Abstract MP48: Whole Grain Intake is Inversely Associated with Mortality From All Causes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer in a Dose-response Manner, a Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geng Zong ◽  
Alisa Gao ◽  
Frank Hu ◽  
Qi Sun
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Introduction: Whole grain intake has been associated with lower risks of multiple chronic conditions, but its association with mortality warrants further evaluation. Hypothesis: We performed a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies on the association of whole grain intake with all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and tested the hypothesis that they followed inverse dose-response pattern. Methods: Published studies reporting relative risks (RRs) between whole grain consumption and mortality from Medline and Embase through August, 2015. Original results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III and NHANES 1999-2004 were included. Whole grain ingredients (gram/day) were estimated among studies reporting RRs for ≥3 categories of whole grain intake. Results: Fourteen unique analyses were included, which consisted of 786,076 participants, 97,867 all-cause deaths, 23,957 CVD deaths, and 37,492 cancer deaths. Pooled RRs (95% confidence intervals) comparing high with low whole grain categories were 0.84 (0.80, 0.88; P <0.001, I2=74%, P heterogeneity<0.001) for all-cause mortality, 0.82 (0.79, 0.85; P <0.001, I2=0%, P heterogeneity=0.53) for CVD mortality, and 0.88(0.83, 0.94; P <0.001, I2=54%, P heterogeneity=0.02) for cancer mortality. Whole grain consumption was <50 grams/day among most studies. Dose-response meta-analysis showed strong monotonic associations between whole grain and mortality (All P nonlinearity > 0.05): RRs (95%CIs) for each 16 grams/day increase (approximately 1 serving/day) in whole grain were 0.93(0.92, 0.94) for all-cause mortality, 0.91(0.90, 0.93) for CVD mortality, and 0.95(0.94, 0.96) for cancer mortality. These findings were robust in several stratified analyses and/or sensitivity analyses. Egger’s test did not suggest significant publication bias. Conclusions: Our findings supported health benefit of increasing current whole grain intake of <1 serving/day to ≥3 servings/day as recommended by current Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

scholarly journals Dietary intake of total, animal, and plant proteins and risk of all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

BMJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. m2412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Naghshi ◽  
Omid Sadeghi ◽  
Walter C Willett ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
All Cause Mortality

AbstractObjectiveTo examine and quantify the potential dose-response relation between intake of total, animal, and plant protein and the risk of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Data sourcesPubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science until December 2019, and references of retrieved relevant articles.Study selectionProspective cohort studies that reported the risk estimates for all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality in adults aged 18 or older.Data synthesisRandom effects models were used to calculate pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals for the highest versus lowest categories of protein intake and to incorporate variation between studies. Linear and non-linear dose-response analyses were done to evaluate the dose-response relations between protein intake and mortality.Results32 prospective cohort studies were included in the systematic review and 31 in the meta-analysis. During the follow-up period of 3.5 to 32 years, 113 039 deaths (16 429‬ from cardiovascular disease and 22 303‬ from cancer) occurred among 715 128 participants. Intake of total protein was associated with a lower risk of all cause mortality (pooled effect size 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.89 to 0.99, I2=58.4%, P<0.001). Intake of plant protein was significantly associated with a lower risk of all cause mortality (pooled effect size 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.87 to 0.97, I2=57.5%, P=0.003) and cardiovascular disease mortality (pooled hazard ratio 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.80 to 0.96, I2=63.7%, P=0.001), but not with cancer mortality. Intake of total and animal protein was not significantly associated with risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality. A dose-response analysis showed a significant inverse dose-response association between intake of plant protein and all cause mortality (P=0.05 for non-linearity). An additional 3% energy from plant proteins a day was associated with a 5% lower risk of death from all causes.ConclusionsHigher intake of total protein was associated with a lower risk of all cause mortality, and intake of plant protein was associated with a lower risk of all cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. Replacement of foods high in animal protein with plant protein sources could be associated with longevity.

scholarly journals Whole-grain consumption and the risk of all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honglei Wei ◽  
Zong Gao ◽  
Rui Liang ◽  
Zengqiang Li ◽  
Hong Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Cancer Specific Mortality

AbstractResults of the relationships between dietary whole-grain consumption and the risk of all-cause, CVD and cancer-specific mortality are mixed. We summarised the evidence based on a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Pertinent studies were identified by searching articles in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases up to 20 January 2016 and by reviewing the reference lists of the retrieved articles. Random-effects models were used to calculate summary relative risks (SRR) and 95 % CI. In all, eleven prospective studies (ten publications) were included in the meta-analysis. There were a total of 816 599 subjects and 89 251 cases of all-cause mortality. On the basis of the highest v. the lowest categories of intake, whole grains may be associated with a lower risk of mortality from all causes (SRR 0·87; 95 % CI 0·84, 0·90), CVD (SRR 0·81; 95 % CI 0·75, 0·89) and all cancers (SRR 0·89; 95 % CI 0·82, 0·96). For each 3 servings/d increase in whole-grain intake, there was a 19 % reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality (SRR 0·81; 95 % CI 0·76, 0·85), a 26 % reduction in CVD mortality (SRR 0·74; 95 % CI 0·66, 0·83) and a 9 % reduction in cancer mortality (SRR 0·91; 95 % CI 0·84, 0·98). The current meta-analysis provides some evidence that high intake of whole grains was inversely associated with the risk of all-cause, CVD and cancer-specific mortality. Further well-designed studies, including clinical trials and in different populations, are required to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake and Biomarkers of α-Linolenic Acid and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Hua Chen ◽  
Qingjing Hu ◽  
Guijie Li ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Li-Qiang Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background: The association between α-linolenic acid (ALA) and mortality is inconsistent and has not been summarized systematically.Objective: The purpose was to conduct a meta-analysis that synthesized the results of prospective cohort studies to investigate associations between ALA intake and mortality.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases on May 1, 2021, for relevant prospective cohort studies which reported associations of ALA (assessed by dietary surveys and/or ALA concentrations in body tissues) with mortality from all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and other diseases. Multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs) were pooled by a random or fixed-effects model.Results: A total of 34 prospective cohort studies, of which 17 reported dietary ALA intake, 14 for ALA biomarkers, and the remaining 3 reported both of intake and biomarkers. The studies included 6,58,634 participants, and deaths were classified into all-cause mortality (56,898), CVD mortality (19,123), and other diseases mortality (19,061). Pooled RRs of ALA intake were 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.01, I2 = 71.2%) for all-cause mortality, 0.90 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.98, I2 = 22.1%) for CVD mortality, and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.06, I2 = 73.3%) for other diseases mortality. The two-stage random-effects dose-response analysis showed a linear relationship between dietary ALA intake and CVD-mortality and each 0.5% energy increment of ALA intake was associated with a 5% lower risk of CVD-mortality (RR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.00). Pooled RRs per SD increment of ALA biomarkers were 0.99 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.01, I2 = 27%) for all-cause mortality, 1.00 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.03, I2 = 0%) for CVD mortality and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.01, I2 = 0%) for other diseases mortality.Conclusions: This meta-analysis summarizing the available prospective cohort studies indicated that ALA intake was associated with reduced risk of mortality, especially CVD mortality. Our findings suggest that ALA consumption may be beneficial for death prevention. Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO; identifier: CRD42021264532.

Abstract P225: The Associations of Dietary and Biomarkers of Linoleic Acid Intake and All-cause and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Marta Guasch-Ferré ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
Frank Hu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Survey ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background: Previous studies on intake of linoleic acid (LA), a predominant n-6 fatty acid, and risk of mortality from all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) have generated inconsistent results. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to summarize the evidence regarding the relation of LA and all-cause and CVD mortality. Methods: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through June 2017 for prospective cohort studies reporting association of LA (assessed by dietary survey or biomarker in blood or adipose tissue) with all-cause and CVD mortality. In addition, unpublished data from pooling projects were included. We pooled the multivariate-adjusted Hazards ratios (HRs) using random-effect meta-analysis, which allowed for between-study heterogeneity. Results: 27 studies covering 37 prospective cohorts were identified; these included 274,565 individuals with dietary assessment (34,597 all-cause and 10,636 CVD deaths) and 54,794 individuals with biomarker measurements (6,767 all-cause and 5,311 CVD deaths). Comparing the highest category with the lowest, dietary LA intake was associated with a 14% lower risk of all-cause mortality (95% confidence interval [CI], 2%-25%, I 2 =71%) and a 20% lower risk of CVD mortality (95% CI, 13%-26%, I 2 =0). Baseline health status (i.e. general population, CVD/high risk for CVD, or cancer) might be a main source of heterogeneity for the association of dietary LA intake with all-cause mortality. As for biomarkers, 1 SD increment in LA was associated with a 9% lower risk of all-cause mortality (95% CI, 4%-14%, I 2 =61%) and a 10% lower risk of CVD mortality (95% CI, 5%-14%, I 2 =13%). Heterogeneity was presented across tissue types and between genders. Conclusions: In prospective cohort studies, LA intake, assessed by either dietary survey or biomarkers, was inversely associated with all-cause and CVD mortality in a dose-response manner. These data support the current recommendations on polyunsaturated fat intake for prevention of CVD and early death.

scholarly journals Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of mortality from all causes and cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnaz Shahdadian ◽  
Parvane Saneei ◽  
Alireza Milajerdi ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index ◽  
Cvd Mortality

ABSTRACT Background Previous findings on the association of dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) with mortality are conflicting. Objectives The aim of this study was to summarize earlier findings on the association between dietary GI and GL and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed of electronic databases, including MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, ISI Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google scholar, up to September 2018. Prospective cohort studies that reported GI and GL as the exposure and all-cause or CVD mortality as the outcome were included in the analysis. The random-effects model was used to estimate pooled RR and 95% CIs of all-cause and CVD mortality. Results Eighteen cohort studies with a total of 251,497 participants, reporting 14,774 cases of all-cause mortality and 3658 cases of CVD mortality, were included in the present analysis. No significant association was found between dietary GI and all-cause mortality (RR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.19) and CVD mortality (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.20). In addition, dietary GL was not associated with all-cause mortality (RR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.27) or CVD mortality (RR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.92, 1.25). However, the highest dietary GI, in comparison to the lowest one, significantly increased the risk of all-cause mortality in women (RR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.35). No evidence for a nonlinear association between dietary GI or GL and all-cause and CVD mortality was found (P > 0.05). Conclusions This meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies showed no significant association between either dietary GI or GL and all-cause and CVD mortality in men, but a positive association of GI with all-cause mortality in women.

scholarly journals Dietary intake and biomarkers of alpha linolenic acid and risk of all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies

BMJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. n2213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Naghshi ◽  
Dagfinn Aune ◽  
Joseph Beyene ◽  
Sara Mobarak ◽  
Masoomeh Asadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Objective To examine the associations between dietary intake and tissue biomarkers of alpha linolenic acid (ALA) and risk of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Data sources PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar to 30 April 2021. Study selection Prospective cohort studies that reported the risk estimates for death from all causes, CVD, and cancer. Data synthesis Summary relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for the highest versus lowest categories of ALA intake using random effects and fixed effects models. Linear and non-linear dose-response analyses were conducted to assess the dose-response associations between ALA intake and mortality. Results 41 articles from prospective cohort studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis, totalling 1 197 564 participants. During follow-up ranging from two to 32 years, 198 113 deaths from all causes, 62 773 from CVD, and 65 954 from cancer were recorded. High intake of ALA compared with low intake was significantly associated with a lower risk of deaths from all causes (pooled relative risk 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.83 to 0.97, I 2 =77.8%, 15 studies), CVD (0.92, 0.86 to 0.99, I 2 =48.2%, n=16), and coronary heart disease (CHD) (0.89, 0.81 to 0.97, I 2 =5.6%, n=9), and a slightly higher risk of cancer mortality (1.06, 1.02 to 1.11, I 2 =3.8%, n=10). In the dose-response analysis, a 1 g/day increase in ALA intake (equivalent to one tablespoon of canola oil or 0.5 ounces of walnut) was associated with a 5% lower risk of all cause (0.95, 0.91 to 0.99, I 2 =76.2%, n=12) and CVD mortality (0.95, 0.91 to 0.98, I 2 =30.7%, n=14). The pooled relative risks for the highest compared with lowest tissue levels of ALA indicated a significant inverse association with all cause mortality (0.95, 0.90 to 0.99, I 2 =8.2%, n=26). Also, based on the dose-response analysis, each 1 standard deviation increment in blood concentrations of ALA was associated with a lower risk of CHD mortality (0.92, 0.86 to 0.98, I 2 =37.1%, n=14). Conclusions The findings show that dietary ALA intake is associated with a reduced risk of mortality from all causes, CVD, and CHD, and a slightly higher risk of cancer mortality, whereas higher blood levels of ALA are associated with a reduced risk of all cause and CHD mortality only. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42021229487.

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