scholarly journals Cryotreated Intrahypothalamic Transplants of Neural Lobe, Sciatic Nerve or Optic Nerve Do Not Support Neurosecretory Axon Regeneration

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-277
Author(s):  
H. Dieter Dellmann ◽  
Jeanine Carithers
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Neural Lobe ◽  
Neurosecretory Axon

scholarly journals Intrahypothalamically Transected Neurosecretory Axons do not Regenerate in the Absence of Glial Cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-Dieter Dellmann ◽  
Jeanine Carithers
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Neural Lobe ◽  
Hypothalamic Area ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
Neurosecretory Axon

Fifteen days after transection of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract at the lateral retrochiasmatic hypothalamic area, neurosecretory axons had vigorously regenerated into transplants of explanted hypophysial neural lobe, to a lesser extent into sciatic nerve transplants, and least into optic nerve transplants. Regenerating axons were always closely associated with the specific glial cells of these grafts. When these glial cells were killed by cryotreatment prior to transplantation, neurosecretory axons did not regenerate into the abundant extracellular matrix of the transplants, including persisting basal lamina tubes in neural lobe and sciatic nerve grafts. The presence of viable glial cells is a prerequisite for neurosecretory axon regeneration.

Magnocellular neurosecretory axon regeneration into rat intrahypothalamic optic nerve allografts

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-D. Dellmann ◽  
L.-F. Lue ◽  
S. I. Bellin ◽  
M. Quassat
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Neurosecretory Axon

scholarly journals Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival and Axon Regeneration after Optic Nerve Transection is Driven by Cellular Intravitreal Sciatic Nerve Grafts

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1335
Author(s):  
Zubair Ahmed ◽  
Ellen L. Suggate ◽  
Ann Logan ◽  
Martin Berry
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Axon Growth ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Nerve Transection ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
Growth Inhibitory

Neurotrophic factors (NTF) secreted by Schwann cells in a sciatic nerve (SN) graft promote retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon regeneration after either transplantation into the vitreous body of the eye or anastomosis to the distal stump of a transected optic nerve. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective and growth stimulatory properties of SN grafts in which Schwann cells had been killed (acellular SN grafts, ASN) or remained intact (cellular SN grafts, CSN). We report that both intravitreal (ivit) implanted and optic nerve anastomosed CSN promote RGC survival and when simultaneously placed in both sites, they exert additive RGC neuroprotection. CSN and ASN were rich in myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and axon growth-inhibitory ligand common to both the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelin. The penetration of the few RGC axons regenerating into an ASN at an optic nerve transection (ONT) site is limited into the proximal perilesion area, but is increased >2-fold after ivit CSN implantation and increased 5-fold into a CSN optic nerve graft after ivit CSN implantation, potentiated by growth disinhibition through the regulated intramembranous proteolysis (RIP) of p75NTR (the signalling trans-membrane moiety of the nogo-66 trimeric receptor that binds MAG and associated suppression of RhoGTP). Mϋller cells/astrocytes become reactive after all treatments and maximally after simultaneous ivit and optic nerve CSN/ASN grafting. We conclude that simultaneous ivit CSN plus optic nerve CSN support promotes significant RGC survival and axon regeneration into CSN optic nerve grafts, despite being rich in axon growth inhibitory molecules. RGC axon regeneration is probably facilitated through RIP of p75NTR, which blinds axons to myelin-derived axon growth-inhibitory ligands present in optic nerve grafts.

Neuronal, but not glial Contactin 2, negatively regulates axon regeneration in the injured adult optic nerve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Savvaki ◽  
George Kafetzis ◽  
Stefanos‐Ioannis Kaplanis ◽  
Niki Ktena ◽  
Kostas Theodorakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Axon Regeneration

Continuation of fast axonal transport in regenerating axons in vitro

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1251-1255
Author(s):  
M. A. Bisby ◽  
C. E. Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Axonal Transport ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Fast Axonal Transport ◽  
Sensory Axons

A previous study by McLean and co-workers reported that regenerating axons of the rabbit vagus nerve were unable to sustain axonal transport in vitro for several months after nerve injury. In contrast, we found that sensory axons of the rat sciatic nerve were able to transport 3H-labeled protein into their regenerating portions distal to the site of injury within a week after injury when placed in vitro. Transport in vitro was not significantly less than transport in axons maintained in vivo for the same period. Transport occurred in the medium that was used by the McLean group, but was significantly reduced in calcium-free medium. When axon regeneration was delared, only small amounts of activity were present in the nerve distal to the site of injury, showing that labeled protein normally present in that part of the nerve was associated with axons and was not a result of local precursor uptake by nonneural elements in the sciatic nerve. We were not able to explain the failure of McLean and co-workers to demonstrate transport in vitro in regenerating vagus nerve, but we conclude that there is no general peculiarity of growing axons that makes them unable to sustain transport in vitro.

Unequivocal Regeneration of Rat Optic Nerve Axons into Sciatic Nerve Isografts

1986 ◽  
pp. 63-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Berry ◽  
Lowell Rees ◽  
Jobst Sievers
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Sciatic Nerve

scholarly journals Exosome-Mediated Delivery of the Neuroprotective Peptide PACAP38 Promotes Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival and Axon Regeneration in Rats With Traumatic Optic Neuropathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Wang ◽  
Yiming Li ◽  
Miao Guo ◽  
Xue Dong ◽  
Mengyu Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cell ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Traumatic Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Fiber Layer

Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) refers to optic nerve damage caused by trauma, leading to partial or complete loss of vision. The primary treatment options, such as hormonal therapy and surgery, have limited efficacy. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 38 (PACAP38), a functional endogenous neuroprotective peptide, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent. In this study, we used rat retinal ganglion cell (RGC) exosomes as nanosized vesicles for the delivery of PACAP38 loaded via the exosomal anchor peptide CP05 (EXOPACAP38). EXOPACAP38 showed greater uptake efficiency in vitro and in vivo than PACAP38. The results showed that EXOPACAP38 significantly enhanced the RGC survival rate and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in a rat TON model. Moreover, EXOPACAP38 significantly promoted axon regeneration and optic nerve function after injury. These findings indicate that EXOPACAP38 can be used as a treatment option and may have therapeutic implications for patients with TON.

Inhibition of miR-21 ameliorates excessive astrocyte activation and promotes axon regeneration following optic nerve crush

2018 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Jiang Li ◽  
Yuan-Bo Pan ◽  
Zhao-Liang Sun ◽  
Yi-Yu Sun ◽  
Xi-Tao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Axon Regeneration ◽  
Optic Nerve Crush ◽  
Astrocyte Activation ◽  
Nerve Crush
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