Abstract P489: Effect of Continuous Intake of Hesperidin on Blood Pressure in 2-kidney, 1-clip Renovasucular Hypertensive Rats

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayuna Yamaoka ◽  
Yukiko Segawa ◽  
Saki Maruyama ◽  
Natsumi Saito ◽  
Hiroko Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Enos Mrna

Objective: Hesperidin (HES) is a flavonoid which is contained in citrus fruit peel. It has physiological effects on blood vessels such as strengthening capillary vessels. Thus, it is known to be one of the effective ingredients of herbal medicine. Some studies have shown that the intake of HES decreases blood pressure (BP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The antihypertensive effect of HES is suggested to be due to vasodilation by nitric oxide (NO). However, its mechanism has not been clarified in detail. In this study, we observed whether HES intake decreases BP in 2-kidney, 1-clip renovasucular hypertensive rats (2K1C) and evaluated endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) mRNA to investigate its role in the mechanism. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old) were treated with sham operation (SHAM) or clipping the left renal artery (2K1C). After surgery, the rats started receiving continuously a control diet (C) or a diet containing 0.1% (w/w) HES for 6 weeks. The systolic BP (SBP) was measured by a tail-cuff method every week. At the end of the protocol, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was measured in each rat under anesthesia. Then, the aortas were removed for extracting mRNA. eNOS mRNA expression was evaluated using real-time RT-PCR. Results: At the end of the protocol, SBP in 2K1C-C was significantly higher than in SHAM-C (170±6 vs 117±6 mmHg, p <0.001). On the other hand, 2K1C-HES was lower in SBP (141±4 mmHg) than 2K1C-C ( p <0.01). There were no significant differences between SHAM-HES (122±7 mmHg) and SHAM-C. MAP at the end of the protocol were similar to in SBP. ANOVA revealed mRNA expression of eNOS was significantly higher in 2K1C than in SHAM ( p <0.05), and showed no significant difference between C and HES, nor a significant interaction. Conclusion: Continuous intake of HES may suppress BP increase in 2K1C. The role of eNOS mRNA expression may not be involved in the mechanism.

Abstract 622: Role of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in a Capsaicin Diet-Induced Alleviation of Blood Pressure-Elevation in 2-Kidney, 1-Clip Hypertensive Rats

Hypertension ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Segawa ◽  
Hiroko Hashimoto ◽  
Tomoko Osera ◽  
Nobutaka Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Enos Mrna

Objective: Capsaicin directly acts on the sensory nerve ending and releases neuropeptides, which activate a vasodilator, nitric oxide (NO) and decrease blood pressure (BP). We demonstrated that BP elevation was alleviated by consuming a low concentration of capsaicin diet in 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats. We also observed that when 2K1C rats took the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, during the protocol, the effect of alleviating hypertension by dietary capsaicin was diminished. Thus, we hypothesized that NO is involved in the effect of capsaicin in 2K1C rats. In this study, to test the hypothesis, we observed endothelial NOS (eNOS) expression in 2K1C rats fed a diet containing capsaicin. Methods: Six-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with sham operation (SHAM) or clipping the left renal artery (2K1C). One week after the surgery, each group of rats were further divided into 2 groups randomly, which received either a control diet (CTL) or a diet containing 0.006% capsaicin (CAP) for 6 weeks. The systolic BP (SBP) was measured by a tail-cuff method once per week throughout the protocol. At the end of the protocol, MAP was measured in each rat under anesthesia. After euthanasia, the thoracic aortas were collected for extracting mRNA. Then, eNOS mRNA expression in aorta was evaluated in each group of rats by reverse transcriptase PCR. Results and Discussion: The present data of BP confirmed that capsaicin diet alleviates BP elevation in 2K1C rats. At six weeks after the surgery, SBP in 2K1C-CTL rats (183 ± 6 mmHg) was significantly higher than SHAM-CTL (124 ± 6 mmHg, p < 0.05), but SBP in 2K1C-CAP (140 ± 4 mmHg) was significantly lower than that in 2K1C-CTL. SHAM-CAP (129 ± 8 mmHg) did not show a significant difference in SBP with SHAM-CTL. MAP at the end of the protocol showed the same tendency as SBP. Moreover, eNOS mRNA expression was enhanced in 2K1C-CTL (0.39 ± 0.06) compared to SHAM-CTL (0.31 ± 0.04, p < 0.05). Although it was not enhanced in SHAM-CAP (0.30 ± 0.01) compared to SHAM-CTL, it was tended to be enhanced in 2K1C-CAP (0.43 ± 0.02) compared to 2K1C-CTL. These data suggested that dietary capsaicin decreased BP with elevation of eNOS mRNA expression in 2K1C rats, but did not change eNOS mRNA nor BP in SHAM normotensive rats.

Abstract P038: Dietary Capsaicin May Decrease Blood Pressure Through Enhancing NO With eNOS Activation in 2-Kidney, 1-Clip Hypertensive Rats

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Segawa ◽  
Hiroko Hashimoto ◽  
Tomoko Osera ◽  
Nobutaka Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Dietary Therapy ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Enos Mrna ◽  
Enos Protein Expression ◽  
Enos Protein

Objective: Capsaicin, a component of chili peppers, is reported to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular system through the vasodilative effects. We recently demonstrated the alleviation of blood pressure (BP) elevation by consuming a low concentration of capsaicin diet in 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats. Since the alleviation was diminished when 2K1C rats took NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, during the protocol, we hypothesized that NO has a key role in the effect of capsaicin in 2K1C rats. In this study, we observed eNOS mRNA expression and protein expressions of eNOS and phosphorylated eNOS in 2K1C rats fed a diet containing capsaicin. Methods: Six-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with sham operation (SHAM) or clipping the left renal artery (2K1C). One week after the surgery, each group of rats were further divided into 2 groups randomly, which received either a control diet (CTL) or a diet containing 0.006% capsaicin (CAP) for 6 weeks. The systolic BP was measured by a tail-cuff method once per week throughout the protocol. At the end of the protocol, rats were euthanized and the abdominal aortas were collected for extracting mRNA and protein. Then, the expression of eNOS mRNA and protein in aorta was evaluated in each group of rats by real time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results: As shown in Table, capsaicin diet alleviated BP elevation in 2K1C rats. After the dietary protocol, eNOS mRNA expression in 2K1C-CAP was significantly higher than in 2K1C-CTL. Although there were no significant differences in eNOS protein expression among four groups, phosphorylated eNOS protein expression in 2K1C-CAP was marginally significantly higher than in 2K1C-CTL. The expression was also significantly higher in 2K1C rats than in SHAM. Discussion: The present data suggested that dietary capsaicin decreases BP through enhancing NO with activation of eNOS in 2K1C hypertensive rats. It may be a clue for developing a dietary therapy for prevention of hypertension.

Abstract P165: Exploration of the Mechanism in Which Saccharina Japonica Alleviates an Increase in Blood Pressure in Renovasucular Hypertensive Rats

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saki Maruyama ◽  
Yukiko Segawa ◽  
Hiroko Hashimoto ◽  
Tomoko Osea ◽  
Nobutaka Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Saccharina Japonica ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor ◽  
Hypertensive Rats

Objective: Saccharina japonica (SJ), one of brown algae, is a common foodstuff in Japan and neighbor countries. Some studies have shown that the intake of SJ decreases blood pressure (BP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. As well, we previously observed it in 2-kidney, 1-clip renovascular hypertensive (2K1C) rats. However, the mechanism is still unclear. One of possible components of SJ which play an important role in decreasing BP is alginate. Since alginate is richer in the roots than in the blades in SJ, in the present study, we compared the effects in alleviating BP of intake of SJ roots with that of SJ blades in 2K1C rats. We also evaluated angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) mRNA to investigate the role of renin-angiotensin system in the mechanism. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 wks) were treated with sham operation (SHAM) or clipping the left renal artery (2K1C). After surgery, the rats started receiving a control diet (C) or a diet containing 5.0% (w/w) SJ blades (B), or SJ roots (R) for 6 weeks. The systolic BP (SBP) was measured by a tail-cuff method every week. At the end of the protocol, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured in each rat under anesthesia. Then, the aortas were removed for extracting mRNA. AT1R-mRNA expression was evaluated using reverse transcriptase quantitative real-time PCR. Results: SBP was significantly higher in 2K1C-C than SHAM-C through the experiment period (p<0.001). SBP in 2K1C-B and -R was significantly lower than in 2K1C-C (p<0.001). 2K1C-B showed a significant reduction in SBP compared with in 2K1C-R (p<0.05). At the end of the protocol, MAP showed the similar trend to SBP. AT1R mRNA expression was higher in 2K1C than in SHAM, but there were no significant differences among 2K1C-C, -B and -R. Conclusion: Although alginate is richer in the roots than in the blades in SJ, the effects in alleviating BP was higher in the blades than in the roots. Thus, alginate may play no major role in the mechanism. AT1R may not play an important role, neither. Therefore, we need investigate other possible mechanisms.

Abstract P198: Combination of Undaria Pinnatifida Sporophyll and Vinegar Remarkably Decreases Blood Pressure in 2-kidney, 1-clip Renovascular Hypertensive Rats

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saki Maruyama ◽  
Yukiko Segawa ◽  
Natsumi Saito ◽  
Ayuna Yamaoka ◽  
Hiroko Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Undaria Pinnatifida ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hypertensive Rats

Objective: One of foods necessary to Japanese cuisine “Washoku” is algae, including Saccharina japonica (SJ) and Undaria pinnatifida (UP). The intake of SJ was observed to decrease blood pressure (BP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats in some studies, and in 2-kidney, 1-clip hypertensive (2K1C) rats in our studies. Furthermore, we observed the interactive effects of SJ and vinegar on BP in 2K1C rats (Kitamura S et al; Hypertension 2013, Maruyama S et al; Hypertension 2016). In the present study, we investigated the interactive effects of UP sporophyll (UPS) and vinegar, as well as the effect of UPS, on BP in 2K1C rats. We also evaluated angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) mRNA expression, in the mechanism. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 wks) were treated with sham operation (SHAM) or clipping the left renal artery (2K1C). After surgery, the rats started receiving a control diet (C) or a diet with 5.0% (w/w) UPS, and a tap water or a water containing 5.0% (v/v) rice vinegar (V) for 6 weeks. Systolic BP (SBP) was measured by a tail-cuff method every week. At the end of the protocol, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured in each rat under anesthesia. Then, the aortas were removed for extracting mRNA. AT1R mRNA expression was evaluated using real-time RT-PCR. Results: Through the experiment period, SBP was significantly higher in 2K1C-C than in SHAM-C ( P < 0.001). Neither 2K1C-V nor -UPS showed significant differences in SBP from 2K1C-C. However, 2K1C-UPS+V provided a significant reduction in SBP compared with 2K1C-C, -V, and -UPS ( P < 0.01). At the end of the protocol, 2K1C-C was higher in SBP than SHAM-C (166 ± 3 vs 137 ± 3 mmHg, P < 0.001). 2K1C-UPS+V (155 ± 4 mmHg) was tended to be lower than 2K1C-C, -V (162 ± 8 mmHg), and -UPS (164 ± 3 mmHg). Thus, BP was reduced only in 2K1C-UPS+V in 2K1C animals. The observations in MAP were similar to in the SBP. No significant differences in AT1R mRNA expression were observed among SHAM-C (1.3 ± 0.2), 2K1C-C (1.2 ± 0.3), -V (1.0 ± 0.2), -UPS (1.3 ± 0.2) and -UPS+V (1.0 ± 0.2). Conclusion: UPS and vinegar may decrease BP collaboratively in 2K1C rats. AT1R mRNA may not play an important role in the mechanism.

Abstract P196: Effect of Combined Oral Intake of Ginger Extract and Rice Vinegar on Blood Pressure with 2-kidney,1-clip Renovascular Hypertensive Rats

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Saito ◽  
Yukiko Segawa ◽  
Saki Maruyama ◽  
Ayuna Yamaoka ◽  
Hiroko Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
No Production ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor ◽  
Enos Mrna ◽  
Rice Vinegar

Objective: Ginger is widely used as traditional Asian herbal medicine. Ginger has the same pungent ingredient as chili and vanillyl. We showed that administration of capsaicin to renovascular hypertension (RH) model rats increased endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) mRNA expression and NO production, and suppressed blood pressure (BP). Traditionally in Japan, ginger is pickled and eaten. Ginger and vinegar each are supposed to have an effect of suppressing an increase in BP in RH rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect. Method: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6wks) were treated with sham operation (SHAM) as controls or clipping the left renal artery (2K1C) as RH model. After surgery, the rats started receiving a control diet (C) or a diet with 0.08% (w/w) of Ginger Extract (GE) for 6 weeks, and a tap water (W) or a water with 4.5% (v/v) rice vinegar (V). The systolic BP (SBP) was measured by a tail-cuff method every week. At the end of the protocol, the mean arterial BP (MAP) was measured under anesthesia. Then, the aortas were removed for extracting mRNA. mRNA for angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT 2 ) and eNOS was evaluated by real-time RT-PCR. Results: Through the experiment period, SBP was significantly effects in time, model (SHAM vs 2K1C), diet (C vs GE) , timeхanimal ( P <0.001, each) and water (W vs V) ( P <0.05). At the end of the protocol, 2K1C-C+W was higher in SBP than SHAM-C+W (176 ± 6 vs 138 ± 1 mmHg, P <0.05). 2K1C-GE+W showed lower SBP (150 ± 2 mmHg) than -C+W ( P <0.05). SBP was not significantly different in 2K1C-GE+V (149 ± 4mmHg) from in -GE+W. The observations in MAP were similar to those in SBP. AT 2 R mRNA expression showed significant effects in model ( P <0.05) : the mRNA in 2K1C-C+W (0.9 ± 0.2) was significantly greater than in SHAM-C+W (0.4 ± 0.1) ( P <0.05). There were no significant differences among the 2K1Cs: -C+W, -C+V (0.9 ± 0.1), -GE+W (0.8 ± 0.1) and -GE+V (0.9 ± 0.2). eNOS mRNA expression showed significant effects only in diet (CTL vs GE, P <0.05), but not in water and any interactions. Conclusion: Continuous ingestion of GE and V may suppress BP increase in 2K1C, respectively. Simultaneous ingestion of GE and V showed no enhanced effects compared to GE or V solo ingestion in 2K1C. The roles of eNOS and AT 2 R in the mechanism did not become clear in this study.

Abstract P169: Effects Of Saccharina Japonica Intake On Blood Pressure In Normotensive Rats Fed A High-salt Diet

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saki Maruyama ◽  
Yukiko Segawa ◽  
Ayaka Harui ◽  
Hiroko Hashimoto ◽  
Tomoko Osera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saccharina Japonica ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

Objectives: One of foods used for Japanese cuisine “Washoku” is brown algae, including Saccharina japonica (SJ). The intake of SJ is reported to decrease blood pressure (BP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats in some studies, and in 2-kidney, 1-clip hypertensive (2K1C) rats in our studies. Several studies indicated that dietary fibers contained in SJ, such as alginate and fucoidan, may play an important role in reducing BP. We previously demonstrated that SJ intake did not decrease BP in normotensive rats fed a normal-salt (NS) diet. We also observed that the suppression of BP rise by SJ intake was stronger in 2K1C rats fed a high-salt (HS) diet than in 2K1C rats fed an NS diet. An HS diet may lead to the development of hypertension in both humans and rats. However, to our knowledge, it has not been reported that the effect of SJ intake on BP in normotensive rats fed an HS diet. In this study, we compared the effects of SJ intake on BP between in normotensive and hypertensive rats when fed an HS diet. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats (6 wks) were treated with sham operation (SHAM) or clipping the left renal artery (2K1C). After surgery, rats were received a control diet (CTL) or a diet contained 5.0% (5 of 100, w/w) SJ, with an NS (0.7% NaCl) or HS (6.0% NaCl) in diets for 6 weeks. Systolic BP (SBP) was measured by a tail-cuff method every week. At the end of the protocol, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured in each rat under anesthesia. Results and Discussion: Analysis of variance showed that SBP was significantly higher in 2K1C-HS-CTL than in SHAM-HS-CTL (P<0.001, 156±4 vs 131±2 mmHg at the 6th week), and that SBP was lower in 2K1C-HS-SJ (146±3 mmHg) than in 2K1C-HS-CTL (P<0.05). On the other hand, there were no significant differences in SBP among SHAM groups. MAP in 2K1C-HS-CTL rats was significantly higher than that in SHAM-HS-CTL rats (153±2 vs 132±4 mmHg, P<0.005). MAP in 2K1C-HS-SJ (140±5 mmHg) rats was significantly lower than that in 2K1C-HS-CTL rats (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in MAP among SHAM groups. These findings suggested that SJ intake has an antihypertensive effect in a hypertensive model of rats, but no effect of lowering BP in a normotensive model of rats, unlike antihypertensive drugs, which reduce BP in both hypertensive and normotensive model.

Abstract P609: Saccharina Japonica Soaked In Vinegar Remarkably Decreased Blood Pressure In 2-kidney, 1-clip Renovascular Hypertensive Rats.

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saki Maruyama ◽  
Yukiko Segawa ◽  
Hiroko Hashimoto ◽  
Tomoko Osera ◽  
Nobutaka Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saccharina Japonica ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Objective: One of foods indispensable to Japanese cuisine “Washoku” is algae, including Saccharina japonica (SJ) and Undaria pinnatifida. The intake of SJ is reported to decrease blood pressure (BP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats in some studies, and in 2-kidney, 1-clip hypertensive (2K1C) rats in our studies. Since SJ soaked in vinegar is often used in Japanese cuisine, we observed the effects of dietary intake of SJ soaked in vinegar on BP in 2K1C rats. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 wks) were treated with sham operation (SHAM) or clipping the left renal artery (2K1C). After surgery, the rats started receiving a control diet (C), a diet with 5.0% (w/w) SJ (S), or a diet with 5.0% SJ soaked in 5.0% (v/v) vinegar (SV). Systolic BP (SBP) was measured by a tail-cuff method every week for 6 weeks. At the end of the protocol, mean arterial BP (MAP) was measured in each rat under anesthesia. Results and Discussion: Analysis of variance shows that SBP was significantly higher in 2K1C-C than SHAM-C through the experimental period (P<0.001), and that SBP was lower in 2K1C-S (P<0.05) and -SV (P<0.001) than in 2K1C-C (Fig). It also demonstrated that 2K1C-SV provided a significant reduction in SBP compared with 2K1C-S (p<0.001). At the end of the protocol, MAP in 2K1C-C was significantly higher than SHAM-C (154±4 vs 141±4 mmHg, P<0.05). Compared with 2K1C-C, a significant reduction in MAP was observed not in 2K1C-S (143±2 mmHg) but in 2K1C-SV (133±4 mmHg, p<0.05). Soaking in vinegar might bring alginate, which is one of possible components playing an important role in decreasing BP by SJ, to a low molecule and enhance the effect. Conclusion: SJ soaked in vinegar may decrease BP more than SJ in 2K1C rats.

Abstract 507: Glutamic Acid May Not Contribute to the Mechanism in Which Saccharina Japonica Attenuates Hypertension in 2-Kidney, 1-Clip Renovascular Hypertensive Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Segawa ◽  
Hiroko Hashimoto ◽  
Saki Maruyama ◽  
Tomoko Osera ◽  
Nobutaka Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saccharina Japonica ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Saccharina japonica (SJ), one of brown algae, is cultivated or grows wild in Japan and neighbor countries. The extract “dashi” is used for soup stock in Japan. We reported the decreases in blood pressure (BP) both by the intake of SJ diet and by dashi extracted from SJ (DASHI) in 2-kidney, 1-clip renovascular hypertensive (2K1C) rats. Some researchers have suggested that alginic acid (AA) may be involved in the mechanism of the SJ effect. However, DASHI contains AA as much as 5%(5 of 100) of what the original SJ contains. Thus, the antihypertensive effects by SJ in 2K1C may be through the other contents of SJ. SJ is rich in Glutamic acid (GA) which is one of the umami, the intake of which was reported to decrease BP in human in epidemiologic studies. GA is eluted from the SJ into the DASHI when extracting DASHI from SJ. Therefore, we hypothesized that GA in DASHI contributes to the mechanism of BP decreased by DASHI diet in 2K1C rats. In this study, we observed BP in 2K1C rats fed a diet containing GA as much as that in the SJ diet which had decreased BP in the previous study. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6wks) were treated with sham operation (SHAM) or clipping the left renal artery (2K1C). After surgery, the rats started receiving a control diet (C) or a diet containing L-GA (G) for 6 weeks. The systolic BP (SBP) was measured by a tail-cuff method every week. At the end, mean arterial BP (MAP) was measured in each rat under anesthesia. Result: Six weeks after the surgery, SBP was significantly higher in 2K1C-C than in SHAM-C (163±2 vs 111±5 mmHg, p<0.05). In 2K1C-G (171±7), it showed no significant difference compared with 2K1C-C and was significantly higher than that in SHAM-C (p<0.05). At the end of the protocol, MAP showed the similar results to SBP. Conclusion: Glutamic acid may not contribute to the mechanism of alleviating hypertension by dietary SJ and SJ extract in 2K1C.

scholarly journals Effect of high-fat diet during gestation, lactation, or postweaning on physiological and behavioral indexes in borderline hypertensive rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (1) ◽  
pp. R20-R28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anaya Mitra ◽  
Kristin M. Alvers ◽  
Erica M. Crump ◽  
Neil E. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Arterial Blood

Maternal obesity is becoming more prevalent. We used borderline hypertensive rats (BHR) to investigate whether a high-fat diet at different stages of development has adverse programming consequences on metabolic parameters and blood pressure. Wistar dams were fed a high- or low-fat diet for 6 wk before mating with spontaneously hypertensive males and during the ensuing pregnancy. At birth, litters were fostered to a dam from the same diet group as during gestation or to the alternate diet condition. Female offspring were weaned on either control or “junk food” diets until about 6 mo of age. Rats fed the high-fat junk food diet were hyperphagic relative to their chow-fed controls. The junk food-fed rats were significantly heavier and had greater fat pad mass than those rats maintained on chow alone. Importantly, those rats suckled by high-fat dams had heavier fat pads than those suckled by control diet dams. Fasting serum leptin and insulin levels differed as a function of the gestational, lactational, and postweaning diet histories. Rats gestated in, or suckled by high-fat dams, or maintained on the junk food diet were hyperleptinemic compared with their respective controls. Indirect blood pressure did not differ as a function of postweaning diet, but rats gestated in the high-fat dams had lower mean arterial blood pressures than those gestated in the control diet dams. The postweaning dietary history affected food-motivated behavior; junk food-fed rats earned less food pellets on fixed (FR) and progressive (PR) ratio cost schedules than chow-fed controls. In conclusion, the effects of maternal high-fat diet during gestation or lactation were mostly small and transient. The postweaning effects of junk food diet were evident on the majority of the parameters measured, including body weight, fat pad mass, serum leptin and insulin levels, and operant performance.

Abstract P029: Aspartate And Potassium Aspartate May Contribute To A Mechanism By Which Saccharina Japonica Extract Attenuates Hypertension In 2-kidney, 1-clip Renovascular Hypertensive Rats.

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Segawa ◽  
Saki Maruyama ◽  
Hiroko Hashimoto ◽  
Tomoko Osera ◽  
Nobutaka Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saccharina Japonica ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Umami Taste ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Introduction: Saccharina japonica (SJ) is one of brown algae. The extract of SJ (SJE) is often used for soup stock in Japanese cuisine. We recently observed the decreases in blood pressure (BP) by intake of SJ or SJE diet in 2-kidney, 1-clip renovascular hypertensive (2K1C) rats. SJ is rich in aspartate (Asp), which is the umami taste of amino acid. The intake of Asp was reported to reduce BP in Dahl salt sensitive rats. As well, the potassium Asp (AspK) intake was reported to improve BP in hypertensive patients. 70% (70 of 100) of amino acids such as Asp are eluted into the SJE from SJ. Therefore, we hypothesized that Asp in SJE contributes to the mechanism of BP reduced by dietary SJE in 2K1C rats. In this study, we observed BP in 2K1C rats fed a diet containing Asp or AspK and investigated whether those diets alleviate hypertension to the same extent of the diet containing SJE. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 wks) were treated with sham operation (SHAM) or clipping the left renal artery (2K1C). After surgery, the rats fed a control diet (C), a diet containing Asp, AspK or SJE for 6 weeks. The content of SJE was set to be the same as that in our previous study. The amount of Asp in diet was set to be the same as that in our previous study which showed the antihypertensive effect of SJ. The amount of AspK in diet was set to be equimolar to Asp. The systolic BP (SBP) was measured by a tail-cuff method every week. At the end of the procedure, mean arterial BP (MAP) was measured in each rat under anesthesia. Results: Six weeks after the surgery, 2K1C-C significantly increased in SBP compared with SHAM-C (126±2 vs 159±4 mmHg, p<0.05). However, 2K1C-Asp (138±3), -AspK (142±4), and -SJE (135±4) decreased compared with 2K1C-C (p<0.05) respectively. MAP was significantly higher in 2K1C-C than in SHAM-C (162±3 vs 131±5, p<0.05). It showed a significant decrease in 2K1C-Asp (142±3), -AspK (148±3) and -SJE (144±4), compared with 2K1C-C (p<0.05), respectively. There were no significant differences among 2K1C-Asp, -AspK and -SJE, in either SBP or MAP. Conclusions: Asp and AspK may attenuate hypertension in 2K1C renovascular hypertension as much as SJE which contains similar quantities of Asp. It is possible that Asp and/or AspK eluted into SJE contributes to the mechanism of alleviating hypertension by SJE in 2K1C.

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