Evaluation of Contaminated Water Treatment on the Durability of Steel Piles

The most common effluent created by the oil industry is oily wastewater. This produced water (PW) corrodes the steel piles in the infrastructure of bridges, which shortens their service life. It is important to remove organic content in PW to prevent this outcome. Samples from the Ahdab oil field were used in this study. Two catalysts were selected: zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) with photo presence as an energy source. The results were organic elimination of 96.4% and 93.4% using ZnO and TiO2, respectively. The experimental conditions were pH = 3 and an irradiation time of 120 min. Due to the ability of ZnO to adsorb high amounts of organic content from PW, there was an increased elimination of organic content. Hence, the maintenance of steel piles durability is a good alternative to approach the goals of this study. The results of the study demonstrated that the organic adsorption on a catalyst agent reinforced in nonappearance of radiation photo is insignificant.

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Ultrafiltration Membrane Technology for Oily Wastewater Treatment

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/877/1/012012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 877 (1) ◽

pp. 012012

Author(s):

Zahraa N. Mahbouba ◽

Abdulkhalik K. Mahmood ◽

Musa H. Alshammari

Keyword(s):

Water Reuse ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Produced Water ◽

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Ultrafiltration Membrane ◽

Oil Field ◽

Oily Wastewater ◽

Oil And Grease

Abstract Oil and gas sectors generate large amounts of oily wastewater, which is called produced water. In which, it contains high concentrations of hazardous organic and inorganic pollutants. This paper attempts to evaluate the performance and quality of using a polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane (UFM) to treat the produced water of Al-Ahdab oil field (Wassit, Iraq). 8 rectangular flat sheets of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane were used. The area of each is 60 cm2 and pore size about 15 nm used in the experimental work. Prepared UFM is characterized by determining the surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result showed that the UFM indicated high removal efficiency in all parameters and especially oil and grease and total suspended solid but in general it still less than the requirement of water reuse. The results showed that, a combination of a conventional treatment method and UFM technology have higher efficiency than using UFM only.

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Metabolites of an Oil Field Sulfide-Oxidizing, Nitrate-ReducingSulfurimonassp. Cause Severe Corrosion

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01891-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sven Lahme ◽

Dennis Enning ◽

Cameron M. Callbeck ◽

Demelza Menendez Vega ◽

Thomas P. Curtis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Steel ◽

Produced Water ◽

Sulfide Oxidation ◽

Petroleum Industry ◽

Oil Field ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Content Type ◽

Corrosion Rates ◽

Reducing Bacteria ◽

Nitrate Reducing Bacteria

ABSTRACTOil reservoir souring and associated material integrity challenges are of great concern to the petroleum industry. The bioengineering strategy of nitrate injection has proven successful for controlling souring in some cases, but recent reports indicate increased corrosion in nitrate-treated produced water reinjection facilities. Sulfide-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing bacteria (soNRB) have been suggested to be the cause of such corrosion. Using the model soNRBSulfurimonassp. strain CVO obtained from an oil field, we conducted a detailed analysis of soNRB-induced corrosion at initial nitrate-to-sulfide (N/S) ratios relevant to oil field operations. The activity of strain CVO caused severe corrosion rates of up to 0.27 millimeters per year (mm y−1) and up to 60-μm-deep pitting within only 9 days. The highest corrosion during the growth of strain CVO was associated with the production of zero-valent sulfur during sulfide oxidation and the accumulation of nitrite, when initial N/S ratios were high. Abiotic corrosion tests with individual metabolites confirmed biogenic zero-valent sulfur and nitrite as the main causes of corrosion under the experimental conditions. Mackinawite (FeS) deposited on carbon steel surfaces accelerated abiotic reduction of both sulfur and nitrite, exacerbating corrosion. Based on these results, a conceptual model for nitrate-mediated corrosion by soNRB is proposed.IMPORTANCEAmbiguous reports of corrosion problems associated with the injection of nitrate for souring control necessitate a deeper understanding of this frequently applied bioengineering strategy. Sulfide-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing bacteria have been proposed as key culprits, despite the underlying microbial corrosion mechanisms remaining insufficiently understood. This study provides a comprehensive characterization of how individual metabolic intermediates of the microbial nitrogen and sulfur cycles can impact the integrity of carbon steel infrastructure. The results help explain the dramatic increases seen at times in corrosion rates observed during nitrate injection in field and laboratory trials and point to strategies for reducing adverse integrity-related side effects of nitrate-based souring mitigation.

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