Abstract CT155: General pharmacodynamics algorithm-based clinical protocol design with two to three dose-data points for single-drug, and ten data points for two-drug-combination synergy quantification, using computer simulation for digitalized data analysis and conclusions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Chao Chou
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Drug Combination ◽  
Protocol Design ◽  
Clinical Protocol ◽  
Single Drug ◽  
Data Points

scholarly journals Effects of different combined regimens of cisplatin, metformin, and quercetin on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and subcutaneous xenografts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongwei Chen ◽  
Zhen Zeng ◽  
Shanshan Zhu ◽  
Ying Zeng ◽  
Qihuang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Nude Mice ◽  
Drug Combination ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Single Drug ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Subcutaneous Xenograft ◽  
Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Combination Regimens

AbstractCisplatin, metformin, and quercetin are all reliable anticancer drugs. However, it is unclear how effective their different combination regimens are on the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line Sune-1 and subcutaneous xenograft in nude mice. This study evaluated the effects of single-drug, two-drug, and three-drug simultaneous or sequential combined application of these drugs on the growth of Sune-1 cells and subcutaneous xenograft tumors in nude mice. The results showed that the different combination regimens of cisplatin, metformin and quercetin all had significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation of Sune-1 cells and the growth of subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice (P < 0.01), and the inhibition rate of the three drugs simultaneous combined application was significant Higher than the two-drug combination or single-drug application (P < 0.05), the contribution level of each drug in the three-drug combination application from high to low were cisplatin > metformin > quercetin. In summary, our results indicate that the simultaneous combination of cisplatin, metformin, and quercetin may synergistically inhibit the growth of Sune-1 cells and subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice through their different anticancer mechanisms, which may be clinically refractory and provide reference for chemotherapy of patients with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Anomaly Detection for Inferring Social Structure

2010 ◽  
pp. 1797-1803
Author(s):  
Lisa Friedland
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Anomaly Detection ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Detection Approach ◽  
Complex Data Sets ◽  
Data Points

In traditional data analysis, data points lie in a Cartesian space, and an analyst asks certain questions: (1) What distribution can I fit to the data? (2) Which points are outliers? (3) Are there distinct clusters or substructure? Today, data mining treats richer and richer types of data. Social networks encode information about people and their communities; relational data sets incorporate multiple types of entities and links; and temporal information describes the dynamics of these systems. With such semantically complex data sets, a greater variety of patterns can be described and views constructed of the data. This article describes a specific social structure that may be present in such data sources and presents a framework for detecting it. The goal is to identify tribes, or small groups of individuals that intentionally coordinate their behavior—individuals with enough in common that they are unlikely to be acting independently. While this task can only be conceived of in a domain of interacting entities, the solution techniques return to the traditional data analysis questions. In order to find hidden structure (3), we use an anomaly detection approach: develop a model to describe the data (1), then identify outliers (2).

The Role and Characteristics of Tactile Graphics in Secondary Mathematics and Science Textbooks in Braille

2012 ◽  
Vol 106 (9) ◽  
pp. 543-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derrick W. Smith ◽  
Sinikka M. Smothers
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Secondary Mathematics ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Science Textbooks ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Mathematics And Science ◽  
Tactile Graphics

IntroductionThe purpose of the study presented here was to determine how well tactile graphics (specifically data analysis graphs) in secondary mathematics and science braille textbooks correlated with the print graphics.MethodA content analysis was conducted on 598 separate data analysis graphics from 10 mathematics and science textbooks. The researchers (the authors) cross-validated the findings through a comparative analysis of the tactile graphics of five shared textbooks.ResultsDiscrepancies were found between the print graphic and the tactile graphic in 12.5% of the sample. The most common discrepancy was differences in how data lines and data points were individualized in the print graphic compared to the tactile graphic. On the basis of the reviews of the graphics, the researchers answered a 5-point Likert-scale question (from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree) asking if the “tactile graphic is a valid representation of the print graphic.” The overall score for the sample was 3.71 (SD = 1.60), with a Krippendorff alpha of 0.6328 (the measure of disagreement and alpha > 0.70 are consider moderate).DiscussionThe findings demonstrate that while the majority of tactile graphics have good correlations to their print counterparts, there is still room for improvement. Some transcribers omitted a tactile graphic without providing a reason. Forty graphics (6.7%) were omitted from the braille transcription. Two textbooks were missing more than 85% of the tactile graphics of the data graphs.Implications for PractitionersTactile graphics in math and science books are important for a student to understand. Although most transcribers do an excellent job of creating valid tactile graphics, problems with many graphics still exist in textbooks. Practitioners need constantly to review the tactile graphics that are used in all classrooms and be prepared to create their own if needed.

scholarly journals A User’s Guide to Topological Data Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Munch
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Topological Data Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Persistence Diagram ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Good For ◽  
Topological Data

Topological data analysis (TDA) is a collection of powerful tools that can quantify shape and structure in data in order to answer questions from the data’s domain. This is done by representing some aspect of the structure of the data in a simplified topological signature. In this article, we introduce two of the most commonly used topological signatures. First, the persistence diagram represents loops and holes in the space by considering connectivity of the data points for a continuum of values rather than a single fixed value. The second topological signature, the mapper graph, returns a 1-dimensional structure representing the shape of the data, and is particularly good for exploration and visualization of the data. While these techniques are based on very sophisticated mathematics, the current ubiquity of available software means that these tools are more accessible than ever to be applied to data by researchers in education and learning, as well as all domain scientists.

scholarly journals Pairwise Efficiency: A new mathematical approach to qPCR data analysis increases the precision of the classical calibration curve assay

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Panina ◽  
Arno Germond ◽  
Brit G. David ◽  
Tomonobu M. Watanabe ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Expression Ratio ◽  
Qpcr Data ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
New Formula

ABSTRACTThe real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is routinely used for quantification of nucleic acids and is considered the gold standard in the field of relative nucleic acid measurements. The efficiency of the qPCR reaction is one of the most important parameters that needs to be determined, reported, and incorporated into data analysis in any qPCR experiment. The Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments (MIQE) guidelines recognize the calibration curve as the method of choice for estimation of qPCR efficiency. The precision of this method has been reported to be between SD=0.007 (3 replicates) and SD=0.022 (no replicates). In this manuscript we present a novel approach to analysing qPCR data obtained by running a dilution series. Unlike previously developed methods, our method relies on a new formula that describes pairwise relationships between data points on separate amplification curves and thus operates extensive statistics (hundreds of estimations). The comparison of our method with classical calibration curve by Monte Carlo simulation shows that our approach can almost double the precision of efficiency and gene expression ratio estimations on the same dataset.

Abstract 4948: PET/CT clinical protocol design for the novel, first in class 68Ga labeled guanylyl cyclase C targeted peptide MLN6907 ([68Ga]MLN6907)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Y. Hesterman ◽  
Kelly D. Orcutt ◽  
Ozlem Yardibi ◽  
Jerome T. Mettetal ◽  
Shu-Wen Teng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guanylyl Cyclase ◽  
Protocol Design ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Guanylyl Cyclase C ◽  
Clinical Protocol ◽  
Pet Ct
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