Impact of Educational Level on Versions (Basic and Complete) of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lila Adana Díaz ◽  
Andrea Arango ◽  
César Parra ◽  
Alberto Rodríguez-Lorenzana ◽  
Tarquino Yacelga-Ponce
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Screening Instruments ◽  
Psychometric Characteristics ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Dementia Screening ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Basic Version

<b><i>Background:</i></b> One of the most marked problems in the use of screening instruments for the diagnosis of dementia or cognitive impairment in the elderly is the influence of educational level on the results of psychometric tests. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) questionnaire is one of the most widely used dementia screening instruments internationally and with greater proven validity. There is a version of this instrument called MoCA “Basic” which was developed to reduce education bias. The aim of the study was to compare the psychometric characteristics of the MoCA, full versus basic, versions in older adults. <b><i>Method:</i></b> Participants (<i>N</i> = 214) completed both versions of the MoCA, and screening measures to corroborate their health status. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Internal consistency was satisfactory in both versions: MoCA full (0.79) and MoCA basic (0.76). The overall correlation between both tests was high (0.73). There was no relationship between the dimensions included in each version. Educational level and age explained 33.8% of the total variance in MoCA Full and 31.8% in MoCA Basic. Among educational levels, there are statistically significant differences in participants with &#x3c;6 years of education. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The results confirm that both versions are reliable instruments and also show that in both versions the educational level of &#x3c;6 years of education continues to have an impact on performance. Therefore, it can be considered that the MoCA Basic version for the Ecuadorian population with &#x3c;6 years of education continues to imply literacy competencies.

Differential Relationships Between the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Informant-Rated Cognitive Decline Among Mexican Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites

2021 ◽  
pp. 089198872110293
Author(s):  
Emily M. Briceño ◽  
Roshanak Mehdipanah ◽  
Xavier F. Gonzales ◽  
Steven G. Heeringa ◽  
Deborah A. Levine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Screening Instruments ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Community Screening ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Screening Interview

Objectives: We compared the concurrent validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) with other cognitive screening instruments among Mexican Americans (MA) and non-Hispanic whites (NHW). Methods: In a community-based study in Nueces county, Texas (5/2/18-2/26/20), participants 65+ with MoCA ≤25 completed the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol. Regressions examined associations between MoCA and: 1) Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE); 2) abbreviated Community Screening Interview for Dementia (CSI-D); 3) Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE). Results: MA (n = 229) and NHW (n = 81) differed by education but not age or sex. MoCA and cognitive performance associations (MMSE, CSI-D-Respondent) did not differ between MA and NHW (p’s > .16). MoCA and informant rating associations (IQCODE, CSI-D-Informant) were stronger in NHW than MA (NHW R2 = 0.39 and 0.38, respectively; MA R2 = 0.30 and 0.28, respectively). Discussion: Our findings suggest non-equivalence across cognitive screening instruments among MAs and NHWs.

scholarly journals Robotic Process Automation: Diagnosis of Dementia on Aged People

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 773-776
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Family Members ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Process Automation ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Robotic Process Automation ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Dementia Screening ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Hospital Inpatients

In modern day technology, among the elderly population, there is an increased cases of dementia. However, there is a delay in dementia diagnosis over the past years. So there is a primary requirement for improving diagnosis of dementia in every part of the nation across the world. However, Dementia screening remains controversial, although strong preference is given for screening dementia, mainly for hospital inpatients. Here the objective is to implement screening, to alert family members about the condition of patients. The entire screening process is achieved using Robotic Process Automation where automatic screening and validation of the mental state of the elderly people is recognized and shared with their respective family members

Short Montreal Cognitive Assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Larner
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Computerized Adaptive Testing ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Memory Clinic ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Index Study ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia

The diagnostic accuracy of the short Montreal Cognitive Assessment (s-MoCA), a cognitive screening instrument recently derived by item response theory and computerized adaptive testing from the original MoCA, for the diagnosis of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was assessed in 2 patient cohorts referred to a dedicated memory clinic in order to examine the validity and reproducibility of s-MoCA. Diagnosis used standard clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia and MCI as reference standard (prevalence of cognitive impairment = 0.43 and 0.46 in each cohort, respectively). There were significant differences in s-MoCA test scores for dementia, MCI, and subjective memory impairment ( P ≤ .01), and s-MoCA effect sizes (Cohen d) were medium to large (range: 0.65-1.42) for the diagnosis of dementia and MCI. Using the cut-off for s-MoCA specified in the index study, it proved highly sensitive (>0.9) for diagnosis of dementia but with poor specificity (≤0.25), with moderate sensitivity (≥0.75) and specificity (≥0.60) for diagnosis of MCI. In conclusion, in these pragmatic diagnostic test accuracy studies, s-MoCA proved acceptable and sensitive for the diagnosis of cognitive impairment in a memory clinic setting, with a performance similar to that of the original MoCA.

scholarly journals The Clock Drawing Test A review of its accuracy in screening for dementia

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Aprahamian ◽  
José Eduardo Martinelli ◽  
Anita Liberalesso Neri ◽  
Mônica Sanches Yassuda
Keyword(s):  
Scoring Systems ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Dementia Screening ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia

Abstract The Clock Drawing Test (CDT) is a simple neuropsychometric instrument that can be easily applied to assess several cognitive functions. Over the past 20 years, the CDT has aroused considerable interest in its role for the early screening of cognitive impairment, especially in dementia. Although the CDT is considered an accurate test for dementia screening, recent studies including comparisons with structured batteries such as the CAMCOG have shown mixed results. Objectives: To investigate the importance of the CDT compared to other commonly used tests, in the diagnosis of dementia in the elderly; (2) to evaluate the reliability and correlation between available CDT scoring scales from recent studies. Methods: A systematic search in the literature was conducted in September 2008 for studies comparing CDT scoring systems and comparing the CDT with neuropsychiatric batteries. Results: Twelve studies were selected for analyses. Seven of these studies compared CDT scoring scales while five compared the CDT against the CAMCOG and the MMSE. Eight studies found good correlation and reliability between the scales and the other tests. Conclusion: Despite the mixed results in these studies, the CDT appears to be a good screening test for dementia.

scholarly journals Rising Educational Levels Contribute to Compression of Morbidity. A Multi-State Life Table Analysis of the Netherlands 1995-2015

2002 ◽  
pp. 77-96
Author(s):  
E. Kunst Anton ◽  
M. A. Joung Inez ◽  
J. Nusselder Wilma ◽  
W. N. Looman Caspar ◽  
P. Mackenbach Johan
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Total Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Transition Rates ◽  
Compression Of Morbidity ◽  
Increase Life Expectancy ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Table Analysis

Objective: This paper assesses whether the future rise in educational levels of theelderly may not only increase life expectancy (LE) but also at the same timecontribute to a reduction in life expectancy with disability (LED).Methods: For each educational level, LE and LED were estimated from multi-statelife tables with a disabled and non-disabled state. Basic transition rates wereestimated from regression analysis of data of a Dutch longitudinal study. The resultsper educational level were aggregated to the total population for the years 1995,2005 and 2015.Results: In 1995, men in the highest educational level had a 0.9 years longerLE and a 5.4 years shorter LED than men in the lowest level. Differences amongwomen were larger (2.0 and 8.3 years). Due to rising educational levels between1995 and 2015, LE for the total male population would increase by 0.2 years whileLED would decrease by 0.5 years. A larger effect was observed for women(0.2 and 1.5 years).Conclusion: Rising educational levels of the elderly are likely to contribute to acompression of morbidity over the next decades, especially among women.

scholarly journals Faktor – faktor yang berhubungan dengan gangguan kognitif pada lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Wana Seraya Denpasar

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Sandra Surya Rini ◽  
Tuty Kuswardhani ◽  
Suka Aryana
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Hearing Handicap

Latar Belakang: Gangguan kognitif merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan lansia dan merupakan prediktor mayor kejadian demensia yang masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan dan sosial. Penurunan fungsi intelektual merupakan masalah paling serius ketika proses penuaan yang akan mengakibatkan lansia sulit untuk hidup mandiri, dan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya demensia sehingga lansia akan mengalami gangguan perilaku dan penurunan kualitas hidup. Tujuan: Melihat faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan gangguan kognitif pada lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Wana Seraya Denpasar, Bali. Metode: Studi ini menggunakan desain analitik potong lintang dengan metode pengambilan sampel adalah total sampling. Sebanyak 30 sampel terkumpul, dengan 10 sampel dengan fungsi kognitif normal dan 20 sampel memiliki gangguan kognitif. Sampel dilakukan wawancara untuk mengetahui karakteristik demografi. Variabel gangguan pendengaran dinilai dengan kuisioner Hearing  Handicap  Inventory  for  the  Elderly-Screening, Frailty diukur dengan menggunakan Fried Frailty Index, tingkat kemandirian dinilai dengan Activity Daily Living Barthel dan fungsi kognitif dengan kuisioner Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesia. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS 17 dengan uji fisher’s exact. Hasil: Sejumlah 30 sampel lansia yang berusia 61-94 tahun mengikuti studi ini dengan median usia 73,73 tahun. Sebanyak 20 sampel didapatkan ada gangguan kognitif dan 10 sampel memiliki fungsi kognitif normal. Skor MoCA-INA berkisar antara 11 – 27 dengan rata-rata skor 19. Dari berbagai variabel yang dianalisis, gangguan pendengaran(p=0,000), tingkat kemandirian (p=0,005), frailty (p=0,017) berhubungan dengan gangguan kognitif secara bermakna. Simpulan: Terdapat 20 orang (67%) mengalami gangguan kognitif. Gangguan pendengaran, frailty, tingkat kemandirian merupakan variabel yang berhubungan dengan gangguan kognitif pada studi ini.

Normative Data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Greek Older Adults With Subjective Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Poptsi ◽  
Despina Moraitou ◽  
Marina Eleftheriou ◽  
Fotini Kounti-Zafeiropoulou ◽  
Chrysa Papasozomenou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
High Educational Level ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
High Educational

Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is among the most commonly used screening tools worldwide. Objective: The aim of the study was to provide normative data for the MoCA in a Greek cohort of people older than 60 years who meet criteria for subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia in order to optimize cutoff scores for each diagnostic group. Method: Seven hundred forty-six community-dwelling older adults, visitors of the Day Center of Alzheimer Hellas were randomly chosen. Three hundred seventy-nine of them met the criteria for dementia, 245 for MCI and 122 for SCD. Results: Initial statistical analyses showed that the total MoCA score is not affected by gender ( P = .164), or age ( P = .144) but is affected by educational level ( P < .001). A cutoff score of 23 for low educational level (≤6 years) can distinguish people with SCD from MCI (sensitivity 71.4%, specificity 84.2%), while 26 is the cutoff score for middle educational level (7-12 years; sensitivity 73.2%, specificity 67.0%) and high educational level (≥13 years; sensitivity 77.6%, specificity 74.7%). Montreal Cognitive Assessment can discriminate older adults with SCD from dementia, with a cutoff score of 20 for low educational level (sensitivity 100%, specificity 92.3%) and a cutoff score 23 for middle educational level (sensitivity 97.6%, specificity 92.7%) and high educational level (sensitivity 98.5%, specificity 100%). Conclusion: Montreal Cognitive Assessment is not affected by age or gender but is affected by the educational level. The discriminant potential of MoCA between SCD and MCI is good, while the discrimination of SCD from dementia is excellent.

Screening utility of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): in place of – or as well as – the MMSE?

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Larner
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Diagnostic Utility ◽  
Memory Clinic ◽  
Index Study ◽  
In Series

ABSTRACTBackground: This aim of this study was to assess the clinical utility of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a screening instrument for cognitive impairment in patients referred to a memory clinic, alone and in combination with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).Methods: This was a pragmatic prospective study of consecutive referrals attending a memory clinic (n = 150) over an 18-month period. Patients were diagnosed using standard clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia (DSM-IV) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI; cognitive impairment prevalence = 43%) independent of MoCA test scores.Results: MoCA proved acceptable to patients and was quick and easy to use. Using the cut-offs for MoCA and MMSE specified in the index paper (≥26/30), MoCA was more sensitive than MMSE (0.97 vs 0.65) but less specific (0.60 vs 0.89), with better diagnostic accuracy (area under Receiver Operating Characteristic curve 0.91 vs 0.83). Downward adjustment of the MoCA cut-off to ≥20/30 maximized test accuracy and improved specificity (0.95) for some loss of sensitivity (0.63). Combining MoCA with the MMSE – either in series or in parallel – did not improve diagnostic utility above that with either test alone.Conclusions: In a memory clinic population, MoCA proved sensitive for the diagnosis of cognitive impairment. Use of a cut-off lower than that specified in the index study may be required to improve overall test accuracy and specificity for some loss of sensitivity in populations with a high prior probability of cognitive impairment. Combining the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) with the MMSE did not improve diagnostic utility.

P1-528: MONTREAL COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT: DATA FOR SENIORS WITH HETEROGENEOUS EDUCATIONAL LEVELS IN BRAZIL

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_9) ◽  
pp. P534-P535
Author(s):  
Karolina G. Cesar ◽  
Monica Sanches Yassuda ◽  
Fabio Henrique de Gobbi Porto ◽  
Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki ◽  
Ricardo Nitrini
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Educational Levels
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