scholarly journals Cardiac Inotropic Effect of Long-Term Administration of Oral Thymoquinone

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Lubna Ibrahim Al Asoom ◽  
Mohammad Taha Al-Hariri
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peak Tension ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Myocardial Flow

Back Ground. Long-term administration of Nigella sativa showed cardiac hypertrophic and positive inotropic effects. Thymoquinone (TQ) is an active ingredient in Nigella sativa. Therefore, we aimed to test the cardiac effects of long-term TQ administration. Materials and Methods. Twenty adult Wistar rats weighing (150-250 g) were divided into two groups: control and TQ. A TQ-olive oil solution was administered orally to the TQ group (dose 10 mg/kg) for two months. An equivalent volume of olive oil was given to the control group. Langendorff isolated hearts were studied. Peak tension, time to peak tension, half relaxation time, and myocardial flow rate were determined. Heart and left ventricle weights and ratios were recorded. Results. The TQ group exhibited significantly higher peak tension than the control group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in time to peak tension, half relaxation time, and myocardial flow rate. Likewise, there were no signs of cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusions. Long-term administration of oral TQ induced a positive inotropic effect in the form of an increase in peak tension. TQ administration did not result in cardiac hypertrophy or an increased cardiac metabolic demand at the studied dose. TQ may be a promising inotropic agent.

The effect of different partitions of seaweed Sargassum plagyophylum on depression behavior in mice model of despair

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Mesripour ◽  
Neda Rabian ◽  
Afsaneh Yegdaneh
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Swimming Test

Abstract Background Seaweeds are a famous traditional food resource in some countries containing different types of secondary metabolites. These marine organisms have shown different biological activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hexane and methanol extracts of Sargassum plagyophylum on depression. Methods Sargassum plagyophylum was collected from Persian Gulf. The plant was extracted by maceration with methanol-ethyl acetate solvent. The extract was evaporated and partitioned by hexane and methanol solvents. The two partitions were administered i.p. to male mice either a single dose or for 7 days. Depression was evaluated by the forced swimming test (FST) which higher immobility time indicates depressive-like behavior. Results The immobility time during FST decreased significantly by all the doses of the hexane partitions (notably 40 mg/kg; 10 s ± 2 vs. 114 s ± 12 control group). However, only the lowest dose (20 mg/kg) of the methanol partition reduced immobility time during FST (23 s ± 8, p<0.001). Following the long term administration both of the partitions reduced the immobility time in FST (hexane 27 s ± 11, methanol 70 s ± 14, p<0.05 vs. control 140 s ± 14). Conclusion The hexane partition showed antidepressant effects not only by long-term administration but also by the single dose during FST. The 7 days therapy with methanol partition also induced antidepressant behavior, but only the lowest single dose reduced immobility in FST. The methanol partitions possibly have certain substance that interfered with behavior in the FST. Therefore, S. plagyophylum should be considered for further antidepressant studies.

Increased nitric oxide availability worsens the cardiac performance during early re-perfusion period in adult rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faten M.A. Diab ◽  
Mahmoud H. Ayobe ◽  
Mohamed F. Abdel-Salam ◽  
Mohammed F.S. Otman ◽  
Enas A. Abdel-Hady
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Langendorff Preparation ◽  
Perfusion Period ◽  
Myocardial Flow

Abstract Objectives Re-perfusion is the standard therapy for acute myocardial infarction, despite the associated pathologies that may contribute to irreversible myocardial injury. The present study aims to clarify the alterations in cardiac activities in response to experimental cardiac ischemic arrest followed by re-perfusion in isolated hearts perfused with nitric oxide (NO) donor, l-arginine, or NO inhibitor, Nω-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME), to shed light on the possible role of NO in the re-perfusion process. Methods Hearts isolated from adult Wistar rats were studied on Langendorff preparation under basal conditions and during 30 min re-perfusion following 30 min of total global ischemia. Rats were randomly divided into three groups; control and l-arginine or l-NAME infused heart groups. Cardiac tissue content of malondialdhyde, catalase and nitrite was also measured. Results Compared to the control group, both l-arginine and l-NAME infused hearts showed increased basal chronotropy and myocardial flow rate. Following ischemia and during the whole period of re-perfusion, the three groups demonstrated significant deterioration in the inotropic activity and compromised myocardial flow rate. l-arginine infused hearts revealed depressed inotropy and chronotropy, weak systolic and diastolic functions with compromised myocardial flow at early 5 min of re-perfusion, yet with significantly higher myocardial flow rate by the end of re-perfusion. Conclusions Reducing NO availability by l-NAME revealed mild impact on the ischemia re-perfusion induced contractile dysfunction, whereas excess NO worsens cardiac performance at the early re-perfusion period.

Comparison of isoproterenol and dobutamine in the induction of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis

Perfusion ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Anderson ◽  
D Moore ◽  
DF Larson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Atrial Size ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
And Function ◽  
Induce Heart Failure

Isoproterenol (Iso) was a clinical therapeutic that is now used as a research means for the induction of cardiac hypertrophy. Currently, dobutamine (Dob) has replaced Iso as the preferred inotropic β-adrenergic agent to wean patients from cardiopulmonary bypass and to sustain adequate cardiac function during the postoperative period. We sought to compare the cardiac structural and functional effects of long-term administration (7days) of Iso with Dob at a dose of 40μg/mouse/day in 12-week-old C57BL/6 female mice. Cardiac function was determined with transthoracic echo cardiography (ECHO) 24 hours after the last dose. Cardiac wet weights increased 33% and 24% in the Iso and Dob groups compared with controls ( p < 0.05). Dob and Iso significantly increased cardiac fibrosis and decreased cardiac function with chronic administration. Administration also resulted in increased left atrial size, suggesting that both Dob and Iso decreased LV compliance, but did not induce heart failure. In conclusion, chronic administration of Dob may have a detrimental effect on cardiac structure and function.

Role of the renin-angiotensin system in the development of thyroxine-induced hypertension

1997 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 656-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cipriano Garcia del Rio ◽  
María Rosario R Moreno ◽  
Antonio Osuna ◽  
Juan de Dios Luna ◽  
Joaquín García-Estañ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

Abstract Objective: We evaluated the influence of chronic blockade of the renin-angiotensin system on hypertension induced by long-term thyroxine (T4) administration. To this end, we determined the effects of chronic treatment with captopril on blood pressure, cardiac hypertrophy and other renal and metabolic variables of hypertensive hyperthyroid rats. Methods: T4 was administered s.c. at 0·38 μmol/kg per day and captopril was given in the drinking water (1·38 mmol/l). Both treatments were maintained for 6 weeks. Control rats received tap water. After the treatment period, the rats were placed in metabolic cages. Later, blood pressure was measured in conscious rats by intra-arterial determination. Results: T4-treated rats showed an increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) whereas, in rats treated with T4 plus captopril, MAP was similar to that of the control group. Captopril did not affect the increased heart rate or ventricular weight/body weight ratio of hyperthyroid rats, but it improved the reduced creatinine clearance of these animals. Conclusions: The elevation in blood pressure produced by long-term T4 administration was prevented by chronic blockade of the renin-angiotensin system. Captopril improved the renal function of hyperthyroid rats, but did not affect the relative cardiac hypertrophy of these animals. European Journal of Endocrinology 136 656–660

scholarly journals The Effect of Apigenin on Pharmacokinetics of Imatinib and Its Metabolite N-Desmethyl Imatinib in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-yun Liu ◽  
Tao Xu ◽  
Wan-shu Li ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
Pei-wu Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of apigenin on the pharmacokinetics of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. Healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: A group (the control group), B group (the long-term administration of 165 mg/kg apigenin for 15 days), C group (a single dose of 165 mg/kg apigenin), and D group (a single dose of 252 mg/kg apigenin). The serum concentrations of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib were measured by HPLC, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS 3.0 software. The parameters ofAUC(0-t),AUC(0−∞),Tmax,Vz/F, andCLz/Ffor imatinib in group B were different from those in group A (P<0.05). Besides,MRT(0−t)andMRT(0−∞)in groups C and D differed distinctly from those in group A as well. The parameters ofAUC(0-t)andCmaxfor N-desmethyl imatinib in group C were significantly lower than those in group A (P<0.05); however, compared with groups B and D, the magnitude of effect was modest. Those results indicated that apigenin in the short-term study inhibited the metabolism of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib, while in the long-term study the metabolism could be accelerated.

The influence of doxazosin, an α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist on the urinary bladder contractility in pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Markiewicz ◽  
A. Jasiecka ◽  
D. Barski ◽  
J. Janiuk ◽  
A. Bossowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Detrusor Smooth Muscle ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Term Administration

Abstract In the present study influence of doxazosin on the porcine urinary bladder contractility has been examined. Immature pigs were treated for 30 days with: a) doxazosin (n = 5) per os at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg b.w. or b) placebo (n = 5; control group). Thereafter, animals were sacrificed and urinary bladder strips from the trigone were suspended in organ baths. The tension of the smooth musce was measured before and after exposition to acetylocholine (ACh; 10-5 - 10-3 M), norepinephrine (NE; 10-9 - 10-7 M) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 10-7 - 10-5 M). Both the ACh and 5-HT at the highest doses significantly increased the contractility in each group, but this response was weaker in doxazosin-treated animals. NE caused relaxation in both groups, but the effect was weaker in doxazosine-treated group. The results of our study have shown that long-term administration of doxazosin caused a desensitization of the detrusor smooth muscle for in vitro applied mediators of the autonomic nervous systems.

Growth and carcass composition of pre-pubertal dairy heifers treated with bovine growth hormone

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Sandles ◽  
C. J. Peel
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Plasma Metabolite

ABSTRACTThe effects of long-term administration of exogenous growth hormone (GH) on growth and carcass composition of pasture-fed, pre-pubertal dairy heifers were examined. Purified bovine GH (specific activity, 0·78 i.u. per mg) was administered daily for 21 weeks (0·6 mg GH per kg M0·75) to one member of each of 12 sets of twins. GH administration resulted in a significantly higher growth rate (0·58 kg/ day) compared with the control group (0·54 kg/day) and produced a heavier carcass (75·6 kg v. 69·5 kg). However, this production gain did not persist when GH treatment ceased. Plasma metabolite concentrations and carcass composition were not affected by GH treatment. GH tended to increase slightly the voluntary intake of freshly cut herbage dry matter (3·5 kg/day v. 3·7 kg/day; P < 0·05), but had no effect on food conversion efficiency. Serum somatomedin levels were not significantly increased by GH during week 13 of treatment. This experiment indicates that pre-pubertal heifers chronically treated with GH will increase their food intake to sustain an increased rate of growth. However, the production gains made over the treatment period were transient and within 5 weeks of the cessation of GH treatment there was no difference in the live weight of the two groups.

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