TWDI

2013 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 490-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adji Kawigraha ◽  
Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono ◽  
Sri Harjanto ◽  
Pramusanto
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Blast Furnace Process ◽  
Composite Pellet ◽  
Furnace Process ◽  
Iron Phase ◽  
Reductive Atmosphere ◽  
Reduced Pellets

Blast furnace process is still an important process for producing pig iron. The process needs high grade iron ore and coke. The two materials can not be found easily. In addition blast furnace process needs cooking and sintering plant that produces polluted gases. Utilization of composite pellet for pig iron production can simplify process. The pellet is made of iron ore and coal. In addition the pellet can be made from other iron source and coal. This paper discusses the evolution of phase during reduction of composite pellet containing lateritic iron ore. Fresh iron ore and coal were ground to 140 mesh separately. They were mixed and pelletized. The quantity of coal added was varied from 0 %, 20 % and 29 % of pellet weight. Pellets were heated with 10 °C/minute to 1100 °C, 1200 °C, 1300 °C and 1350 °C in a tube furnace and temperature was held during 10 minutes. Heated pellets were analyzed with XRD equipment. XRD of reduced pellets showed that iron phase change with coal and temperature. Lack of coal during heating results the re-oxidation of iron phases. This process is due to replacement of reductive atmosphere by oxidative atmosphere.

Energy Analysis of CO2 Removal in a CHP Plant Fired With Corex Export Gas

Volume 1 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Lampert ◽  
Andrzej Ziebik ◽  
Giampaolo Manfrida
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Blast Furnace Process ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Furnace Process ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Physical Absorption

The Corex process is a more environmental-friendly method of pig iron production than the blast-furnace process. Additionally, this technology is accompanied by production of a fuel gas with a LHV twice as high as blast-furnace gas. Corex gas may be a useful fuel in a metallurgical CHP plant including a combined gas-and-steam cycle. The utilization of Corex gas contributes also to a decrease of CO2 emissions, which is an advantage from the viewpoint of the greenhouse effect. Moreover removing CO2 from the gas before its consumption can allow a further reduction of greenhouse issues. The paper considers the application of two methods of CO2 removal, namely “physical absorption (Selexol solvent)” and “cryogenic gas separation”. The effect of CO2 removal on the operation of CHP plants has been investigated. The removal of CO2 affects first of all the quality of fuel gas in comparison with the raw Corex gas. However, the CO2-removal installation is characterized by a considerable power consumption. Thus the net power and the efficiency of the CHP plant are reduced. Comparing the two considered methods of CO2 removal the cryogenic separation method requires more input energy, but in some cases liquefied CO2 may be an attractive agent. The paper contains the results of a quantitative analysis of the application of these two CO2-removal methods in the Corex technology and their effect on the exploitation characteristics of CHP plants fired with Corex gas.

scholarly journals The Mini Blast Furnace Process: An Efficient Reactor for Green Pig Iron Production Using Charcoal and Hydrogen-Rich Gas: A Study of Cases

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1501
Author(s):  
Jose Adilson de Castro ◽  
Giulio Antunes de Medeiros ◽  
Elizabeth Mendes de Oliveira ◽  
Marcos Flavio de Campos ◽  
Hiroshi Nogami
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Blast Furnace Process ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Furnace Process ◽  
Operational Conditions

The mini blast furnace process is an efficient route to produce pig iron based on the burden with granulated charcoal. New, improved technologies have recently been introduced in the mini blast furnace process, such as pulverized charcoal and gas injections, new burden materials, and peripheral devices that improve the overall process efficiency. In this paper, we revise the new injection possibilities and discuss new aspects for further developments. The analysis is carried out with a comprehensive multiphase multicomponent mathematical model using mass, momentum, and energy conservation principles coupled with the rate equations for chemical reactions, multiphase momentum, and heat exchanges. We analyze new technological possibilities for the enhancement of this process as follows: (i) a base case of pulverized charcoal injection with industrial data comparison; (ii) a set of scenarios with raceway injections, combining pulverized charcoal with hydrogen-rich fuel gas, replacing granular charcoal in the burden; (iii) a set of scenarios with hydrogen-rich gas injection at the shaft level, replacing reducing gas in the granular zone of the reactor; and the possible combination of both methodologies. The simulated scenarios showed that a considerable decrease in granular charcoal consumption in the burden materials could be replaced by combining a pulverized charcoal injection of 150 kg/tHM and increasing rich gas injections and oxygen enrichment values, decreasing the specific blast injection and granular charcoal. The productivity of the mini blast furnace process was increased for all scenarios compared with the reference case. We review the aspects of these operational conditions and present an outlook for improvements on the process efficiency.

Reduction Kinetics of Iron Ore Materials by Gases

2009 ◽  
Vol 283-286 ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Dmitriev ◽  
Yu.A. Chesnokov
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Mass Exchange ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Furnace Operation ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Blast Furnace Process ◽  
Heat And Mass Exchange ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Furnace Process

The proposed balance logic-statistical model of the blast furnace process is based on the use of material and thermal balances along with calculations of heat- and mass exchange taking into account the non-uniformity of gas and burden distribution on the radius of the furnace and influence of the basic metallurgical characteristics of iron ore raw materials and coke on the indices of blast furnace operation. As a check of the applicability of the model, calculations on the most critical parameters of the blast furnace process – the smelting of ferromanganese and iron nickel with a graphical representation of heat- and mass exchange processes, dynamics of oxides reduction on the height and radius of the blast furnace have been carried out.

The Coke and Iron Ore Materials Kinetic Characteristics and Quantitative Indicators of Blast Furnace Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 87-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Dmitriev ◽  
Yu.A. Chesnokov ◽  
G.Yu. Arzhadeeva
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Blast Furnace Process ◽  
Blast Furnace Smelting ◽  
Furnace Process ◽  
General Energy ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Furnace Smelting

The most important problem at the blast furnace process developing is the great coke consumption decreasing at the minimization of the general energy costs. One of the most effective ways of iron-making technical progress is the iron ore materials and coke physicochemical properties improvement which allows to increase the iron productivity and decrease the specific coke rate without construction of new blast furnaces and concentrating mills. Some of the quality indicators of iron ore raw materials and coke and their influence on the main parameters of a blast furnace smelting are considered in the paper.

A Technical and Economic Analysis of Pig Iron Production

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 3291-3296
Author(s):  
Edyta Kardas
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Iron Production ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Blast Furnace Process ◽  
Furnace Process ◽  
Technical And Economic Analysis ◽  
Operation Parameters

Blast furnace work involves the flow of enormous volumes of raw materials. Modifications of the blast furmace operation parameters can bring about savings connected with materials consumption and also a reduction of production costs. The continuous technical-economic analysis of this process enables changes in the process to be observed by means of simple indexes. In this article, a technical-economic analysis of the blast furnace process is presented. It is based on the results of a Polish blast furnace with an overall capacity of 3200m3.

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