Abstract 20143: Direct in vivo Quantification of Intraplaque Hemorrhage and Fat in Atherosclerosis by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Koppal ◽  
Marcel Warntjes ◽  
Jeremy Swann ◽  
Petter Dyverfeldt ◽  
Johan Kihlberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Flip Angle ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Intraplaque Hemorrhage ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
4D Flow ◽  
Flow Mri ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Introduction: Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) and lipid core (LC) are hallmarks of rupture-prone atherosclerotic plaque. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that IPH and LC can be quantified using R2* and fat measurements derived from four-point Dixon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Four patients scheduled for carotid endarterectomy underwent MRI in a 3T scanner applying: (a) T1weighted: TE=9ms, TR=1053ms (b) 4-point Dixon 3D gradient echo: TE=3.6ms, R=18ms, flip angle=10°, 2 REST slabs (c) 4-D flow MRI: TE=3.1ms, TR=5.4ms, flip angle=10°. IPH and fat were quantified from Dixon using custom software (Figure: visualization of IPH, red and LC, yellow as measured from Dixon MRI). After surgery, plaques were paraffin embedded and enface images were taken every 50μm. Every 200μm sections were taken for histology. A 3D histology volume was generated from this data and registered to MRI with the vessel lumen as a landmark. Area of IPH and LC upon histology was correlated to MRI values within these areas and MRI signal within IPH and LC was compared to MRI signal outside these areas. Results: Registration of 3D histology was through combining features from T1weighted MRI, first echo from Dixon and 4D flow MRI. Throughout all plaques the correlation between R2* and area of IPH as well as fat from Dixon and area of LC upon histology was high (IPH: Pearson r 0.451, 95% CI: 0.364 t- 0.530, P<0.0001; LC: Pearson r 0.148, 95% CI: 0.0635 - 0.231, P<0.001). Throughout each plaque R2* within IPH was significantly higher than outside (mean difference±SEM/patient: (i) 11.96 ± 2.091 (ii) 7.616 ± 2.154 (iii) 12.66 ± 1.412 (iv) 14.13 ± 2.144; P<0.001). Fat from Dixon was significantly higher inside LC than outside (mean difference±SEM/patient: (i) 1.796 ± 0.386 (ii) 3.078 ± 0.328 (iii) 6.610 ± 0.651 (iv) 0.481 ± 0.242 N=167; P<0.0001). Conclusions: R2* and fat measured from Dixon MRI reliably quantifies the extent of IPH and LC in atherosclerotic plaques as validated by 3D histology.

scholarly journals Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Applications in Cardiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Geeraert ◽  
Hansuk Kim ◽  
Safia Ihsan Ali ◽  
Ashifa Hudani ◽  
Shirin Aliabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
4D Flow Mri ◽  
4D Flow ◽  
Great Vessels ◽  
Flow Mri ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Blood flow through the heart and great vessels moves in three dimensions (3D) throughout time. However, the assessment of its 3D nature has been limited in the human body. Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allow for the comprehensive visualization and quantification of in-vivo flow dynamics using four-dimensional (4D) flow MRI. In addition, this technique provides the opportunity to obtain advanced hemodynamic biomarkers such as vorticity, helicity, wall shear stress (WSS), pressure gradients, viscous energy loss (EL), and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). This chapter will introduce 4D flow MRI which is currently used for blood flow visualization and advanced quantification of cardiac hemodynamic biomarkers. We will discuss its advantages relative to other in-vivo flow imaging techniques and describe its potential clinical applications in cardiology.

scholarly journals Non-invasive diagnostics in fossils - Magnetic Resonance Imaging of pathological belemnites

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mietchen ◽  
H. Keupp ◽  
B. Manz ◽  
F. Volke
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Invasive Diagnostics

Abstract. For more than a decade, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been routinely employed in clinical diagnostics because it allows non-invasive studies of anatomical structures and physiological processes in vivo and to differentiate between healthy and pathological states, particularly of soft tissue. Here, we demonstrate that MRI can likewise be applied to fossilized biological samples and help in elucidating paleopathological and paleoecological questions: Five anomalous guards of Jurassic and Cretaceous belemnites are presented along with putative paleopathological diagnoses directly derived from 3D MR images with microscopic resolution. Syn vivo deformities of both the mineralized internal rostrum and the surrounding former soft tissue can be traced back in part to traumatic events of predator-prey-interactions, and partly to parasitism. Besides, evidence is presented that the frequently observed anomalous apical collar might be indicative of an inflammatory disease. These findings highlight the potential of Magnetic Resonance techniques for further paleontological applications.

scholarly journals Perspectives on the Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for Noninvasive Evaluation of Diabetic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2461
Author(s):  
José María Mora-Gutiérrez ◽  
María A. Fernández-Seara ◽  
Rebeca Echeverria-Chasco ◽  
Nuria Garcia-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Renal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are currently in vogue, as they provide in vivo information on renal volume, function, metabolism, perfusion, oxygenation, and microstructural alterations, without the need for exogenous contrast media. New imaging biomarkers can be identified using these tools, which represent a major advance in the understanding and study of the different pathologies affecting the kidney. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most important diseases worldwide due to its high prevalence and impact on public health. However, its multifactorial etiology poses a challenge for both basic and clinical research. Therefore, the use of novel renal MRI techniques is an attractive step forward in the comprehension of DKD, both in its pathogenesis and in its detection and surveillance in the clinical practice. This review article outlines the most promising MRI techniques in the study of DKD, with the purpose of stimulating their clinical translation as possible tools for the diagnosis, follow-up, and monitoring of the clinical impacts of new DKD treatments.

In Vivo MR Studies of Dynamic Changes in the Interosseous Membrane of the Forearm During Rotation

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. NAKAMURA ◽  
Y. YABE ◽  
Y. HORIUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Interosseous Membrane ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Forearm Rotation ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Membranous Part ◽  
The Right

In vivo dynamic changes in the interosseous membrane (IOM) during forearm rotation were studied using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The right forearms of 20 healthy volunteers were examined in five different rotational positions. Axial slices were obtained at the proximal quarter, the middle and the distal quarter of the forearm. The changes in shape of the IOM during rotation were observed in an axial MR plane. For each image, we measured the interosseous distance and the length of the interosseous membrane. Images of the tendinous and membranous parts of the IOM could be differentiated by thickness. There were minimal dynamic changes in the tendinous part on the MRI while the membranous part showed numerous changes during rotation. The interosseous distance and the length of the interosseous membrane were maximum from a neutral to a slightly supinated position. The tendinous part is considered to be taut during rotation to provide stability between the radius and the ulna, but the membranous part which is soft, thin and elastic, allows smooth rotation.

Measurement of the Human Cochlear Spiral Curvature In Vivo

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 1552-1558
Author(s):  
Jen Fang Yu ◽  
Kun Che Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Basal Turn ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Human Inner Ear

This research aims to characterize the geometry of the human cochlear spiral in vivo by measuring curvature and length. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to visualise the human inner ear in vivo. The inner ear was imaged in 12 ears in 7 subjects recruited. Visualisation of the cochlear spiral was enhanced by T2 weighting and further processing of the raw images. The spirals were divided into 3 segments: the basal turn segment, the middle turn segment and the apex turn segment. The length and curvature of each segment were measured. The measured lengths of cochlear spiral are consistent with data in the literature derived from anatomical dissections. Overall, the apex turn segment of the cochlear had the greatest degree of curvature. A detailed description of the cochlear spiral is provided, using measurements of curvature and length. This data will provide a valuable reference in the development of cochlear implantation procedures.

scholarly journals Uniform Fe3O4/Gd2O3-DHCA nanocubes for dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1000-1009
Author(s):  
Miao Qin ◽  
Yueyou Peng ◽  
Mengjie Xu ◽  
Hui Yan ◽  
Yizhu Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Mri Contrast Agents ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Mri Contrast ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique has been extensively studied over the past few years since it offers complementary information that can increase diagnostic accuracy. Simple methods to synthesize contrast agents are necessary for the development of multimodal MRI. Herein, uniformly distributed Fe3O4/Gd2O3 nanocubes for T 1–T 2 dual-mode MRI contrast agents were successfully designed and synthesized. In order to increase hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, the nanocubes were coated with nontoxic 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid (DHCA). The results show that iron (Fe) and gadolinium (Gd) were homogeneously distributed throughout the Fe3O4/Gd2O3-DHCA (FGDA) nanocubes. Relaxation time analysis was performed on the images obtained from the 3.0 T scanner. The results demonstrated that r 1 and r 2 maximum values were 67.57 ± 6.2 and 24.2 ± 1.46 mM−1·s−1, respectively. In vivo T 1- and T 2-weighted images showed that FGDA nanocubes act as a dual-mode contrast agent enhancing MRI quality. Overall, these experimental results suggest that the FGDA nanocubes are interesting tools that can be used to increase MRI quality, enabling accurate clinical diagnostics.

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