Risk Factors for Spontaneous Preterm Birth: A Northern Italian Multicenter Case-Control Study

ABSTRACTBackgroundCerebral palsy is the main cause of physical disability in childhood.ObjectivesThis study analyzed prenatal and perinatal risk factors that contribute to cerebral palsy in Brazilian children.MethodsA case-control study was conducted with 2- to 10-year-old children in the city of Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil. The cases were population-based, selected from the Primary Health Care services. The controls were selected from the database of the Brazilian Live Births Information System. Controls were paired with cases by gender, year, and hospital of birth.ResultsA total of 570 participants (114 cases and 456 controls) were studied. Most of the participants were male, with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy. Among the prenatal factors examined, the presence of congenital anomalies was significantly different between cases and controls (OR = 54.28, [95% CI 12.55, 234.86]). The analysis of perinatal factors revealed significant differences between cases and controls in low birth weight (OR = 3.8, [95% CI 2.34, 6.16]), preterm birth (OR = 2.31, [95% CI 1.41, 3.80]), and low Apgar scores (OR = 14.73, [95% CI 5.27, 41.15]).ConclusionsThe main prenatal and perinatal factors associated with cerebral palsy in our population were congenital anomalies, low Apgar scores, low birth weight, and preterm birth. The perinatal period had more risk factors, demanding a deeper study of their causes and of possible preventive measures.

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Adverse childhood experiences are associated with spontaneous preterm birth: a case–control study

BMC Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12916-015-0353-0 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Inge Christiaens ◽

Kathleen Hegadoren ◽

David M Olson

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Control Study

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Does Low Maternal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Elevate the Risk of Spontaneous Preterm Birth? A Nested Case–Control Study in China

Environmental Science & Technology ◽

10.1021/acs.est.0c01930 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (13) ◽

pp. 8259-8268 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiaotu Liu ◽

Da Chen ◽

Bin Wang ◽

Fangping Xu ◽

Yiming Pang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Maternal Exposure ◽

Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽

Polyfluoroalkyl Substances ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

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Sleep duration, vital exhaustion, and odds of spontaneous preterm birth: a case–control study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/1471-2393-14-337 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Sandhya Kajeepeta ◽

Sixto E Sanchez ◽

Bizu Gelaye ◽

Chunfang Qiu ◽

Yasmin V Barrios ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽

Vital Exhaustion ◽

Control Study

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Spontaneous preterm birth: A case-control study

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/0002-9378(91)90352-r ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 165 (5) ◽

pp. 1290-1296 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ine de Haas ◽

Bernard L. Harlow ◽

Daniel W. Cramer ◽

Fredric D. Frigoletto

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽

Control Study

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Prevalence, Risk Factors and Outcome of Preterm Births at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), Maiduguri, Nigeria: A 2-year Case-Control Study

International Journal of Research and Review ◽

10.52403/ijrr.20210610 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 67-73

Author(s):

Obetta Hillary Ikechukwu ◽

Babagana Bako ◽

Nweze Sylvester Onuegunam

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Birth Outcome ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Case Control ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

The Mean ◽

Control Study

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing societies like Nigeria. It poses huge long-term medical and financial burdens for the affected children, their families, the health care system and society at large. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and birth outcome of PTB at UMTH, Nigeria. Methodology: A two-year case-control study of cases of preterm births at the UMTH, from 1st January, 2016 to 31st December, 2017 was undertaken. For each PTB, the next term delivery was taken as control. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors, gestational ages at presentation and delivery, and birth outcome were obtained from the women’s case files with proforma and compared with that of the control. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software Version 23. The statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results: During the period under review, there were 6,171 deliveries and preterm births constituted 291 births giving a prevalence rate of 4.7% or 47 per 1000 deliveries. The mean ages for the cases and controls were similar 26.4± 6.1 vs 26.5± 5.3 with (F=0.15, P=0.7) while the mean parity were 3.0±2.6 and 3.2±2.5 with (F=4.6, P=0.03). Nulliparity was commoner among the cases 61(24.6%) compared to the controls 34(13..7%) with X2 = 9.69, P=0.001. Similarly, 96(38.7%) of the cases were unbooked compared to 44(17.7%) among the conrols X2 = 26.9, P=0.000. About 20% of the cases had no formal education compared to 13% of the control. Preterm birth was associated with unbooking status (OR=1.82, CI: 1.40-2.36), nulliparity (OR = 2.05, CI: 1.29-3.26), previous preterm delivery (OR = 95.2, CI: 13.10-691.99) and pregnancy induced hypertension (OR = 25.45, CI: 9.13-70.92). Antepartum haemorrhage (OR = 13.89, CI: 4.92-39.25), twin gestation (OR = 18.18, CI: 2.40-137.68), Polyhydramnios (OR = 2.02, CI: 1.85-2.22) and PROM (OR = 5.39, CI: 2.87-10.15) were other risk factors independently associated with PTB. The perinatal mortality in PTB was 43(16.2%). Conclusion: The prevalence rate of PTB at the UMTH is 4.7% and is associated with previous PTB, unbooked status, twin gestation, polyhydramnious, APH and PIH. Efforts should be intensified on educating women of reproductive age group on the benefits of antenatal booking in pregnancy and quality antenatal care as this would provide ample opportunity for early detection and proper management of women at risk. Keywords: Preterm birth, Risk factors, Neonatal outcome, Maiduguri.

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Gut microbial-related metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide and its precursor L-carnitine are associated with spontaneous preterm birth: a nested case-control study

10.21203/rs.2.19391/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Xing Chen ◽

Ning Huang ◽

Chaoqun Liu ◽

Yue Chen ◽

Lulu Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Preterm Labor ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Maternal Serum ◽

Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Related Metabolite ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: Gut microbiota has been proven to disease susceptibility and may lead to increased risk of preterm birth. To date, the link of gut microbial-related metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), L-carnitine, and betaine, with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) has not been established. This study aimed to investigate the association of TMAO, L-carnitine and betaine, with sPTB risk. Methods: A nested case-control study was designed including 129 sPTB cases and 258 controls based on Guangxi Birth Cohort Study. TMAO, L-carnitine, and betaine level in maternal serum were determined by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between maternal serum metabolites and sPTB. Stratified analyses were further conducted according to BMI and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. Spline analyses were performed to explore the dose-response relationship between the metabolites and sPTB.Results: Statistically significant association with decreased sPTB risk was observed for the highest L-carnitine (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.95). In risk analyses stratified by BMI, similar results were observed in normal weight gravida (BMI: 18.5~23.9 kg/cm2). The significant subtype-specific association with TMAO (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.93) and L-carnitine (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.97) were observed for preterm labor but not PPROM. Spline regression analysis indicated non-linear associations with TMAO and sPTB risk (P for nonlinearity: 0.057). Significant associations of TMAO with sPTB were observed in normal weight gravida (P = 0.028) and preterm labor subtype (P = 0.025). No statistically significant associations with sPTB risk were observed for betaine (P > 0.05).Conclusions: TMAO and L-carnitine levels in maternal serum are inversely linked with sPTB risk. Discovery of the association between gut-microbiota initiated TMAO metabolism and sPTB may open new avenues for diagnose and therapy.

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Assessing the risk factors of preterm births in Kurdistan, Iran: a case-control study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-32989/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Siros Hemmatpour ◽

Majid Mansori ◽

Ghobad Moradi ◽

Shobo Sheikhahmadi ◽

Batool Bagheri

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Case Control ◽

Blood Type ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Term Infants ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background Preterm birth is one of the most common causes of mortality in infants. Despite advances in health care and better access to health services in many countries, preterm birth has increased over the past two decades. Methods This case control study was conducted on two groups with 100 participants including 100 preterm infants (case) and 100 term infants (control) with gender match in Kurdistan Province-Iran in 2018. The required information was collected from medical files and interviewing the mothers as to demographical information, midwifery specifications, background diseases, disease over pregnancy term, and infants’ information. Conditional logistic regression test was used to estimate the final model and compute the risk ratio. Results Multivariate regression analysis showed that the risk of preterm birth in individual with AB blood type was higher (OR=5.04; 95% CI 1.40-18.08). In addition, the risk of preterm birth was higher in the mothers with a history of stillbirth (OR=13.63; 95% CI 1.39-133.5). Preterm birth was significantly related to the history of birth diseases, history of pregnancy diseases, and using medicine for specific diseases during pregnancy. Conclusions Blood type of mother, history of still birth, history of birth disease, history of pregnancy diseases, using medicines for specific diseases, and history of preterm birth were the risk factors of preterm birth. These factors need to be taken into account before and during pregnancy. Paying more attention to these factors attenuates the rate of preterm birth and premature infants and in turn the mortality rate of infants and mothers.

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