scholarly journals Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Induced by an Acute Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Jamal Ouachaou ◽  
Ilyass Laaribi ◽  
Mohammed Maarad ◽  
Ikram Zaid ◽  
Rajae Alkouh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Cerebral Mri ◽  
Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

Posterior reversible encephalopathy (PRES) is a rare but a serious disease that affects the central nervous system. PRES is responsible for various but nonspecific neurological symptoms, including confusion, coma, and seizures as well as visual disturbances. Diagnosis is made using cerebral MRI which typically shows at the early stage, bilateral symmetrical parietooccipital hyperintensities on T2 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences. Case study. In this article, we base our research on a case study that includes, as a population sample, a 9-year-old boy who suffers from an acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis and arterial hypertension. Two days before diagnosis, he developed confusion with generalized tonic-clonic attacks. His blood pressure was 180/80 mmHg. A cerebral computed tomography made in emergency showed cerebral edema. It was supplemented by magnetic resonance imaging which revealed cortical and posterior cortical lesions which appear as hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2 and Flair. An MRI control was performed 40 days later which shows a clear improvement of the occipital lesions. PRES is a radioclinical syndrome characterized by the association of variable neurological signs which reversibility is conditioned by the early diagnosis and the correction of the contributing factors.

The issue of Assessment Tax Arrears: A Case Study of the Melaka Historic City Council, Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Shamsinar Rahman ◽  
Hardev Kaur Latchimanan Singh ◽  
Zaliha Hussin ◽  
Zulkifli Baharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
City Council ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Historic City ◽  
The Relationship

Objective - The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the relationship between the assessment tax system and tax arrears in Melaka Historic City Council, Malacca, Malaysia. (Local Government) Methodology/Technique - Method used is quantitative method. With population sample of 484 885 residents (N=484,885) and a sample size of 384 residents (n=384), the instrument used to collect primary data is questionnaire. The data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Findings - With accuracy r= .141, p< .001, showed that the relationship was moderate and highly significant. This tells us that the inadequacies in the tax system are one of the contributing factors towards high assessment tax arrears in Melaka Historic City Council. Novelty - Although the issue of tax arrears in Malaysia is not a new phenomenon. However this paper specifically focuses on the issues of assessment tax at the local level, which in this case refers to the Melaka Historic City Council. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords : Assessment tax; Arrears; Local Government; Local autonomy; Malaysia.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in acute pancreatitis: a rare stroke mimic

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e232228
Author(s):  
Luke John Bonavia ◽  
Justin Jackson ◽  
Richard Jurevics
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Stroke Mimic ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

We report a 71-year-old woman who presented with Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) in the setting of acute pancreatitis. On day 3 of her admission, she developed transient right-sided upper and lower limb weakness, reduced visual acuity and encephalopathy, initially regarded as an acute stroke. Brain MRI fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) T2 imaging performed the same day confirmed occipital and parietal hyperdensities consistent with PRES. Her blood pressure never exceeded 150/75 mm Hg throughout the course of the admission. Our case demonstrates PRES in the setting of acute pancreatitis with only a relatively moderate elevation in blood pressure. In order to prevent unnecessary intervention in the setting of presumed acute stroke, it is important to consider the potential differential diagnoses including PRES as rare masquerade of acute stroke or transient ischaemic attack.

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in an Adolescent with Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 144-147
Author(s):  
Çağla Serpil Doğan ◽  
Gülşah Kaya Aksoy ◽  
Muhammed Gültekin Kutluk ◽  
Mehmet Burak Özkan
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

AbstractPosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare but severe complication of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) in children. A 13-year old boy was diagnosed with APSGN based on clinical, laboratory, and renal biopsy findings. On the third hospital day, his blood pressure (BP) was 130/80 mm Hg on antihypertensive and diuretic treatment. He then developed confusion, blurry vision, and changes in speech and behavior. Over the next few hours, his BP increased to 160/90 to 170/90 mm Hg (99th percentile, 135/90 mm Hg). Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed prominent hyperintensities in the right temporal, right temporo-occipital, and right parieto-occipital gray, and white matter on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images, compatible with PRES (posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome). Electroencephalography showed generalized epileptiform activity. After treatment with anticonvulsant and additional antihypertensive medications, his clinical symptoms and neuroimaging findings were resolved. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with APSGN developing sudden neurological symptoms without severe increases in BP.

scholarly journals Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome presenting with atypical findings: case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4090
Author(s):  
Rakhi Gaur ◽  
Kalpana Thakur ◽  
Shiv Kumar Mudgal
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Kidney Functions

PRES (posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome) is a syndrome characterized by headache, confusion, seizures and altered mental status. A 26 years old woman came to emergency department with a history of hypertension, blurred vision and seizures. She was diagnosed as a G3P2L1 at 29 weeks + 1 day with IUGR with preeclampsia associated with deranged kidney functions later complicated by development of PRES. Patient underwent emergency LSCS and was kept on mechanical ventilator as condition worsened during immediate post-operative period. Dialysis was also done to regulate urea and creatinine levels. Patient was treated with anti-hypertensive, anti-epileptics, antibiotics, intravenous fluids and continuous monitoring of blood pressure. Patient’s condition improved gradually, and her discharge was planned. PRES is a condition, if managed in initial phase can lead to early recovery and reduce mortality. 

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome with spinal cord involvement as the first presentation of lupus nephritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Asghar Okhovat ◽  
Siamak Abdi ◽  
Farzad Fatehi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ◽  
Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery ◽  
Extensive Lesion ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

A 23-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency department with the history of headache, serial seizures, and decreased the level of consciousness from a week before. At admission, blood pressure was 230/170 mmHg, and creatinine level was 7.6 mg/dl. Initial brain and cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed hyperintense lesions on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) in bilateral occipital lobes and a longitudinally extensive lesion in the spinal cord (Figure 1, A-C). In the laboratory investigations, the level of anti-double stranded DNA was 45 IU/ml (normal < 10 IU/ml) and anti-nuclear antibody titer was high (> 1/160). Moreover, in renal biopsy, lupus nephritis was reported. Two weeks later, after hypertension treatment, the hyperintense signals wholly disappeared (Figure 1, D-F). Figure 1. Axial fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicating hypersignal lesions in parieto-occipital areas in favor of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) at admission (A, B); sagittal T2 cervical MRI demonstrating a longitudinally extensive lesion in the spinal cord at admission (C); two weeks later, the hyperintense signals had completely disappeared on the brain and spinal cord MRIs (D-F).

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