Abstract 392: Use of a Low Resource Model for Group Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training: Knowledge Gains and Attitude Changes

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Goldstein ◽  
Benjamin Goldstein ◽  
Joel Novograd ◽  
Inayzha Wallace ◽  
Leah Goldstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Knowledge Gains ◽  
Attitude Changes ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
Practice Skills

Introduction: CPR training and regular skills practice is often limited by the availability of a high resource device such as a manikin torso. We investigated the knowledge gains and attitude changes in student participants of group hands-only CPR training (20-50 participants) using a low resource device, a bed pillow, to practice skills. Methods: Hands-only CPR trainings, utilizing a bed pillow for skills practice, were conducted for groups of college students. Using a one-group pre-test post-test design, participants (n=360) completed a questionnaire which included demographic information, prior history of CPR training, and multiple-choice questions to evaluate knowledge. Five-point Likert scale questions were used to assess attitudes specific to willingness to perform CPR, confidence in ability to perform CPR and likeliness to practice skills in the next year. The survey was completed prior to training. The participants then watched a demonstration followed by interactive skills practice on a pillow. A specially designed printed pillow case was used to show hand position landmarks and review information. The post training survey was then completed and each participant was provided a printed pillow case for future skills practice and review. Results: 129 participants (36%) had no prior CPR training, there were more females 273 (76%) than males, and the average age of participants was 20 years old. Correct knowledge regarding depth of compressions increased by 47% (47 to 94) while speed of compression knowledge increased by 52% (40 to 92). In a paired analysis, there were significant differences (p<.0001) in all attitude measures from pre-to-post training. Willingness to perform CPR increased 31% (gain=0.94, pre test=3.01), confidence to perform CPR, 45% (gain=1.18, pre test=2.64) and likeliness to practice skills in the next year, 20% (gain=0.59, pre test=2.97). Conclusions: Participation in group hands-only CPR training using a low resource device for skills practice resulted in significant knowledge gains and improved attitudes in the areas of willingness to perform CPR, confidence to perform CPR and skills practice likeliness. This training method can provide an accessible and cost-effective means for providing group CPR training.

Abstract 137: Lack of Racial Diversity in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training Films: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtland Blount ◽  
Carlos Lynes ◽  
Jamaal Richie ◽  
Brittiany Narvaez ◽  
Danielle B Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Racial Diversity ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Introduction: Minorities are less likely to be CPR-trained, and less likely to receive bystander CPR compared to whites. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that modern CPR training films demonstrate poor racial diversity and therefore poor relevance to minority communities. Methods: Using the query “how to do CPR” in Google and YouTube, 350 and 500 films were reviewed. Exclusion criteria included: pre-2015, non-English, non-instructional, pediatric or animal victims, duplicates, parity, or in-hospital cardiac arrest. For each film, 4 racially-diverse evaluators identified the race of the instructor, rescuer, victim, and manikin as “white” or “non-white.” Films were scored on 6 aspects of CPR instruction: scene safety, check responsiveness, activate Emergency Medical Services, proper hand position, accurate rate, and appropriate depth of compressions. Similarly, the race of characters in CPR training films from the American Heart Association (AHA) and American Red Cross (ARC) were analyzed by one self-identified non-white evaluator. Results: Of 72 online films meeting the criteria, 50 used a human instructor (76% white); 19 showed a human victim (84% white); 70 depicted a human rescuer (74% white); and 58 featured a manikin (95% white) (p<0.0001 for all, white v. non-white). Only 10 of 72 films (14%) taught hands-only CPR, featured AT LEAST ONE non-white character, and were of high-quality ( > 5 aspects of CPR instruction). Inter-rater reliability was high (>0.775). We also reviewed 7 ARC and 7 AHA adult CPR training films (2015 or later). Four of 7 AHA films (57%) and 2 of 7 ARC films (29%) featured at least one non-white character (Figure 1). Conclusion: We identified only 10 online high-quality films teaching hands-only CPR which feature at least one non-white character. CPR instructional films from the AHA and ARC showed greater racial diversity. Improved racial representation in CPR training films is important to increase relevance to under-trained minority communities.

Abstract 226: Comparison of a Low and High Resource Model to Effectively Train College Students in Compression Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Goldstein ◽  
Benjamin Goldstein ◽  
Joel Novograd ◽  
Kailah Carden ◽  
Michelle Kirwan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Training Device ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Training Video ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Introduction: High quality chest compressions, as measured by depth and rate per minute, are an integral component of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). CPR compression skills are often taught on a high resource training device such as manikin torso. Use of these manikin torso devices may be limited by availability and cost, reducing the number of individuals trained in CPR. We hypothesize that a bed pillow, a low resource device, is as effective as a manikin torso, a high resource device, in training college students to perform compression only CPR. Methods: College students with no prior CPR training were randomized to one of two training rooms, one with a bed pillow (n=119) and one with a manikin torso (n=123). Each participant watched a two- minute training video, which included a demonstration using the respective device and a practice-while-watching technique chest compression skills practice. Each room had a certified CPR instructor to assist and answer any technical questions. Another CPR instructor, blinded to the training randomizations, observed each participant for one minute on a recording manikin that evaluated the depth and rate of compressions. Results: Manikin-trained students had a significantly higher mean rate of compressions per minute compared to the pillow-trained students (122.9 vs. 118.0; p= 0.028). The manikin group exceeded the recommended rate range (100-120 compressions per minute). There was no significant difference between compression depth in the two groups; manikin-trained students had an average compression depth of 38.27 mm while pillow-trained students had an average compression depth of 38.50 mm (p=0.89). Mean compression depth for both groups were below the guidelines (50-61 mm).There was no significant difference (p=0.81) between the overall CPR competency of the pillow-trained compared to the manikin-trained students as measured by rate and depth of compressions. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that a low resource pillow is comparable to a high resource manikin as a CPR training device. The use of a low resource training device can remove the barriers of cost and availability in training college students in CPR. This training method will allow for an increase in the number of people trained to save lives.

What is the Optimal Age for Students to Receive Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training?

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-398
Author(s):  
Ding-xiu He ◽  
Kai-sen Huang ◽  
YI Yang ◽  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Nan-lan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Asian Students ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Compression Rate ◽  
East Asian Students ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Caucasian Students ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
To Receive

AbstractObjectivesTraining students has been proven to be the optimal way to deliver cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills. However, it is somehow unknown whether or not the current recommendations appropriate for Caucasian students are also suitable for East Asian students. The purpose of this study is to explore the best age for East Asian students to receive CPR training.MethodsStudents were recruited from six schools. Students participated in a standard CPR training program provided by tutors. Each student attended a 60-minute training session with a manikin. After being trained, within one hour, the student’s compression quality was assessed.ResultsA total of 360 students who constituted 12 continuous grades were recruited for this study. Adequate compression depth and satisfactory compression rate with correct hand position could be achieved since the age of 12. However, successful compression rate and complete release could be achieved since the younger age of six.ConclusionsCurrent recommendations for Caucasian students to cultivate a full-capacity CPR rescuer at the age of 12 are also appropriate for East Asian students. However, the optimal age for students to receive CPR training should be decided based on evidence and importance assessment of CPR.He D, Huang K, Yang Y, Jiang W, Yang N, Yang H. What is the optimal age for students to receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation training? Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(4):394–398.

scholarly journals A framework for designing medical devices resilient to low-resource settings

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Piaggio ◽  
Rossana Castaldo ◽  
Marco Cinelli ◽  
Sara Cinelli ◽  
Alessia Maccaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delphi Study ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
High Resource ◽  
International Experts ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Background To date (April 2021), medical device (MD) design approaches have failed to consider the contexts where MDs can be operationalised. Although most of the global population lives and is treated in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMCIs), over 80% of the MD market share is in high-resource settings, which set de facto standards that cannot be taken for granted in lower resource settings. Using a MD designed for high-resource settings in LMICs may hinder its safe and efficient operationalisation. In the literature, many criteria for frameworks to support resilient MD design were presented. However, since the available criteria (as of 2021) are far from being consensual and comprehensive, the aim of this study is to raise awareness about such challenges and to scope experts’ consensus regarding the essentiality of MD design criteria. Results This paper presents a novel application of Delphi study and Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to develop a framework comprising 26 essential criteria, which were evaluated and chosen by international experts coming from different parts of the world. This framework was validated by analysing some MDs presented in the WHO Compendium of innovative health technologies for low-resource settings. Conclusions This novel holistic framework takes into account some domains that are usually underestimated by MDs designers. For this reason, it can be used by experts designing MDs resilient to low-resource settings and it can also assist policymakers and non-governmental organisations in shaping the future of global healthcare.

Low Resource ASR: The Surprising Effectiveness of High Resource Transliteration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Khare ◽  
Ashish Mittal ◽  
Anuj Diwan ◽  
Sunita Sarawagi ◽  
Preethi Jyothi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Resource ◽  
High Resource

Role of Dominant Hand Position during Chest Compression by Novice Rescuers: An Observational Simulation Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch Jo ◽  
Jh Ahn ◽  
Yd Shon ◽  
Gc Cho
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Cpr Training

Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hand positioning on the quality of external chest compression (ECC) by novice rescuers. Methods This observational simulation study was conducted for 117 included participants. After completion of an adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training program for 3-h, the participants selected which of their hands would be in contact with the mannequin during ECC and performed 5 cycles of single rescuer CPR on a recording mannequin. The participants were assigned to 2 groups: the dominant hand group (DH; n=40) and the non-dominant hand group (NH; n=29). The depth and rate of ECC were analysed to compare the effectiveness of ECC between 2 groups. Results The rate of ECC was significantly faster in the DH group (mean, 117.3 ±11.4/min) than in the NH group (mean, 110.9±12.2/min) (p=0.028). However, the depth of ECC in the dominant hand group (mean, 52.4±5.9 mm) was not significantly different from that in the non-dominant hand group (mean, 50.8±6.0 mm) (p=0.287). Similarly, the portion of ECC with inadequate depth in the dominant hand group (mean, 1.8±4.3%) was not significantly different from that in the non-dominant hand group (mean, 5.3±15.6%) (p=0.252). Conclusions ECC can be performed with an acceptably higher rate of compressions when the dominant hand of the novice rescuer is placed in contact with the sternum. However, the position of the dominant hand does not affect the depth of ECC. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2014;21:382-386)

scholarly journals Public Opinion on Community Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training: a Survey of Inhabitants of the Crimean Peninsula

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Birkun ◽  
Y. A. Kosova
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Motivation To Learn ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

Background.The chances of fatal outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest are exceeding 90%. However, the early initiation of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) substantially improves the probability of survival. The study was aimed to determine the extent of community CPR training, level of CPR knowledge, willingness and motivation to learn CPR among the population of the Crimea.Materials and methods.The representative sample of adult residents of the Crimean Peninsula (n=384) has been surveyed by means of individual structured interview from November 2017 to January 2018. The results were analyzed with social statistics.Results.According to the survey, 53% of respondents were previously trained in CPR. The training was performed mainly (82%) at work, school, college/technical school or university, or when acquiring a driver's license. The majority of females, people over 60, unemployed and retired, widowed and those with monthly income lower than 20,000 roubles are not trained. Of previously trained, 44% respondents attended a single CPR course, 72% were trained more than one year ago, 47% of participants had no previous training in CPR, mostly never thinking about the need to go for training. Being dependent from previous CPR training, the knowledge of CPR is generally poor: the proportions of correct answering as of the proper location and rate of chest compressions were 46% and 4%, respectively. Among the respondents, 56% expressed their willingness to attend CPR training. The main motivating factors to attend CPR training were awareness of importance of CPR training, potential health problems in relatives/friends and free-of-charge training.Conclusion.The Crimean population is insufficiently and non-uniformly trained in CPR, has limited knowledge of CPR and low motivation to learn. In order to increase the commitment of the community to provide first aid in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, mass CPR training programs should be implemented with active involvement of the least trained and motivated social strata.

Incorporating cardiopulmonary resuscitation training into a cardiac rehabilitation programme: A feasibility study

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susie Cartledge ◽  
Judith Finn ◽  
Janet E Bray ◽  
Rosalind Case ◽  
Lauren Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Rehabilitation Programme ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Self Instruction ◽  
Cpr Training

Background: Patients with a cardiac history are at future risk of cardiac events, including out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Targeting cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training to family members of cardiac patients has long been advocated, but is an area in need of contemporary research evidence. An environment yet to be investigated for targeted training is cardiac rehabilitation. Aim: To evaluate the feasibility of providing CPR training in a cardiac rehabilitation programme among patients, their family members and staff. Methods: A prospective before and after study design was used. CPR training was delivered using video self-instruction CPR training kits, facilitated by a cardiac nurse. Data was collected pre-training, post-training and at one month. Results: Cardiac patient participation rates in CPR classes were high ( n = 56, 72.7% of eligible patients) with a further 27 family members attending training. Patients were predominantly male (60.2%), family members were predominantly female (81.5%), both with a mean age of 65 years. Confidence to perform CPR and willingness to use skills significantly increased post-training (both p<0.001). Post training participants demonstrated a mean compression rate of 112 beats/min and a mean depth of 48 mm. Training reach was doubled as participants shared the video self-instruction kit with a further 87 people. Patients, family members and cardiac rehabilitation staff had positive feedback about the training. Conclusions: We demonstrated that cardiac rehabilitation is an effective and feasible environment to provide CPR training. Using video self-instruction CPR training kits enabled further training reach to the target population.

Abstract 446: Availability and Quality of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Films Featuring a Female Victim on the Internet: A Cross-Sectional Study

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Lynes ◽  
Lorrel Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Female Victim ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
The U.S

Introduction: Bystander cardiopulmonary (CPR) improves survival following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, women are less likely than men to receive CPR in public locations. Female-specific issues such as fear of touching breasts have been identified as barriers to performing CPR on women. The purpose of this study was to quantify and evaluate online CPR instructional films featuring a female victim. Methods: Using the search query “how to do CPR” via Google and YouTube, 374 and 500 films (38 and 25 result pages), respectively, were reviewed in May 2019. Exclusion criteria included: non-English, non-instructional, pediatric or animal victim, duplicates, parity, or in-hospital cardiac arrest. We identified 11 films featuring a female victim. These films were scored on 6 key aspects of CPR education: scene safety, check responsiveness, activate Emergency Medical Services, proper hand position, accurate rate, and appropriate depth of compressions. Results: Of the 874 reviewed films, 11 featured a female victim. Just 5 films were high-quality (correctly addressing 5 or 6 key aspects of CPR training, Figure 1). Furthermore, 2 of the 5 high-quality instructional films taught rescue breathing, which is no longer a recommended component of bystander CPR in the U.S. The remaining 3 films were all created outside the U.S. (Australia, New Zealand, England). None of the films explicitly addressed barriers to performing CPR on a female, including fear of touching breasts or concerns about causing harm. Conclusion: Out of the billions of films available online, we identified only 3 high-quality instructional films teaching modern, hands-only CPR featuring a female victim, none of which addressed specific female-related CPR issues. This gender disparity can be addressed with high-quality CPR training films that feature a female victim and explicitly address previously-identified barriers to performing CPR on a female.

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