scholarly journals Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Immunocytochemistry on Cell-Transferred Cytologic Smears of Lung Adenocarcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Melissa L. Randolph ◽  
Kelly J. Jones ◽  
Harvey M. Cramer ◽  
Liang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Alk Rearrangement ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Ct Technique ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Hybridization In Situ

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) immunohistochemical staining on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue or cell blocks (CB) has been reported as an effective alternative to fluorescence hybridization in situ (FISH) for the detection of ALK gene rearrangement. However, CB frequently lack adequate cellularity even when the direct smears are cellular. This study aims to assess the utility of ALK immunocytochemical (ICC) staining on direct smears using the cell transfer (CT) technique for the detection of ALK rearrangement. Methods: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cases of lung adenocarcinoma in which the ALK status had been determined by FISH on CB or a concurrent biopsy were identified. ICC staining for ALK was performed on alcohol-fixed Papanicolaou-stained direct smears using the CT technique. ALK immunoreactivity was evaluated using a modified semiquantitative scale. Results were compared with those of FISH. Results: A total of 47 FNA specimens were included. Five of 7 FISH-positive cases showed positive ALK ICC staining (71.4%), and 39 of 40 FISH-negative cases were negative on ALK ICC staining (97.5%). The overall correlation between ALK ICC and FISH was 93.6%. Conclusion: ICC performed on FNA smears using the CT technique is an alternative method for the assessment of ALK rearrangement, especially when CB lack adequate cellularity.

CSF rhinorrhea following alectinib treatment for anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearranged lung adenocarcinoma - e contrario

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Deepa Shrestha ◽  
Raghava Rao Gandra ◽  
Ramandeep Singh Virk ◽  
Paramjeet Singh ◽  
Aditi Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Skull Base Tumors ◽  
Alk Rearrangement ◽  
Csf Rhinorrhea ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Metastatic Lung

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is a condition characterized by leakage of CSF from skull base through the nostril(s). It is commonly associated with trauma, surgery, infections of paranasal sinuses/skull base, and intracranial and skull base tumors. Among malignant causes, lung cancer is rarely associated with CSF rhinorrhea. Herein, we report the case of a 51-year-old lady who was initially diagnosed with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (LUAC) with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement and initiated on treatment with alectinib. She had good clinicoradiological response, but on follow-up developed CSF rhinorrhea that required surgical correction. We also discuss the proposed mechanisms associated with occurrence of CSF rhinorrhea in the setting of metastatic ALK-rearranged LUAC.

Copy number gain in recurrent anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK ) rearrangement-lung adenocarcinoma in the pleural effusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 744-747
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Abe ◽  
Akihiko Kawahara ◽  
Koichi Azuma ◽  
Yuichi Murakami ◽  
Yorihiko Takase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Copy Number Gain ◽  
Alk Rearrangement ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma

scholarly journals French multicentric validation of ALK rearrangement diagnostic in 547 lung adenocarcinomas

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Lantuejoul ◽  
Isabelle Rouquette ◽  
Hélène Blons ◽  
Nolwenn Le Stang ◽  
Marius Ilie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Gene Rearrangements ◽  
Alk Rearrangement ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinomas

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements in lung adenocarcinoma result in kinase activity targetable by crizotinib. Although fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) is the reference diagnostic technique, immunohistochemistry (IHC) could be useful for pre-screening.Diagnostic yields of ALK IHC, FISH and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR performed in 14 French pathology/molecular genetics platforms were compared. 547 lung adenocarcinoma specimens were analysed using 5A4 and D5F3 antibodies, two break-apart FISH probes and TaqMan kits. Clinicopathological data were recorded.140 tumours were ALK rearranged (FISH with ≥15% of rearranged cells) and 400 were ALK FISH negative (<15%). FISH was not interpretable for seven cases. ALK patients were young (p=0.003), mostly females (p=0.007) and light/nonsmokers (p<0.0001). 13 cases were IHC negative but FISH ≥15%, including six cases with FISH between 15% and 20%; eight were IHC positive with FISH between 10% and 14%. Sensitivity and specificity for 5A4 and D5F3 were 87% and 92%, and 89% and 76%, respectively. False-negative IHC, observed in 2.4% of cases, dropped to 1.3% for FISH >20%. Variants were undetected in 36% of ALK tumours.Discordances predominated with FISH ranging from 10% to 20% of rearranged cells and were centre dependent. IHC remains a reliable pre-screening method for ALK rearrangement detection.

scholarly journals Standard immunohistochemistry efficiently screens for anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangements in differentiated thyroid cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gahee Park ◽  
Tae Hyuk Kim ◽  
Hae-Ock Lee ◽  
Jung Ah Lim ◽  
Jae-Kyung Won ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded

The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene is frequently rearranged in various types of cancer and is highly responsive to targeted therapeutics. We developed a system to detect rearrangement of ALK in a large group of Korean thyroid cancer patients. We screened 474 malignant or benign thyroid tumor cases to identify ALK fusions. Expression and translocation of the ALK gene were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and digital multiplexed gene expression (DMGE) analysis in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Four cases of rearrangement of ALK were detected by IHC, and these cases were validated with FISH on 189 samples. On the other hand, DMGE analysis using Nanostring detected three out of four IHC-positive cases. Two rearrangements of ALK were striatin (STRN)–ALK fusions, which were identified by 5′ RACE analysis. Rearrangements of ALK were found exclusively in v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) WT papillary carcinomas. Given the wide availability and accuracy of IHC for detecting ectopic expression of ALK in the thyroid, we suggest that IHC-based screening can be a practical method for identifying patients with ALK rearrangements in differentiated thyroid cancer.

scholarly journals Discordance between Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Immunohistochemistry Analysis of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Rearrangement in Indian Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Kishore Kumar ◽  
Harinder Pal Singh ◽  
Suresh Nair ◽  
Amol Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽  
Alk Rearrangement ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma

Abstract Aims This study aims to evaluate the incidence of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutation in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) incorporating fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods and to look for any discordance. Methods We evaluated 101 samples obtained from an enriched cohort of NSCLCs patients from the Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, India, between November 2016 and November 2018. IHC was performed using the highly-sensitive D5F3 rabbit monoclonal primary antibody. FISH was performed with dual-color, break-apart probe (ZytoLight SPEC) on formalin-fixed, and paraffin-embedded tissue. Discordance between IHC and FISH for ALK rearrangements was evaluated. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was performed to identify any association of ALK presence (by IHC and FISH) with smoking brain metastasis, programmed death-ligand (PD-L1) expression, pleural effusion, and histopathological subtype. Results A total of 7.92% (8/101) cases tested by IHC and 9.9% (10/101) cases tested by FISH were positive for ALK rearrangement. Of 93 ALK IHC-negative cases, 4 were ALK FISH-positive, whereas of 91 ALK FISH-negative cases, 4 were ALK IHC-positive cases. The correlation analysis demonstrated no or very weak correlation in ALK mutations by IHC or FISH with smoking, brain metastasis, PD-L1 expression, pleural effusion, and histopathological examination, except a weak positive correlation (r = 0.33) observed between brain metastasis and ALK rearrangement identified by FISH. Conclusions Our study demonstrated a somewhat similar incidence of ALK FISH-positive cases and ALK IHC-positive cases, though the incidence was numerically higher for ALK-FISH method.

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