Report on the Increase of Lead Poisoning as Revealed by Laboratory and X-Ray Examinations

2015 ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Max Wachstein
Keyword(s):  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
X Ray

RAPID PROTOPORPHYRIN QUANTITATION FOR DETECTION OF LEAD POISONING

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-631
Author(s):  
Larry P. Kammholz ◽  
L. Gilbert Thatcher ◽  
Frederic M. Blodgett ◽  
Thomas A. Good
Keyword(s):  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluorescent Method ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Fluorescence Test

A rapid fluorescent method for estimation of free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) is described. Simple ethyl acetate-glacial acetic acid extractions are performed, fluorescence quantitated in a fluorimeter and expressed numerically by comparison with known coproporphyrin standards. Fifty-six children were studied and the extent of lead poisoning was evaluated initially and at different follow-up intervals. A clear relationship was shown between FEP fluorescence and blood lead levels. A correlation was also seen for the intensity of fluorescence and evidence for increased absorption of lead, as estimated by x-ray evidence of ingested lead and deposits in bone. Children with iron deficiency anemia also showed elevations of FEP fluorescence. This FEP fluorescence test allows for a rapid, numerical determination which appears to be useful as a screening test for lead intoxication. It can quickly select patients that may have markedly increased lead absorption and need prompt therapy or select those that at least require further studies for possible lead exposure or the presence of anemia.

Lead in the Bones of Prehistoric Lead-glaze Potters

1964 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul Jarcho
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Experimental Series ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Control Series ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Lead Glaze

AbstractIn 1932 Haury described lead-glaze pottery from the Southwest. In view of his report, it appeared desirable to find out whether the makers of such pottery suffered from lead poisoning. A series of 46 bone specimens from Kinishba, where lead-glaze pottery was made, and a control series of 33 specimens from Point of Pines, where such pottery is not known to have been made, were screened by X-ray and by X-ray diffraction. The 11 most promising specimens were then analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Lead was found in quantities believed to be below the toxic range; concentrations in the control series from Point of Pines were, with few exceptions, higher than in the experimental series from Kinishba.

TO TAP OR NOT TO TAP (Further Comments)

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-561
Author(s):  
Randolph K. Byers
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cerebellar Abscess ◽  
Technetium Scan ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Increased Pressure

To my mind, the suspicion of a cerebral or cerebellar abscess is a contraindication to lumbar puncture until and unless technetium scan and electroencephalogram are both negative. In brain abscess, more than in any other lesion, severe and unpleasant lumbar puncture reactions have been particularly likely to occur. I suppose distortion of the brain rather than increased pressure alone may add to the risks. Two general situations seem to me also to contradicate lumbar puncture. One is the suspicion of lead poisoning with encephalopathy. We have here for several years absolutely interdicted lumbar punctures when this diagnosis is under suspicion, pending estimations of blood lead or x-ray examinations of the gastrointestinal tract for lead chips.

Leading Poisoning from Ingestion of Lead Shot

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-643
Author(s):  
Joseph Greensher ◽  
Howard C. Mofenson ◽  
C. Balakrishnan ◽  
Anwer Aleem
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Lead Shot ◽  
Heavy Metal Poisoning ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Classic Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Metal Poisoning ◽  
Unusual Occurrence

A case of lead poisoning resulting from the ingestion of lead shot is reported. This unusual occurrence was discovered on x-ray of the abdomen, which should be a routine part of the investigation in all cases of suspected heavy metal poisoning. The lead shot came from the keel of a toy sailboat (specifically the 23-inch long "Classic" model produced in the past by Eldon Industries). Since many thousands of these sailboats may still be available for sale or have found their way into the toy collections of children, physicians should be alert to this potential source of lead poisoning. This case also illustrates the importance of thoroughly searching the entire environment to exclude causes other than paint and plaster when dealing with a case of lead poisoning.

Reducing bone lead content by chelation treatment in chronic lead poisoning: An in vivo X-ray fluorescence and bone biopsy study

1989 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vecihi Batuman ◽  
Richard P. Wedeen ◽  
John D. Bogden ◽  
Dominic J. Balestra ◽  
Keith Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Bone Biopsy ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bone Lead

Space and Time Distribution of Hard X-Ray Emission in a Loop at the Beginning of a Flare

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 275-277
Author(s):  
M. Karlický ◽  
J. C. Hénoux
Keyword(s):  
Time Distribution ◽  
Electron Bombardment ◽  
Spatial Evolution ◽  
Superthermal Electrons ◽  
Flare Loop ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Superthermal Electron ◽  
Flare Loops ◽  
Chromospheric Evaporation ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

AbstractUsing a new ID hybrid model of the electron bombardment in flare loops, we study not only the evolution of densities, plasma velocities and temperatures in the loop, but also the temporal and spatial evolution of hard X-ray emission. In the present paper a continuous bombardment by electrons isotropically accelerated at the top of flare loop with a power-law injection distribution function is considered. The computations include the effects of the return-current that reduces significantly the depth of the chromospheric layer which is evaporated. The present modelling is made with superthermal electron parameters corresponding to the classical resistivity regime for an input energy flux of superthermal electrons of 109erg cm−2s−1. It was found that due to the electron bombardment the two chromospheric evaporation waves are generated at both feet of the loop and they propagate up to the top, where they collide and cause temporary density and hard X-ray enhancements.

Some Problems in Understanding the Solar Corona

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. H. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Solar Atmosphere ◽  
Theoretical Modelling ◽  
Total System ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Proper Perspective ◽  
Space Observations

The development of the physics of the solar atmosphere during the last 50 years has been greatly influenced by the increasing capability of observations made from space. Access to images and spectra of the hotter plasma in the UV, XUV and X-ray regions provided a major advance over the few coronal forbidden lines seen in the visible and enabled the cooler chromospheric and photospheric plasma to be seen in its proper perspective, as part of a total system. In this way space observations have stimulated new and important advances, not only in space but also in ground-based observations and theoretical modelling, so that today we find a well-balanced harmony between the three techniques.

White-Light Coronal Structures: Streamers and CMEs

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
E. Hildner
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
White Light ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Temperature Function ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eclipse Observations ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractOver the last twenty years, orbiting coronagraphs have vastly increased the amount of observational material for the whitelight corona. Spanning almost two solar cycles, and augmented by ground-based K-coronameter, emission-line, and eclipse observations, these data allow us to assess,inter alia: the typical and atypical behavior of the corona; how the corona evolves on time scales from minutes to a decade; and (in some respects) the relation between photospheric, coronal, and interplanetary features. This talk will review recent results on these three topics. A remark or two will attempt to relate the whitelight corona between 1.5 and 6 R⊙to the corona seen at lower altitudes in soft X-rays (e.g., with Yohkoh). The whitelight emission depends only on integrated electron density independent of temperature, whereas the soft X-ray emission depends upon the integral of electron density squared times a temperature function. The properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) will be reviewed briefly and their relationships to other solar and interplanetary phenomena will be noted.

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