scholarly journals Clinical, Parasitological, and Serological Follow-Up of Dogs with Sarcoptic Mange Treated Orally with Lotilaner

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
F. Moog ◽  
J. Brun ◽  
P. Bourdeau ◽  
M. C. Cadiergues
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Sarcoptic Mange ◽  
Storage Mites ◽  
Therapeutic Measure ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Saint Bernard

Canine sarcoptic mange is a highly pruritic and contagious skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis. This case series describes the clinical, parasitological, and serological follow-up of a cohort of eight adult Saint Bernard dogs with confirmed sarcoptic mange, treated orally with lotilaner. Dogs were evaluated initially and after 14 days and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 months for skin lesions, pruritus severity, presence of parasites, and Sarcoptes-IgG levels. A serological indoor allergy panel (IgE) was obtained for seven dogs at day 0 and repeated 12 months later in five dogs to assess potential cross-reactivity between S. scabiei and environmental allergens. Lotilaner was administered to each dog according to the manufacturer’s instructions and was repeated after one and two months without any concurrent therapeutic measure or modification of the husbandry conditions. Pruritus ceased after two weeks. The cutaneous score was reduced by 47%, and skin scrapings were negative for all but three animals. All skin scrapings were negative after one month. Lesions were absent after two months. Serological levels decreased gradually, but more slowly than the skin lesions, and two dogs out of six remained positive in the absence of skin lesions or symptoms. All dogs initially tested positive for dust mites and/or storage mites. The IgE titres remained unchanged 12 months later in the five tested dogs. This case report demonstrates the efficacy of lotilaner on scabies in a cohort of infested dogs under natural conditions and the potential antigenic cross-reaction of S. scabiei with house dust and storage mites.

Seroprevalence and Dermatopathology of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis Infestation in Pigs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasenjit Debnath ◽  
Kalyan Sarma ◽  
Rahul Singh Arya ◽  
Chethan G E ◽  
Basanta Saikia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Sarcoptic Mange ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Large White ◽  
Wild Pigs ◽  
Common Causes

Skin diseases can have an adverse impact on the production in a swine herd by causing decrease in growth rate and feed efficiency. Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis is one of the most common causes of mange in domestic and wild pigs. Keeping this point in view, a study on seroprevalence and dermatopathology of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis infestation in the pig population of Tripura has been undertaken. The presence of anti Sarcoptes antibodies (Immunoglobulin G) was detected by commercially available kit. In the present study, 189 pigs (11.81%) were found to be seropositive against Sarcoptes scabiei infestation out of 1600 screened pigs. Thirty one pigs out of 189 were found to be clinically positive and confirmed by microscopic examination. Examination of the skin scraping revealed various developmental stages viz., egg, larva, protonymph and adult of Sarcoptes mite. Occurrence of sarcoptic mange was found to be highest in young age group (67.72%, 128/189), male pigs (56.08%, 106/189) and Large White Yorkshire breed (47.08%). The highest and lowest occurrence of sarcoptic mange was noticed in winter (41.27%) and monsoon (7.94%) season, respectively. Clinical lesions were distributed most commonly in ear pinna (87.10%, 27/31) region. The presence of anti Sarcoptes antibodies was found to be highest in pigs having severe generalized skin lesions (70.0%). Histopathology of skin biopsy revealed a tunnel like ulcerated lesion in the skin with severe inflammatory cell infiltration in the core. The present study shows the high seroprevalence of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis in pigs in Tripura state and recommends for proper control measures. However, epidemiological studies involving larger population are required for comprehensive results.

Assessment of cross-reactivity among five species of house dust and storage mites

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manolis N. Saridomichelakis ◽  
Rosanna Marsella ◽  
Kenneth W. Lee ◽  
Robert E. Esch ◽  
Rania Farmaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
House Dust ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Storage Mites ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Treatment of Severe Atopic Dermatitis with Cyclosporine: A Review of Eight Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Lidija Kandolf Sekulović ◽  
Kristina Kostić ◽  
Željko Mijušković ◽  
Miroslav Dinić ◽  
Lidija Cvetković Jordanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Severe Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Systemic Corticosteroids ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
The Military

Abstract Atopic dermatitis is most frequently well controlled with topical therapeutic agents, but based on several studies, 10-20% of patients need systemic therapy. The most common systemic treatment for atopic dermatitis in everyday practice includes systemic corticosteroids, although there are insufficient valid data to support this. Cyclosporine is the treatment of choice for severe atopic dermatitis resistant to other commonly used treatment options, since its favorable therapeutic risk/benefit ratio is well documented in randomized placebo controlled trials, and also in uncontrolled trials. However, approximately 10% of patients with atopic dermatitis with indication for cyclosporine treatment are actually treated with this modality in Serbia, and there are no published case series on its use in this region so far. In this article, we evaluated the treatment efficacy and safety of cyclosporine microemulsion in patients with severe atopic dermatitis hospitalized at the Military Medical Academy in Belgrade from 2009 to 2012. This restrospective analysis included patients with severe forms of atopic dermatitis treated at the Department of Dermatology of the Military Medical Academy from 2009 - 2012. The hospital database was used to retrieve patients’ medical records. Approximately 200 patients were treated for atopic dermatitis and 20 patients were admitted to the hospital, 17 due to severe forms of disease. In total, 8 of 17 (47.05%) hospitalized patients with severe forms or erythroderma due to atopic dermatitis were treated with cyclosporine microemulsion with an initial dose of 4-5 mg/kg. Laboratory tests were done before treatment, 7 days later, and/or at the end of hospitalization. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated based on the percentage of reduction of skin lesions from baseline to the end of hospital treatment (early efficacy), and at the end of follow-up (late efficacy). Duration of therapy, adverse events, treatment efficacy and reasons for treatment cessation were recorded during the follow-up period. There were five male and 3 female patients, with an average age of 36.8 years (15 - 60 years). Previous treatment modalities in all patients included emollients, topical and systemic corticosteroids and PUVA therapy. The average dose of cyclosporine was 4.5±0,5 mg/kg. Median reduction of skin lesions at discharge was 60%. There was no need for further hospitalization after an average of 10±3.2 days. Mean duration of treatment was 16 months (3 - 24), with an average reduction of skin lesions of 75% during follow-up. Arterial blood pressure increased in 3/8 (37.5%) patients, regardless of their age, with and average increase of systolic blood pressure of 11.9±11.6 mm Hg (median 7.5, 0-30 mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure of 5.6±12.9 mm Hg (median 0, -10-20). Mean increase in urea concentration was 0.3 mmol/L (11.8%) and creatinine increased only in three patients by 4.2% (median increase 4 mmol/L). Hypertension was found in three patients during follow-up, and there were no other adverse events. In conclusion, based on previous studies and this small case series of hospitalized patients with severe forms of atopic dermatitis including erythroderma, cyclosporine can be regarded as a safe and effective treatment modality and it can be recommended as first line therapy in severe forms of atopic dermatitis refractory to topical therapy and phototherapy. Long term therapy, however, should be avoided and a maximum 1-2 year therapy is recommended.

scholarly journals First report of interspecific transmission of sarcoptic mange from Iberian ibex to wild boar

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Valldeperes ◽  
Barbara Moroni ◽  
Luca Rossi ◽  
Jorge Ramón López-Olvera ◽  
Roser Velarde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Sarcoptic Mange ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Capra Pyrenaica ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Chain Reactions

Abstract Background Sarcoptic mange is a globally distributed parasitic disease caused by the burrowing mite Sarcoptes scabiei. This mite has a certain degree of host specificity, although interspecific transmission can occur among phylogenetically related species or through prey–predator mediated exposure. In 2018, a wild boar (Sus scrofa) with lesions compatible with sarcoptic mange was hunted in Ports de Tortosa i Beseit Natural Park (PTB, north-eastern Spain), where an active epizootic outbreak of sarcoptic mange is affecting Iberian ibexes (Capra pyrenaica) since 2014. Methods A complete necropsy, skin scrapings and skin digestions with hydroxide potassium were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Routine histopathological analysis, toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry were used to characterize the lesions and the inflammatory infiltrate. Finally, 10 specific S. scabiei microsatellites were molecularly genotyped through polymerase chain reactions in mites obtained from the affected wild boar. For phylogenetic comparison, mites obtained from sympatric Iberian ibexes and allopatric wild boars and Iberian ibexes from southern Spain were analysed. Results Sarcoptes scabiei was visually and molecularly identified in the infested wild boar from PTB, causing skin lesions with dermal inflammatory infiltrate rich in T and B cells, which indicate an adaptive immune response. Three S. scabiei genetic clusters were identified: one included mites from southern Iberian ibexes, another included mites from southern wild boars, and a third one distinctively grouped the wild boar from PTB with the sympatric ibexes. Conclusions To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of sarcoptic mange in wild boar in Spain and the first documented case of S. scabiei cross-transmission from a wild ruminant host to a wild boar. The wild boar presented an ordinary scabies type reaction, which is typical of the self-limiting infestations reported in other cases of interspecific transmission. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Efficacy of orally and topically administered fluralaner (Bravecto®) for treatment of client-owned dogs with sarcoptic mange under field conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Chiummo ◽  
Ivo Petersen ◽  
Claudia Plehn ◽  
Eva Zschiesche ◽  
Rainer Roepke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Sarcoptic Mange ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Sustained Activity ◽  
Chewable Tablets ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background Successful canine sarcoptic mange treatment requires immediate efficacy to eliminate active mites, and sustained activity to prevent re-infestation from in-contact animals and fomites. With extended acaricidal activity, fluralaner has been shown to be effective for treating this disease. To confirm this potential under field conditions, two fluralaner formulations were administered to mite-infested, client-owned dogs. Methods Households qualified for inclusion if they had at least one dog positive for Sarcoptes scabiei mites, confirmed by skin scraping, and at least one dog with clinical signs evocative of sarcoptic mange. Households were allocated to groups of dogs to receive a single treatment with either oral (Bravecto® chewable tablets, MSD Animal Health) or topical (Bravecto® Spot-on, MSD Animal Health), fluralaner at a dose of ≥ 25 mg/kg (range 25–56 mg/kg) on Day 0, or two treatments with oral sarolaner (Simparica® tablets, Zoetis) (Days 0 and 28) at ≥ 2 mg/kg (2–4 mg/kg). All dogs in each household were treated with the same product. On the enrolment day and subsequently on Days 28, 56 and 84, deep skin scrapings were taken from at least five different body areas judged to be most likely to have active mite infestation. At each visit, the dog’s mange-associated skin lesions were recorded, and pruritus level was assessed. Results There were 98 participating households and 135 dogs enrolled across Albania, France, Italy and Portugal. On Day 28, more than 90% of dogs in each group were negative for mites. On Days 56 and 84, all study dogs were free of mites and most dermatological signs of sarcoptic mange had resolved. There were no treatment-related adverse events in any group. Conclusions A single treatment of client-owned, sarcoptic mange-affected dogs with either fluralaner chewable tablets or fluralaner spot-on formulation proved a safe and effective treatment of infestations with S. scabiei var. canis, maintained through 84 days (12 weeks) after treatment.

scholarly journals The Skin as an Early Expression of Malignancies in the Neonatal Age: A Review of the Literature and a Case Series

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vito Mondì ◽  
Fiammetta Piersigilli ◽  
Guglielmo Salvatori ◽  
Cinzia Auriti
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Frequent Finding ◽  
Early Expression ◽  
Tumor Types

Skin lesions are a frequent finding in childhood, from infancy throughout adolescence. They can arise from many conditions, including infections and inflammation. Most neonatal rashes are benign and self-limiting and require no treatment. Other conditions may be an expression of malignancy or may be a marker for other abnormalities, such as neural tube defects. Therefore, skin lesions require an extensive evaluation and close follow-up to ensure the best possible outcome. This paper briefly reviews the main tumor types presenting with cutaneous involvement in neonates, followed by the description of some patients admitted to our Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with an early skin expression of malignancies.

Effect of Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction in Patellofemoral Instability Regardless of Predisposing Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Ik Lee ◽  
Mohd Shahrul Azuan Jaffar ◽  
Han Gyeol Choi ◽  
Tae Woo Kim ◽  
Yong Seuk Lee
Keyword(s):  
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament ◽  
Trochlear Dysplasia ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Patellofemoral Instability ◽  
International Knee Documentation Committee ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Mpfl Reconstruction ◽  
Patellar Tilt ◽  
Case Series Study

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of isolated medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction, regardless of the presence of predisposing factors. A total of 21 knees that underwent isolated MPFL reconstruction from March 2014 to August 2017 were included in this retrospective series. Radiographs of the series of the knee at flexion angles of 20, 40, and 60 degrees were acquired. The patellar position was evaluated using the patellar tilt angle, sulcus angle, congruence angle (CA), and Caton-Deschamps and Blackburne-Peel ratios. To evaluate the clinical outcome, the preoperative and postoperative International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm knee scoring scales were analyzed. To evaluate the postoperative outcomes based on the predisposing factors, the results were separately analyzed for each group. Regarding radiologic outcomes, 20-degree CA was significantly reduced from 10.37 ± 5.96° preoperatively to −0.94 ± 4.11° postoperatively (p = 0.001). In addition, regardless of the predisposing factors, delta values of pre- and postoperation of 20-degree CA were not significantly different in both groups. The IKDC score improved from 53.71 (range: 18–74) preoperatively to 94.71 (range: 86–100) at the last follow-up (p = 0.004), and the Lysholm score improved from 54.28 (range: 10–81) preoperatively to 94.14 (range: 86–100) at the last follow-up (p = 0.010). Isolated MPFL reconstruction provides a safe and effective treatment for patellofemoral instability, even in the presence of mild predisposing factors, such as trochlear dysplasia, increased patella height, increased TT–TG distance, or valgus alignment. This is a Level 4, case series study.

A case series of metastatic pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas: patients characteristics, therapeutic approach and follow-up

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Angelousi ◽  
Eva Kassi ◽  
Melpomeni Peppa ◽  
Alexandra Chrysoulidou ◽  
George Zografos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Case Series
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document