Preparation and Characterization of Organic/Inorganic Composite UV Filter Microcapsules by Sol-Gel Method

Octyl methoxycinnamate and butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane are organic UV filters with poor photostability and will become photoallergy or phototoxic substance when exposed to ultraviolet radiation. The organic UV filters coated by microcapsules can reduce the photodegradation and avoid direct contact with the skin. Through microencapsulation, the application of UV filters in cosmetics becomes more effective and safer. This study first used the sol-gel method to create organic/inorganic composite UV filter microcapsules. We used sodium alginate as a shell material of the microcapsule to encapsulate UV filters. CaCO3 and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) were used as cross-linking agents, and sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) and polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) were used as emulsifiers in the interfacial polymerization method for preparation. The results indicated that the microcapsules with 3 g of CaCO3 cross-linking agents had a similar particle size and better entrapment efficiency. The average sizes were 61.0 ± 4.9 μm and 48.6 ± 4.7 μm, and entrapment efficiencies were 75.3 ± 1.9% and 74.8 ± 1.7% for octyl methoxycinnamate and butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane, respectively. Utilizing sodium alginate as a cross-linking agent is better than TEOS due to the higher calcium content. In vitro transdermal delivery analysis showed that the release rate became steady.

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Green synthesis of Sodium alginate mediated Fluorapatite Nanoparticle via Sol-Gel method

Journal of Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37934/jrnn.2.1.3041 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 30-41

Author(s):

Pooneh Kia ◽

Mansor Bin Ahmad ◽

Kamyar Shameli

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure ◽

Thermal Stability ◽

Green Synthesis ◽

Sodium Alginate ◽

Sol Gel ◽

The Body ◽

Hydroxyl Groups ◽

Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate ◽

Gel Method ◽

Sol Gel Method

Fluorapatite (FA) can be used as a bioactive substance in the body, especially the teeth implants. The FA nanoparticle was synthesized by adding the fluorine to the structure of HA using sol–gel method and the heat treatment of 700 °C. Being low costs, eco-friendly and safer features are obvious advantages of the green synthesis of FA nanoparticles by using bio stabilizer of sodium alginate. Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium fluoride were used as precursors of Ca, P and F respectively with the ratio of 1:67 Ca/P. The presence of crystal structure of HA and FA investigated by the results of XRD which confirmed the substitution of hydroxyl groups with the fluorine in the crystal structure of apatite. FTIR obtained that fluorine was substituted by hydroxyl groups in the structure of fluoridated hydroxyapatite by disappearing the hydroxyl groups at 3600 cm-1 in the FA. TGA investigated the thermal stability of the nanoparticles that showed the discrepancy of weight loss for HA and FA between 600?C to 800?C. By using TEM, average sizes of 35 and 49 nm were determined for HA and FA respectively. FESEM results confirmed the shapes and distribution of particles of HA and FA in that, round like for the former and rode like for the later. The overall performance of utilizing sodium alginate (SA) as a bio-stabilizer is to obtain better precipitate which leads to having better crystallinity and smaller particle size and thermal stability remarkably improved.

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Study on Immobilization Methods of Acetylcholinesterase

International Journal of Food Engineering ◽

10.2202/1556-3758.1464 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 4 (8) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Xia Sun ◽

Xiangyou Wang ◽

Zhe Liu

Keyword(s):

Sol Gel ◽

Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Gel Method ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Oxidation Current ◽

Acetylthiocholine Iodide ◽

Chitosan Membranes ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Made In

In this paper, two acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilization methods on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) were compared. AChE-employed homogenate from chicken brain was home-made in the laboratory. The immobilization methods employed a cross-linking method with glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent, bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a protectant, and sol-gel method with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). AChE was immobilized on chitosan membranes by these two immobilization methods. Then the enzyme membrane was fixed on the surface of GCE to prepare an AChE-GCE amperometric biosensor for the detection of organophosphorus pesticide. Measuring the activity of immobilization AChE by the oxidation current of thiocholine (TCh), produced by hydrolysis of the acetylthiocholine iodide (ATChI) substrate, the results showed that the activity of AChE-employed sol-gel method with TEOS was higher than the cross-linking method with glutaraldehyde. Biosensor sensitivity and reproducibility were statistically evaluated for the different immobilization methods and the most suitable immobilization procedure was selected.

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Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline NiO-GDC via sodium alginate-mediated ionic sol-gel method

Ceramics International ◽

10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.11.091 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 3201-3210 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shaghayegh Pezeshkpour ◽

Babak Salamatinia ◽

Bahman Amini Horri

Keyword(s):

Sodium Alginate ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Synthesis And Characterization ◽

Gel Method ◽

Sol Gel Method

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Preparation of hard optical coatings based on an organic/inorganic composite by sol–gel method

Materials Letters ◽

10.1016/s0167-577x(99)00207-4 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 326-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Wenxiu Que ◽

Z Sun ◽

Y Zhou ◽

Y.L Lam ◽

S.D Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sol Gel ◽

Optical Coatings ◽

Gel Method ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Inorganic Composite

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CoMn2O4 Catalyst Prepared Using the Sol-Gel Method for the Activation of Peroxymonosulfate and Degradation of UV Filter 2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic Acid (PBSA)

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9050774 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 774 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Chihao Lin ◽

Dejian Shi ◽

Zhentao Wu ◽

Lingfeng Zhang ◽

Zhicai Zhai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Sulfonic Acid ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Nitrogen Adsorption ◽

Paramagnetic Resonance ◽

Uv Filter ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method

In this study, a bimetallic oxide catalyst of cobalt-manganese (CoMn2O4) was synthesized using the sol-gel method, and it was then characterized using a variety of techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms. The obtained novel catalyst, i.e., CoMn2O4, was then used as an activator of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the catalytic degradation of a commonly-used UV filter, 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA) in water. The effects of various factors (e.g., catalyst dosage, PMS concentration, reaction temperature, and pH) in the process were also evaluated. Chemical scavengers and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) tests showed that the •OH and SO4•− were the main reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, this study showed that CoMn2O4 is a promising catalyst for activating PMS to degrade the UV filters.

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