Optical Estimation of Beta 2 Microglobulin during Hemodiafiltration - Does It Work?

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Uhlin ◽  
Jana Holmar ◽  
Pia Yngman-Uhlin ◽  
Anders Fernström ◽  
Ivo Fridolin
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Relative Error ◽  
The Other ◽  
Uv Absorbance ◽  
Dialysis Dose ◽  
Spent Dialysate ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Surrogate Substances

Background: Currently, urea reduction seems to be the most widely used dialysis dose parameter. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility to monitor beta 2-microglobulin (β2-M) elimination by utilizing the ultraviolet (UV) absorbance of spent dialysate. Methods: Blood and spent dialysate were collected during two week's sessions in 8 patients, one week in hemodialysis (HD) and one in hemodiafiltration (HDF). Correlation analysis between UV-wavelengths and concentrations of solutes in spent dialysate was performed. The reduction ratio (RR) of concentrations in blood, dialysate and UV-absorbance were compared. Results: Differences between HD and HDF were discovered in wavelength correlation maxima for the solutes. Relative error in RR (%) was larger (p < 0.05) for β2-M than for the other solutes. The most reasonable explanation is that β2-M does not absorb UV-radiation; instead, the absorbance of surrogate substances is measured. Conclusion: A high correlation between UV-absorbance and β2-M can be achieved for HDF but not for HD. Still, UV-absorbance could perhaps be used in solely HDF mode for estimation of β2-M removal.

Beta 2-microglobulin Removal by Synthetic Dialysis Membranes. Mechanisms and Kinetics of the Molecule

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ronco ◽  
A. Heifetz ◽  
K. Fox ◽  
C. Curtin ◽  
A. Brendolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detergent Solution ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Synthetic Membranes ◽  
Spent Dialysate ◽  
Dialysis Membranes ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Kinetics Of

Beta 2-microglobulin (ß2-m) accumulation represents a possible complication of long term dialysis. It is therefore important to evaluate the capacity of removal of this molecule from the patient by different dialysis membranes. The present study is aimed at evaluating the mechanisms involved in ß2-m removal by three different synthetic membranes: a) highly asymmetric hydrophobic polysulfone (Biosulfane, NMC), b) moderately asymmetric and hydrophobic polysulfone (PS600, Fresenius), c) Polyacylonitrile (AN69HF, Hospal). The adsorption capacity and sieving coefficients of the three membranes for native and labeled ß2-m were studied in vitro utilizing human blood. The amount adsorbed by the membrane was measured by the elution of the molecule obtained with a detergent solution. Clearances, total removal and membrane adsorption were studied in six patients treated in a randomized sequence with the three membranes. For this purpose, plasma and dialysate measurements as well as total collection of spent dialysate and ß2-m elution from the used dialyzers were carried out. Ex novo generation of ß2-m did not take place during in vitro circulation. The molecule was removed by the studied membranes both by filtration and adsorption. The Biosulfane membrane removed ß2-m mostly by adsorption while the PS600 membrane removed ß2-m almost entirely by filtration. Intermediate behaviour was shown by AN69 membrane. Similar quantities of ß2-m were removed from the patients with the three membranes. Total removal could only be precisely measured by adding the quantity of ß2-m eluted from the membrane to the amount recovered in the spent dialysate. Out of total removal, adsorption was more than 90% with Biosulfane, while only 5% with the PS600. These findings contribute to the understanding of the discrepancy found between the clearance measured from the plasma side and that measured from the dialysate side. In conclusion, clearance and sieving measurements for ß2-m cannot be correctly performed unless the capacity of adsorption of the membrane is taken into account.

Beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) is an independent prognostic factor for clinical outcomes in patients with CLL treated with frontline fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) regardless of age, creatinine clearance (CrCl)

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7034-7034 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Tsimberidou ◽  
C. Tam ◽  
W. Wierda ◽  
S. O' Brien ◽  
S. Lerner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adverse Prognostic Factor ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Independent Adverse Prognostic Factor

7034 Introduction: High β2M levels are a risk factor in CLL. PCR therapy has been reported to be better tolerated than FCR in older or with decrease renal function pts (Shanafelt, Blood 108:15a). We assessed the association between age, CrCl, PS, β2M and outcomes in pts treated with FCR. Methods: From 7/99 to 1/04, 300 pts received rituximab 375 mg/m2 D1; fludarabine 25 mg/m2/d D2–3; and cyclophosphamide 250 mg/m2/d D2–3. Serum β2M levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. CrCl was calculated (Cockcroft-Gault equation). Results: The median age was 57 yrs (≥70, 14%). Age ≥70 was associated with fewer FCR courses (p<.0001); lower rates of CR (p=.001), overall response (OR; p=.04), survival (OS; p<.0001), and FFS (p=.008); and higher rates of G3–4 thrombopenia (p<.0001) or anemia (p=.002) compared with age<70. The median CrCl was 90 mL/min (CrCl <70, 27%). Pts with CrCl <70 had higher rates of G3–4 thrombopenia (p=.006) or anemia (p=.01) than others. There were no differences between the 2 groups in the other outcomes. PS was 0 in 40%, 1 in 57%, and 2 in 3% of pts. Better PS was associated with higher rates of CR (p=.007) and FFS (p=.02) but did not affect OR or OS. The median β2M level was 3.7 mg/L (β2M ≥ 4, 43%). The rates of CR, survival, and FFS were lower in pts with β2M ≥ 4 compared with others (p<.0001 each). High β2M levels were associated with older age, lower CrCl levels, poorer PS (p<.0001 each), higher rates of G3–4 neutropenia (p=.005), thrombocytopenia (p=.01), and infections (p=.03), and fewer FCR courses (p=.004). The median follow-up was 5 yrs. The rates of CR, 3-yr OS and 3-yr FFS were 72%, 87% and 76%, respectively. Independent factors predicting response were lower β2M (p=.0004) and lower WBC counts (p=.02). Independent factors predicting longer OS were younger age (p=.001), lower β2M (p=.003) and lower WBC (p=.03). Independent factors predicting longer FFS were lower β2M levels (p=.0006), and lower WBC counts (p=.005). Conclusion: Age ≥70 yrs and poor PS, but not CrCl level were associated with poor clinical outcomes. High β2M levels are an independent adverse prognostic factor for CR, OS, and FFS in the context of other prognostic factors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Simultaneous Plasma Determination of CEA, HCG-Beta and Beta-2-Microglobulin in Patients with Nontrophoblastic Tumors

1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Ruibal ◽  
Juan Gultresa
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Of Independence ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin

With the object of studying the possible usefulness of the simultaneous plasma determination of CEA, HCG-beta and beta 2-microglobulin in patients with nontrophoblastic tumors, we measured by radioimmonoassay the concentrations of these substances in 77 patients with normal renal function. In the group without metastases (32 cases), the percentages of positivities were low and similar for the 3 tumor markers. In the group with metastases (45 cases), the χ2 test of independence between each of the 2 markers at a level of 95 % showed a relationship between the results obtained in the determination of HCG-beta and beta 2-microglobulin, as well as an independence between CEA and HCG-beta results and CEA and beta 2-microglobulin results. These data suggest the utility of determining CEA with only 1 of the other 2 antigens in disseminated tumors.

UV ability to inactivate microorganisms combined with factors affecting radiation

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Shaban ◽  
G. E. El-Taweel ◽  
G. H. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Scenedesmus Obliquus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Dark Repair ◽  
Nile Water

In the present study, the effect of UV radiation on the inactivation of a range of microorganisms was studied. Each organism was seeded into sterile tap water and exposed to UV in batch experiments with changing turbidities. In addition, the effect of UV on microbial communities in river Nile water was examined. It was found that 1min contact time (0.5L/min flow rate) was effective against vegetative cells levels almost reaching zero (except with Staphylococcus aureus). On the other hand, spore-forming bacteria, Candida albicans and coliphage were more resistant to UV. This contact time caused coenobia cells in single form with Scenedesmus obliquus while for Microcystis aeruginosa colonies broke into smaller groups. Exposure of Nile water microbial communities to UV showed that yeasts and Aeromonas survived better than the other organisms while in the phytoplankton partial fragmentation occurred in some algal groups. The protective effect of turbidity differed between organisms, with increased contact time under conditions of stable turbidity having no effect on the organisms. At 20 NTU the UV radiation had no effect on the morphological characters of algal cells. In reactivation experiments, it is clear that photoreactivation, and not dark repair, takes place with bacterial cells. Only coliphage had no photoreactivation and dark repair responses although with coliphage and host, both reactivation processes worked well. Moreover, the irradiated algae regained their normal shape after 3 days in suitable media and enough light.

Serial Quantification of Urinary Protein Biomarkers to Predict Drug-induced Acute Kidney Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 656-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Da ◽  
K. Akalya ◽  
Tanusya Murali ◽  
Anantharaman Vathsala ◽  
Chuen-Seng Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Tubular Dysfunction ◽  
Renal Tubular Dysfunction ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin

Background: : Drug-induced Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) develops in 10-15% of patients who receive nephrotoxic medications. Urinary biomarkers of renal tubular dysfunction may detect nephrotoxicity early and predict AKI. Methods:: We prospectively studied patients who received aminoglycosides, vancomycin, amphotericin, or calcineurin inhibitors, and collected their serial urine while on therapy. Patients who developed drug-induced AKI (fulfilling KDIGO criteria) were matched with non-AKI controls in a 1:2 ratio. Their urine samples were batch-analyzed at time-intervals leading up to AKI onset; the latter benchmarked against the final day of nephrotoxic therapy in non- AKI controls. Biomarkers examined include clusterin, beta-2-microglobulin, KIM1, MCP1, cystatin-C, trefoil-factor- 3, NGAL, interleukin-18, GST-Pi, calbindin, and osteopontin; biomarkers were normalized with corresponding urine creatinine. Results:: Nine of 84 (11%) patients developed drug-induced AKI. Biomarkers from 7 AKI cases with pre-AKI samples were compared with those from 14 non-AKI controls. Corresponding mean ages were 55(±17) and 52(±16) years; baseline eGFR were 99(±21) and 101(±24) mL/min/1.73m2 (all p=NS). Most biomarker levels peaked before the onset of AKI. Median levels of 5 biomarkers were significantly higher in AKI cases than controls at 1-3 days before AKI onset (all µg/mmol): clusterin [58(8-411) versus 7(3-17)], beta-2-microglobulin [1632(913-3823) versus 253(61-791)], KIM1 [0.16(0.13-0.76) versus 0.07(0.05-0.15)], MCP1 [0.40(0.16-1.90) versus 0.07(0.04-0.17)], and cystatin-C [33(27-2990) versus 11(7-19)], all p<0.05; their AUROC for AKI prediction were >0.80 (confidence intervals >0.50), with average accuracy highest for clusterin (86%), followed by beta-2-microglobulin, cystatin-C, MCP1, and KIM1 (57%) after cross-validation. Conclusion: : Serial surveillance of these biomarkers could improve the lead time for nephrotoxicity detection by days.

Theiler's virus infection of beta 2-microglobulin-deficient mice.

1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 589-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Fiette ◽  
C Aubert ◽  
M Brahic ◽  
C P Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Theiler's Virus ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽  
Deficient Mice
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