scholarly journals Bubble Bursting and Drainage Characteristics at the Free Surface of a Liquid Pool with an Aerosol

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Xiang Yu ◽  
Haifeng Gu ◽  
Weikai Yin ◽  
Qingyang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Liquid Pool ◽  
Radioactive Source ◽  
Lifetime Distribution ◽  
Liquid Temperature ◽  
Radioactive Aerosols ◽  
Bubble Bursting ◽  
Liquid Pools ◽  
Reactor Accidents ◽  
Physical Quantities

When nuclear reactor accidents such as steam generator pipe ruptures or core melting occur, radioactive aerosols will remain in the liquid pools. Bubbles may be generated by boiling or gas injection. Film droplets produced by bubble bursts may entrain radioactive aerosols from the liquid to the air. This long-lasting behavior can produce a considerable amount of aerosols. To evaluate radioactive source terms, many physical quantities related to bubble bursting need to be determined, such as bubble burst position, bubble lifetime, cap film roll-up velocity, and cap film thickness, which are very important parameters that influence the releasing of radioactive aerosols. In this research, the phenomenon of bubble bursting was investigated by visualization. The above parameters were measured. We obtained the lifetime distribution of bubbles under different conditions, and we found that the addition of an aerosol increased the lifetime of the bubbles. By comparing the bubble lifetime to the roll-up velocity and cap thickness, we showed that the increase of the liquid temperature thickened the cap at rupture and the increase of the air temperature thinned the cap. The addition of an aerosol increased the film roll-up velocity.

An Experimental Study of the Interaction of Multiple Liquid Pool Fires

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Vincent ◽  
S. R. Gollahalli
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Liquid Pool ◽  
Flame Height ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Pool Fires ◽  
Pool Surface ◽  
Flammable Liquids ◽  
Liquid Pools ◽  
Ignition And Combustion

The risk of accidental spills and possible fires is high in the storage and handling of large quantities of flammable liquids. Such liquid pool fires are generally buoyancy-driven and emit a large fraction of their heat release in the form of radiation. Ignition and combustion characteristics of liquid pools depend on the design parameters such as diameter, spacing, and shape of the pools. This laboratory scale study was conducted to determine the effects of these parameters on the characteristics of multiple liquid pool fires. The measurements reported include pool surface regression rate, flame height, temperature, and concentrations of carbon dioxide, soot, and oxygen.

scholarly journals Thermal-hydraulic behavior of physical quantities at critical velocities in a nuclear research reactor core channel using plate type fuel

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-238
Author(s):  
Ali Sidi ◽  
Zaki Boudali ◽  
Rachid Salhi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Critical Velocity ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Coolant Fluid ◽  
Critical Velocities ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Physical Quantities

The thermal-hydraulic study presented here relates to a channel of a nuclear reactor core. This channel is defined as being the space between two fuel plates where a coolant fluid flows. The flow velocity of this coolant should not generate vibrations in fuel plates. The aim of this study is to know the distribution of the temperature in the fuel plates, in the cladding and in the coolant fluid at the critical velocities of Miller, of Wambsganss, and of Cekirge and Ural. The velocity expressions given by these authors are function of the geometry of the fuel plate, the mechanical characteristics of the fuel plate?s material and the thermal characteristics of the coolant fluid. The thermal-hydraulic study is made under steady-state; the equation set-up of the thermal problem is made according to El Wakil and to Delhaye. Once the equation set-up is validated, the three critical velocities are calculated and then used in the calculations of the different temperature profiles. The average heat flux and the critical heat flux are evaluated for each critical velocity and their ratio reported. The recommended critical velocity to be used in nuclear channel calculations is that of Wambsganss. The mathematical model used is more precise and all the physical quantities, when using this critical velocity, stay in safe margins.

Dissolution of organic solvents from painted surfaces into water

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Wren ◽  
D J Jobe ◽  
G G Sanipelli ◽  
J M Ball
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Dissolution Kinetics ◽  
Activation Energies ◽  
Dissolution Mechanism ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Organic Impurities ◽  
Accident Conditions ◽  
Reactor Accidents

The presence of volatile iodine in containment buildings is one of the major safety concerns in the potential event of nuclear reactor accidents. Organic impurities in containment water, originating from various painted structural surfaces and organic materials, could have a significant impact on iodine volatility following an accident. To determine the source and magnitude of organic impurities and their effects on time-dependent iodine volatility, the dissolution for organic constituents from paints used in reactor buildings has been studied under postulated accident conditions. The studies of the organic dissolution from carbon steel coupons coated with zinc-primed vinyl, epoxy-primed polyurethane or epoxy paints over the temperature range 25-90°C are reported. Relatively large activation energies were measured for the release of the principal organic compounds from painted surfaces, suggesting it is the release of the solvents from the paint matrix rather than their diffusion through the solution that is the rate determining step for the dissolution mechanism. The similarities in the values of activation energies for the dissolution of different organic compounds from the paints suggest the release rate is independent of the nature of the painted surface or the type of organic being released from the surface. These two observations indicate that it may be possible to write a generalized rate expression for the release of organic compounds from painted surfaces in containment following an accident. The possible implications of these results for predicting iodine volatility in containment are also discussed.Key words: dissolution kinetics, organic solvents, painted surfaces, reactor accidents.

scholarly journals How many nuclear reactor accidents?

Nature ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 327 (6124) ◽  
pp. 663-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. F. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Reactor Accidents ◽  
Nuclear Reactor Accidents

Nuclear reactor accidents: preparedness and medical consequences

1987 ◽  
Vol 60 (720) ◽  
pp. 1159-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Lushbaugh ◽  
S. A. Fry ◽  
R. C. Ricks
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Reactor Accidents ◽  
Nuclear Reactor Accidents
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