scholarly journals Comparative Gross Anatomy of the Forelimb Arteries of the Japanese Monkey (Macaca fuscata) and a Comparative Pattern of Forelimb Arterial Distribution in Primates

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Tales Alexandre Aversi-Ferreira ◽  
Emmanuel Freitas-Ferreira ◽  
Roqueline A. G. M. F. Aversi-Ferreira ◽  
Karolyne Cordeiro-de-Oliveira ◽  
Gezianne Lopes-de-Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Fuscata ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Japanese Monkey ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
New World Primates ◽  
Papio Anubis ◽  
Locomotor Behaviour ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Macaca fuscata displays characteristic behaviours, such as stone handling, locomotor behaviour, gait position, and intermittent bipedalism. Differences in characteristic behaviours among primate species/genera could be explained by anatomical details of the body. However, the anatomical details have not been well studied in Macaca fuscata. Arterial models could be one of the anatomical bases for the phylogenetic and functional differences among species, since the arterial supply could be associated with the muscular performance, especially locomotor behaviour. In this study, five thoracic limbs of Macaca fuscata adults were dissected to analyse the vessels. Patterns of arterial distribution in the thoracic limbs of Macaca fuscata were compared with those in other primates. The results indicated that the arterial distribution in the Japanese monkeys was more similar to those in Macaca mulatta and Papio anubis, which is consistent with phylogenetic similarities. However, compared with Papio anubis and other macaques, there were anatomical differences in several points, including (1) the origin of the common, anterior, posterior circumflex, and profunda brachii, and (2) the origins of the collateralis ulnaris artery. The comparative anatomy of the arteries in the forelimb of Macaca fuscata, along with the anatomical studies in other primates, indicated characteristic patterns of brachial artery division and the number of the palmar arches in primates, which is consistent with the phylogenetic division among New World primates, Old World primates, and apes.

Comparative anatomy of the arm muscles of the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata ) with some comments on locomotor mechanics and behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tales Alexandre Aversi-Ferreira ◽  
Roqueline A.G.M.F. Aversi-Ferreira ◽  
Rafael Vieira Bretas ◽  
Hiroshi Nishimaru ◽  
Hisao Nishijo
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Fuscata ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Japanese Monkey ◽  
Arm Muscles ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals Jaw Elevator Muscle Coordination during Rhythmic Mastication in Primates: Are Triplets Units of Motor Control?

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yashesvini Ram ◽  
Callum F. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Fuscata ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Muscle Coordination ◽  
Papio Anubis ◽  
Propithecus Verreauxi ◽  
Eulemur Fulvus ◽  
Cycle Basis ◽  
Medial Pterygoid ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The activity of mammal jaw elevator muscles during chewing has often been described using the concept of the triplet motor pattern, in which triplet I (balancing side superficial masseter and medial pterygoid; working side posterior temporalis) is consistently activated before triplet II (working side superficial masseter and medial pterygoid; balancing side posterior temporalis), and each triplet of muscles is recruited and modulated as a unit. Here, new measures of unison, synchrony, and coordination are used to determine whether in 5 primate species (Propithecus verreauxi, Eulemur fulvus, Papio anubis, Macaca fuscata,and Pan troglodytes)muscles in the same triplet are active more in unison, are more synchronized, and are more highly coordinated than muscles in different triplets. Results show that triplet I muscle pairs are active more in unison than other muscle pairs in Eulemur, Macaca, and Papio,buttriplet muscle pairs are mostly not more tightly synchronized than non-triplet pairs. Triplet muscles are more coordinated during triplet pattern cycles than non-triplet cycles, while non-triplet muscle pairs are more coordinated during non-triplet cycles than triplet cycles. These results suggest that the central nervous system alters patterns of coordination between cycles, recruiting triplet muscles as a coordinated unit during triplet cycles but employing a different pattern of muscle coordination during non-triplet cycles. The triplet motor pattern may simplify modulation of rhythmic mastication by being one possible unit of coordination that can be recruited on a cycle-to-cycle basis.

Fine Structure of the Dorsal Lingual Epithelium of the Japanese Monkey Macaca fuscata fuscata

1992 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Iwasaki ◽  
H. Yoshizawa ◽  
K. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Macaca Fuscata ◽  
Japanese Monkey ◽  
Lingual Epithelium ◽  
Macaca Fuscata Fuscata

scholarly journals Outbreak of Larval Echinococcus multilocularis Infection in Japanese Monkey (Macaca fuscata) in a Zoo, Hokkaido: Western Blotting Patterns in the Infected Monkeys

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiaki SATO ◽  
Shiro KAWASE ◽  
Shoki YANO ◽  
Hideki NAGANO ◽  
Satoshi FUJIMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blotting ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Macaca Fuscata ◽  
Japanese Monkey

scholarly journals Responses to Individuals Disabled from the Anesthetic by Other Members in Japanese Monkey Troops (Macaca fuscata yakui) in Yakushima Island

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chie HASHIMOTO ◽  
Takeshi FURUICHI
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Fuscata ◽  
Japanese Monkey ◽  
Macaca Fuscata Yakui ◽  
Yakushima Island

scholarly journals Ultrastructure of the adrenal gland of paca (Cuniculus paca, Linnaeus, 1766) in captivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Sérgio Pinter Garcia Filho ◽  
Leandro Luis Martins ◽  
Paulo Fernandes Marcusso ◽  
Tais Harumi de Castro Sasahara ◽  
Márcia Rita Fernandes Machado
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cortical Region ◽  
Lateral Incision ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

Lowland paca (Cuniculus paca, Linnaeus, 1766) is a medium-sized rodent that belongs to the Brazilian fauna. Yet little information on its morphology is found in the specialized literature. Thus, the objective of the work was to study the morphology of the adrenal gland of paca by means of microscopic ultrastructure analysis. The adrenal gland secretes specialized substances in the body which promote biological functions of great importance and will provide valuable information to studies in comparative anatomy. Two (2) adult lowland pacas were used, male and female. Soon after death, the animals were positioned in the supine position; their abdominal cavities were opened by pre-retro umbilical and lateral incision followed by folding of the abdominal walls to expose the glands. The adrenal glands were removed; fragments were collected, fixed and prepared for ultrastructure observations using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy techniques. It was observed that the adrenal glands of the paca have divisions as well as the limits of the cortical and medullary region, as well as the subdivisions of the glomerulosa, fasciculated and reticulated areas of the cortical region as in other rodents. An ultrastructure of cells and their components also showed a lot of similarity to that already demonstrated in different rodents.

scholarly journals Suppression of ovarian activity during the breeding season in suckling Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata)

Reproduction ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-I. Maeda ◽  
H. Tsukamura ◽  
S. Ohkura ◽  
T. Kanaizuka ◽  
J. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Macaca Fuscata ◽  
Japanese Monkey ◽  
Ovarian Activity

Proton Dose Conversion Coefficients Based on Chinese Reference Adult Woman Voxel Phantom

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Liu ◽  
Mingqi Shen ◽  
Taosheng Li ◽  
Chunyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Woman ◽  
Voxel Model ◽  
Conversion Coefficients ◽  
Computational Phantoms ◽  
Posterior Anterior ◽  
Anterior Posterior

In order to calculate the dose conversion coefficients for proton, the voxel model of Chinese Reference Adult Woman (CRAW) was established by the Monte Carlo transport code FLUKA according to the Chinese reference data and the Asian reference data. Compared with the reference data, the deviations of the mass for organs or tissues of CRAW is less than ±5%. Calculations have been performed for 14 incident monoenergetic protons energies from 0.02GeV to 10TeV at the irradiation incident of anterior-posterior (AP) and posterior-anterior (PA). The results of fluence-to-effective dose conversion coefficients are compared with data from the different models such as an anthropomorphic mathematical model, ICRP reference adult voxel model, the voxel-based visible Chinese human (VCH). Anatomical differences among various computational phantoms and the spatial geometric positions of the organs or tissues lead to the discrepancies of the effective dose conversion coefficients in the ranging from a negligible level to 107% at proton energies below 0.2GeV. The deviations of the coefficients, above 0.2GeV, are mostly within 10%. The results of fluence-to-organ absorbed dose conversion coefficients are compared with the data of VCH. The deviations of the coefficients, below and above 0.2GeV, are within 150% and 20%, respectively. The primary factors of the deviations for the coefficients should be due to the differences of the organ mass and the size of the body shape.

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