Systemic Factors and Renal Hemodynamic Effects of High-Protein Meal versus Low-Protein Meal in Conscious Dogs

1. The effect of meals with a high and low protein content and of the fasting state on renal function and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide was studied in water-loaded normal volunteers. 2. Creatinine clearance increased after the high protein meal, but did not change after the low protein meal or while fasting. Observations of similar increases in urine sodium and potassium excretion and a transient decrease in urine flow after both meals suggest that the protein content of the meal is not an important contributory factor in these responses to feeding. 3. Absolute delivery of sodium and water out of the proximal tubules (assessed by the lithium clearance method) was higher after both meals than while fasting; fractional lithium clearance was higher after the low protein meal than the high protein meal and while fasting. Absolute reabsorption from proximal tubules was increased after only the high protein meal. 4. A transient decrease in the fraction of water delivered to distal nephron segments that appeared in the urine (fractional distal water excretion) was observed after both meals. Fractional distal sodium excretion and absolute distal sodium and water reabsorption increased after both meals. 5. Since plasma atrial natriuretic peptide either decreased (high protein meal) or remained unchanged (low protein meal and fasting), it is unlikely that this hormone is involved in the hyperfiltration after the high protein meal and the natriuresis after both high and low protein meals.

Download Full-text

Increased serum sulfate after protein loading in adult humans

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y91-004 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 25-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

David E. C. Cole ◽

Anne M. Thurgood ◽

Susan J. Whiting

Keyword(s):

Sulfur Metabolism ◽

High Protein ◽

Protein Meal ◽

Protein Loading ◽

Low Protein ◽

High Protein Meal ◽

Protein Feeding ◽

Sulfate Metabolism ◽

Adult Volunteers ◽

Serum Sulfate

To determine the effects of a protein loading on sulfate metabolism in humans, we monitored serum sulfate concentrations in 12 fasting adult volunteers fed a high-protein meal of egg white and an isocaloric low-protein meal. With each subject serving as his or her own control, we found that mean serum sulfate rose only slightly with the low-protein meal but was significantly higher with high-protein loading at 3 and 3.5 h. The median of the peak sulfate concentration was 57% greater than baseline with the high-protein meal versus 11% with no loading. Since changes in serum sulfate have been shown to influence the rate of sulfation for a variety of different acceptor molecules, these observations indicate a means by which protein feeding may simultaneously influence diverse metabolic pathways.Key words: serum sulfate, protein intake, sulfur metabolism, human dietary studies.

Download Full-text

Consumption of a High-Protein Meal Replacement Leads to Higher Fat Oxidation, Suppression of Hunger, and Improved Metabolic Profile After an Exercise Session

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13010155 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 155

Author(s):

Camila L. P. Oliveira ◽

Normand G. Boulé ◽

Aloys Berg ◽

Arya M. Sharma ◽

Sarah A. Elliott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Profile ◽

Fat Oxidation ◽

High Protein ◽

Whole Body ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Exercise Session ◽

Meal Replacement ◽

Protein Meal ◽

High Protein Meal ◽

The Impact

The aim of this study was to compare the impact of a high-protein meal replacement (HP-MR) versus a control (CON) breakfast on exercise metabolism. In this acute, randomized controlled, cross-over study, participants were allocated into two isocaloric arms: (a) HP-MR: 30% carbohydrate, 43% protein, and 27% fat; (b) CON: 55% carbohydrate, 15% protein, and 30% fat. Following breakfast, participants performed a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise while inside a whole-body calorimetry unit. Energy expenditure, macronutrient oxidation, appetite sensations, and metabolic blood markers were assessed. Forty-three healthy, normal-weight adults (24 males) participated. Compared to the CON breakfast, the HP-MR produced higher fat oxidation (1.07 ± 0.33 g/session; p = 0.003) and lower carbohydrate oxidation (−2.32 ± 0.98 g/session; p = 0.023) and respiratory exchange ratio (−0.01 ± 0.00; p = 0.003) during exercise. After exercise, increases in hunger were lower during the HP-MR condition. Changes in blood markers from the fasting state to post-exercise during the HP-MR condition were greater for insulin, peptide tyrosine-tyrosine, and glucagon-like peptide 1, and lower for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and glycerol. Our primary findings were that an HP-MR produced higher fat oxidation during the exercise session, suppression of hunger, and improved metabolic profile after it.

Download Full-text

The effect of meal composition on the degree of satiation following a test meal and possible mechanisms involved

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19880116 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 441-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Christopher J. I. Driver

Keyword(s):

Time Course ◽

Dry Weight ◽

High Fat ◽

Point Scale ◽

Protein Meal ◽

Low Protein ◽

Gut Hormone ◽

High Protein Meal ◽

Milk Solids ◽

Meal Composition

1. Possible links between metabolism and satiation were investigated using volunteer subjects given test meals based on milk solids. Satisfaction was rated by the subjects on a six-point scale and the course of metabolism was followed by measurement of the respiratory quotient (RQ).2. The time-course of satiation was the same for a high-carbohydrate, a high-fat and a high-protein meal, in spite of the very different time-course of metabolism. The degree of satiation was reduced by added sodium chloride, without affecting the RQ rise. On the other hand, calcium chloride produced a suppression of the RQ rise without altering the satiation.3. It is proposed that the results indicate that the primary receptors responsible for post-prandial satiation lie within the gut wall and that there is probably a number of receptor types. Likely candidates for these receptors are the gut hormone-secreting cells.4. Although very-low-protein meals produce less satiation than meals containing 220 g protein/kg dry weight, there is no additional satiation obtained by increasing the protein level further. This is not inconsistent with the possibility of a protein hunger separate from an energy hunger.

Download Full-text

Renal Haemodynamic and Hormonal Responses to a Mixed High-Protein Meal in Normal Men

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/4.8.683 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 4 (8) ◽

pp. 683-690 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

C. P. Swainson ◽

R. J. Walker

Keyword(s):

High Protein ◽

Hormonal Responses ◽

Protein Meal ◽

High Protein Meal ◽

Normal Men

Download Full-text

Effect of a high protein meal on the bioavailability of verapamil.

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb05202.x ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 337-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

BG Woodcock ◽

N. Kraemer ◽

N. Rietbrock

Keyword(s):

High Protein ◽

Protein Meal ◽

High Protein Meal

Download Full-text

Rapid stimulation of the hepatic glycine-cleavage system in rats fed on a single high-protein meal

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj2830441 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 283 (2) ◽

pp. 441-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

H S Ewart ◽

M Jois ◽

J T Brosnan

Keyword(s):

High Protein Diet ◽

High Protein ◽

Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽

Casein Diet ◽

Glycine Cleavage System ◽

Protein Meal ◽

High Protein Meal ◽

Protein Feeding ◽

Glycine Cleavage ◽

Stimulation Of

Glycine catabolism was studied in isolated rat liver mitochondria by measuring the release of 14CO2 from [1-14C]glycine. Mitochondria isolated from rats fed on a high-protein (60% casein) diet for 5 days showed an enhanced ability to catabolize glycine compared with mitochondria from rats fed on a normal-protein (15% casein) diet. Glycine catabolism was also stimulated in normal protein-fed rats if they ingested a single high-protein meal for 2 h before being killed, thus illustrating the rapid response of the glycine-cleavage system to protein intake. The stimulation of glycine catabolism in rats given a high-protein diet or meal was not evident if the mitochondria were incubated in the absence of P(i) (omitting ADP had no effect on the rate). Mitochondria from high-protein- and normal-protein-fed rats did not differ in their ability to accumulate glycine, a process which occurred far too rapidly to impose a limit on the rate of flux through the glycine-cleavage system. The stimulation of glycine catabolism by high-protein feeding was not associated with a change in mitochondrial matrix volume. Furthermore, mitochondria from rats fed on a high-protein meal maintained an enhanced ability to catabolize glycine compared with those from rats fed on a normal-protein meal when incubated in hypo-osmotic solutions of very low osmolarity. When mitochondria from high-protein- or normal-protein-fed rats were maximally activated by incubation in the presence of 0.25 microM-Ca2+, the rates of glycine catabolism were high, but similar, showing that the stimulation of glycine catabolism by high-protein feeding does not involve an increase in the total capacity of the system. These findings show that hepatic glycine catabolism is stimulated rapidly by high-protein feeding, a response that we suggest is involved in the disposal of the excess glycine in the diet.

Download Full-text