scholarly journals Influence of Aging on Pulmonary Arterial Dynamics and Pulmonary Flow Signal Assessed by Transesophageal Echocardiography

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-234
Author(s):  
Yuko Nishimura ◽  
Masunori Matsuzaki ◽  
Shiro Ono ◽  
Nobuaki Tanaka ◽  
Yasuaki Tomochika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transesophageal Echocardiography ◽  
Flow Signal ◽  
Pulmonary Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Abstract 14367: Abnormal Pulmonary Flow is Associated With Impaired Right Ventricular Coupling in Patients With COPD

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ani Oganesyan ◽  
Alex J Barker ◽  
Benjamin S Frank ◽  
Dunbar D IVY ◽  
Lorna Browne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Association ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
4D Flow Mri ◽  
4D Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Flow ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Flow Mri ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Rv Function

Introduction: Cor Pulmonale or right ventricular (RV) dysfunction due to pulmonary disease is an expected complication of COPD resulting from increased afterload mediated by hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction as well as the destruction of the pulmonary vascular bed. Early detection of elevated RV afterload has been previously demonstrated by visualization of abnormal flow patterns in the proximal pulmonary arteries. Prior quantitative analysis of helicity in the pulmonary arteries of pulmonary hypertension patients has demonstrated a strong association between helicity and increased RV afterload. Hypothesis: Patients with COPD will have abnormal pulmonary flow as evaluated by 4D-Flow MRI and associated with RV function and pulmonary arterial stiffness. Methods: Patients with COPD (n=15) (65yrs ± 6) and controls (n=10) (58yrs ± 9) underwent 4D-Flow MRI to calculate helicity (Figure 1A). The helicity was calculated in 2 segments: 1) the main pulmonary artery (MPA) and 2) along the RV outflow tract (RVOT) - MPA axis. Main pulmonary arterial stiffness was measured using the relative area change (RAC). Results: COPD patients had decreased helicity relative to healthy controls in the MPA (19.4±7.8 vs 32.8±15.9 s -2 , P=0.007) (Figure 1B). Additionally, COPD patients had reduced helicity along the RVOT-MPA axis (33.2±9.0 vs 43.5±8.3 s -2 , P=0.010). The helicity measured in the MPA was associated with RV end-systolic volume (R=0.59, P = 0.002), RVEF (R=0.631, P<0.001), RAC (R=-0.61, P=0.001). e combined helicity along the MPA-RVOT axis was associated with RVEF (R=0.74, P<0.001), RVESV (R=-0.57, P=0.004), and RAC (R=0.42, P=0.005). Conclusion: Patients with COPD show quantitatively abnormal flow hemodynamics, when compared with healthy controls, as assessed by 4D-Flow MRI. A strong association between helicity along the MPA-RV outflow tract axis and RV function suggests that 4D-Flow MRI might be a sensitive tool in evaluating RV - pulmonary arterial coupling in COPD.

Upstream pressure for systemic to pulmonary flow from bronchial circulation in dogs

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Agostoni ◽  
M. E. Deffebach ◽  
W. Kirk ◽  
S. Lakshminarayan ◽  
J. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Systemic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Driving Pressure ◽  
Upstream Site ◽  
Bronchial Circulation ◽  
Pulmonary Flow ◽  
Upstream Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Bidirectional Flow

Systemic to pulmonary flow from bronchial circulation, important in perfusing potentially ischemic regions distal to pulmonary vascular obstructions, depends on driving pressure between an upstream site in intrathoracic systemic arterial network and pulmonary vascular bed. The reported increase of pulmonary infarctions in heart failure may be due to a reduction of this driving pressure. We measured upstream element for driving pressure for systemic to pulmonary flow from bronchial circulation by raising pulmonary venous pressure (Ppv) until the systemic to pulmonary flow from bronchial circulation ceased. We assumed that this was the same as upstream pressure when there was flow. Systemic to pulmonary flow from bronchial circulation was measured in left lower lobes (LLL) of 21 anesthetized open-chest dogs from volume of blood that overflowed from pump-perfused (90–110 ml/min) pulmonary vascular circuit of LLL and was corrected by any changes of LLL fluid volume (wt). Systemic to pulmonary flow from bronchial circulation upstream pressure was linearly related to systemic arterial pressure (slope = 0.24, R = 0.845). Increasing Ppv caused a progressive reduction of systemic to pulmonary flow from bronchial circulation, which stopped when Ppv was 44 +/- 6 cmH2O and pulmonary arterial pressure was 46 +/- 7 cmH2O. A further increase in Ppv reversed systemic to pulmonary flow from bronchial circulation with blood flowing back into the dog. When net systemic to pulmonary flow from bronchial circulation by the overflow and weight change technique was zero a small bidirectional flow (3.7 +/- 2.9 ml.min-1 X 100 g dry lobe wt-1) was detected by dispersion of tagged red blood cells that had been injected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The feasibility and clinical implication of tricuspid regurgitant velocity and pulmonary flow acceleration time evaluation for pulmonary pressure assessment during exercise stress echocardiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1027-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Wierzbowska-Drabik ◽  
Eugenio Picano ◽  
Eduardo Bossone ◽  
Quirino Ciampi ◽  
Piotr Lipiec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Acceleration Time ◽  
Flow Acceleration ◽  
Exercise Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Pulmonary Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Abstract Aims Echocardiography can estimate pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) from tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) or acceleration time (ACT) of pulmonary flow. We assessed the feasibility of TRV and ACT measurements during exercise stress echocardiography (ESE) and their correlation in all stages of ESE. Methods and results We performed ESE in 102 subjects [mean age 49 ± 17 years, 50 females, 39 healthy, 30 with cardiovascular risk factors, and 33 with pulmonary hypertension (PH)] referred for the assessment of exercise tolerance and ischaemia exclusion. ESE was performed on cycloergometer with the load increasing by 25 W for each 2 min. Assessment of TRV with continuous wave and ACT with pulsed Doppler were attempted in 306 time points: at rest, peak exercise, and recovery. In 20 PH patients we evaluated the correlations of TRV and ACT with invasively measured PAP. The success rate was 183/306 for TRV and 304/306 for ACT (feasibility: 60 vs. 99%, P < 0.0001). There was a close correlation between TRV and ACT: r = 0.787, P < 0.001 and ACT at peak ≤67 ms showed 94% specificity for elevated systolic PAP detection. Moreover, TRV and ACT at peak exercise reflected better that resting data the invasive systolic PAP and mean PAP with r = 0.76, P = 0.0004 and r = −0.67, P = 0.0018, respectively. Conclusion ACT is closely correlated with and substantially more feasible than TRV during ESE and inclusion of both parameters (TRACT approach) expands the possibility of PAP assessment, especially at exercise when TRV feasibility is the lowest but correlation with invasive PAP seems to increase.

Pulmonary Arterial Resistance: Noninvasive Measurement with Indexes of Pulmonary Flow Estimated at Velocity-encoded MR Imaging—Preliminary Experience

Radiology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 212 (3) ◽  
pp. 896-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elie Mousseaux ◽  
Jean Pierre Tasu ◽  
Odile Jolivet ◽  
Gérard Simonneau ◽  
Jacques Bittoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Noninvasive Measurement ◽  
Arterial Resistance ◽  
Pulmonary Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Banding of the pulmonary trunk in preparation for a Fontan operation

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Takahiko Sakamoto ◽  
Yorikazu Harada ◽  
Takamasa Takeuchi ◽  
Katsumasa Morishima ◽  
Gengi Satomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Fontan Operation ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Trunk ◽  
Trunk Length ◽  
Pulmonary Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Maximum Flow Velocity ◽  
Aorta Diameter

AbstractBanding of the pulmonary trunk is an important surgical procedure for patients who have con genital cardiac malformations with unrestricted pulmonary flow. We propose a new concept for determining in such circumstances the most appropriate length of the band used to constrict the pulmonary trunk in preparation for a Fontan operation. We studied 14 patients undergoing banding of the pulmonary trunk and measured the following parameters: diameter of aorta, diameter of pulmonary trunk, length of pulmonary arterial band and maximum flow velocity across the banded segment. We calculated an index from our orig inal parameter based on the formula; length of band/(diameter of aorta diameter of pulmonary trunk). The diameter of aorta was 9.5 ± 1.4 mm, and that of the pulmonary trunk was 9.6 ± 2.3 mm. The length of the band was 16.5 ± 3.4 mm, giving a calculated index of 0.188 ± 0.038. The maximum flow velocity was 4.02 ± 0.46 m/s. No correlation was found between the length of the band and body weight, and also no correlation was found between the length of the band and maximum flow velocity. The calculated index had a negative correlation with the maximum velocity of flow across the band (y = -8.13x + 5.56, R = 0.74, p < 0.01). We believe that the proposed index is a useful guide in determining the length of a pulmonary band when preparing patients for a Fontan operation.

Effect of Vascular Stiffness on Pulmonary Flow in Normotensive and Hypertensive States: Numerical Study With Fluid Structure Interaction

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenbi Su ◽  
Kendall Hunter ◽  
Robin Shandas
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Vascular Stiffness ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Flow ◽  
Vascular Flow ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Mean Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Invasive measurement of pulmonary vascular flow and pressure provides the hemodynamic status of the pulmonary circulation for children with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Clinicians are primarily interested in pulmonary vascular resistance, which is the mean pressure of the circuit divided by the mean flow through it [1], in that it is believed to well-quantify the right ventricular (RV) afterload, the primary determinant of mortality. However, previous and current investigations on the pulmonary vascular stiffness (PVS), input impedance and RV power [2–4] have found PVS to be an important contributor to power, and thus, afterload. These previous and current investigations focus on the analysis of clinical data, which is limited by the clinical equipment and techniques.

Temperature alters bronchial blood flow response to pulmonary arterial obstruction

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1907-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Agostoni ◽  
M. E. Deffebach ◽  
W. Kirk ◽  
J. M. Mendenhall ◽  
R. K. Albert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Pulmonary Flow ◽  
Flow Response ◽  
Reference Flow ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Mean Systemic Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Obstruction

Lobar bronchial blood flow has been reported to increase and decrease acutely after pulmonary arterial obstruction (PAO). Because bronchial blood flow (Qbr) to the trachea and bronchi is influenced by inspired air temperature, we investigated whether temperature differences could explain these disparate results. In 10 open-chested dogs the left lower lobe (LLL) was isolated and perfused in situ with autologous blood at a controlled temperature with an independent vascular circuit. The abdomen and the chest of the dog were enclosed in a Plexiglas box in which air was fully humidified and temperature could be regulated. Qbr, determined by the reference flow technique using 16 micron microspheres, was measured before and 30 min after onset of PAO with the air in the box being either at 27 or 39 degrees C and with warmed LLL blood (37 degrees C) in the latter condition. Anastomotic bronchial blood flow [Qbr(s-p), determined as overflow from the closed LLL vascular circuit and measured in ml X min-1 X 100 g dry lung wt-1 X 100 Torr mean systemic pressure-1] was measured continuously at both temperatures. Both before and after PAO, Qbr and Qbr(s-p) were closely correlated: Qbr (ml/min) = 1.12 + 0.978Qbr(s-p); R = 0.912. This was true regardless of the presence or the absence of pulmonary flow, showing that the distribution of bronchial blood flow between the anastomotic and the nonanastomotic portion does not change acutely during PAO. When the air in the box was 27 degrees C, Qbr(s-p) was 19.5 +/- 5.2 (SE) and increased to 38.6 +/- 8.1 with PAO (P less than 0.007).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Synchrotron radiation pulmonary micro-angiography to visualize pulmonary artery micro-vasculature for measurement of pulmonary arterial flow velocity in a high pulmonary flow rat model

Life Sciences ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (25-26) ◽  
pp. e64-e65
Author(s):  
Chiho Tokunaga ◽  
Shonosuke Matsushita ◽  
Kazuyuki Hyodo ◽  
Hiroaki Sakamoto ◽  
Kazunori Miyakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Arterial Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial
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