Abstract P138: Long-term Effects Of Severe Caloric Restriction To The Heart Function

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline M De Souza ◽  
Jonathas Almeida ◽  
Nataliia Shults ◽  
Hong Ji ◽  
Kathryn Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Isolated Hearts ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
And Function

Severe caloric restriction (sCR) increases the risk for acute cardiovascular disease. Less understood are the long-term effects on cardiovascular disease risk after the sCR period has ended. We investigated the effects of sCR on heart structure and function months after refeeding (sCR-Refed). Female Fischer rats (3-months-old) were maintained on (CT) ad libitum or a 60% caloric restricted diet for 2 weeks. Thereafter, all rats received ad libitum chow for 3 months and they were analyzed by precision ultrasound to assess their heart function. After imaging, the animals were sacrificed and the hearts were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) using a Langendorff preparation. After 2 weeks of sCR, rats lost 15% of their initial body weight (BW) [% (100*(Final-Initial/Initial)): CT, 1.5±0.8 vs sCR, -15.4±1.1; p<0.001;n=8]. After 3 months of refeeding, there was no detectable difference in BW between CT and sFR-Refed groups. Isolated hearts from the sCR-Refed rats exhibited worse myocardial pathology after I/R compared to CT rats. The parallel orientation of myofibers and striations normally present in cardiomyocytes was lost in sCR-Refed rats. Further analysis revealed uneven blood-filling of the microcirculatory vessels and prominent interstitial edema of the myocardium. Hearts from sCR-Refed rats had more atrophied cardiomyocytes than CT [Atrophied/Total (%): CT, 0.2±0.1 vs sCR-Refed, 50.6±1.1; p<0.001; n=5]. The number of arrhythmic events during a 30 min ischemic interval in isolated hearts doubled after 2 weeks on the sCR diet ( data not shown ) and remained doubled 3 months later [Arrhythmias (% of time): CT, 34±8 vs sCR-Refed, 68±9; p=0.02; n=8]. Ultrasound imaging showed no difference in stroke volume, coronary perfusion pressure and left ventricular mass. However, the thickness of the left ventricular posterior wall was significantly reduced in sCR-Refed rats [(mm): CT, 2.55 ±0.03 vs sCR-Refed, 2.10±0.04; p=0.002; n=4]. These findings indicate heart structure and function remained damaged months after the sCR period ended and BW was restored. These studies have adverse cardiovascular risk implications for who are subjected either voluntarily (crash diets) or involuntarily (very low food security) to periods of inadequate caloric intake.

scholarly journals Early Left Ventricular Dysfunction Detected by Speckle Tracking in Long-Term Hemodialysis Patients with Valvular Calcification

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahui Li ◽  
Aili Li ◽  
Jiali Wang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Ying Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Subtle Change ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
And Function

Purpose: Cardiac valve calcification (VC) is very common in patients on hemodialysis. However, the definite effect of VC on left ventricular (LV) geometry and function in this population is unknown, especially when LV ejection fraction (LVEF) is normal. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of VC on LV geometry and function in long-term hemodialysis patients by conventional echocardiography and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). Methods: A total of 47 hemodialysis patients (2–3 times weekly for 5 years or more) were enrolled in this study. Cardiac VC was defined as bright echoes of more than 1 mm on one or more cusps of the aortic valve or mitral valve or mitral annulus using echocardiography as the screening method. LV longitudinal global strain (GLS) was assessed on the apical four-chamber view and calculated as the mean strain of 6 segments. LV global circumferential strain was acquired on the LV short axis view at the level of papillary muscles. Results: Twenty-five patients with VC had higher mean values of interventricular septum thickness, LV posterior wall thickness, LV mass index, relative wall thickness, and LV mass/end-diastolic volume than 22 patients without VC (p < 0.05, respectively), indicating more obvious LV hypertrophy (LVH). VC patients had higher mitral annular E/E′ values, especially at the septal side representing increased LV filling pressure compatible with diastolic dysfunction, while only the E/E′ ratio of the septal side was significantly different between the 2 groups (16.7 ± 4.1 vs. 12.3 ± 4.4, p < 0.01). When assessed by GLS, LV longitudinal systolic function was also lower in in patients with VC compared with those without VC (–0.18 ± 0.03 vs. –0.25 ± 0.04; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Cardiac VC diagnosed by echocardiography when it occurs in long-term hemodialysis patients may indicate more severe LVH, myocardial damage, and worse heart function in comparison to those without VC. Tissue Doppler imaging and 2D-STE can detect the subtle change of heart function in this population in the early stage of LV dysfunction when LVEF is normal.

scholarly journals Nonparallel Progression of Left Ventricular Structure and Function in Long-Term Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuhong Shi ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Sheng Feng ◽  
Huaying Shen ◽  
Jianchang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Left Atrial Diameter ◽  
And Function

Background/Aims: Left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction are key cardiovascular risk factors of patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic changes of left ventricular (LV) structure and function in patients on long-term PD. Methods: Patients who underwent PD catheter insertions from January 2010 to December 2012 in our PD center were enrolled into this study. Cardiac structure and function of those patients were determined by echocardiography (4 times) at 12-month intervals. Patients' biochemical parameters, body mass index, blood pressure, urine output, ultrafiltration, and total fluid removal volume were collected. The use of antihypertensive drugs and active vitamin D3 was also recorded. Results: A total of 40 patients were included. After 3 years of follow-up, patients' PD duration time, LV mass/height2.7 (p = 0.580), interventricular septal thickness (p = 0.216), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (p = 0.216), and LV ejection fraction (p = 0.270) did not show significant changes during the follow-up. In contrast, the E/A ratio (p = 0.004) and e' (p < 0.001) were statistically decreased, and the E/e' ratio (p = 0.006) was increased. Left atrial diameter was increased (p = 0.008), but the changes in left atrial diameter index did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.090). Conclusion: Long-term PD patients maintain stable LV structure and cardiac systolic function, but cardiac diastolic function declines over time.

scholarly journals Importance of Vector Velocity Echocardiography and NT-proBNP in Identifying Individuals with Preclinical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu L ◽  
Zhou Q ◽  
Long X ◽  
Peng Q ◽  
Yang Z
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Velocity Vector ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Structure ◽  
And Function ◽  
Conventional Echocardiography

Background and aim: Familial HCM gene mutation carriers without overt left ventricular hypertrophy (gene positive/phenotype negative G+/P-) can harbor subclinical changes in cardiovascular structure and function that precede the development of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM). Conventional echocardiography parameter ejection fraction is normal in HCM patients. We sought to investigate whether Velocity Vector Imaging (VVI) and NT-proBNP are more sensitive to evaluate heart function.

scholarly journals Long-term effects of losartan on structure and function of the thoracic aorta in a mouse model of Marfan syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. 1503-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
HH Clarice Yang ◽  
Jong Moo Kim ◽  
Elliott Chum ◽  
Cornelis van Breemen ◽  
Ada WY Chung
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
And Function
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