scholarly journals S1PR (Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor) Signaling in the Regulation of Vascular Tone and Blood Pressure

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Meissner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Regulation Of Vascular Tone

Cardiovascular and renal control in NOS-deficient mouse models

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (3) ◽  
pp. R628-R638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Ortiz ◽  
Jeffrey L. Garvin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
No Production ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Nos Isoforms ◽  
Regulation Of Vascular Tone

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an essential role in the maintenance of cardiovascular and renal homeostasis. Endogenous NO is produced by three different NO synthase (NOS) isoforms: endothelial NOS (eNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and neuronal NOS (nNOS). To investigate which NOS is responsible for NO production in different tissues, NOS knockout (−/−) mice have been generated for the three isoforms. This review focuses on the regulation of cardiovascular and renal function in relation to blood pressure homeostasis in the different NOS−/− mice. Although regulation of vascular tone and cardiac function in eNOS−/− has been extensively studied, far less is known about renal function in these mice. eNOS−/− mice are hypertensive, but the mechanism responsible for their high blood pressure is still not clear. Less is known about cardiovascular and renal control in nNOS−/− mice, probably because their blood pressure is normal. Recent data suggest that nNOS plays important roles in cardiac function, renal homeostasis, and regulation of vascular tone under certain conditions, but these are only now beginning to be studied. Inasmuch as iNOS is absent from the cardiovascular system under physiological conditions, it may become important to blood pressure regulation only during pathological conditions related to inflammatory processes. However, iNOS is constitutively expressed in the kidney, where its function is largely unknown. Overall, the study of NOS knockout mice has been very useful and produced many answers, but it has also raised new questions. The appearance of compensatory mechanisms suggests the importance of the different isoforms to specific processes, but it also complicates interpretation of the data. In addition, deletion of a single gene may have physiologically significant effects in addition to those being studied. Thus the presence or absence of a specific phenotype may not reflect the most important physiological function of the absent gene.

scholarly journals Endothelial Transporter Spinster 2 (SPNS2) and Apolipoprotein M (ApoM) Regulation of Vascular Tone and Hypertension via Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P)

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Del Gaudio ◽  
Luisa Rubinelli ◽  
Linda Sasset ◽  
Christian Wadsack ◽  
Timothy Hla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Apolipoprotein M ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Regulation Of Vascular Tone

scholarly journals GPER/GPR30 and Regulation of Vascular Tone and Blood Pressure

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias R. Meyer ◽  
Eric R. Prossnitz ◽  
Matthias Barton
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Regulation Of Vascular Tone

scholarly journals Endothelial Spns2 and ApoM Regulation of Vascular Tone and Hypertension Via Sphingosine‐1‐Phosphate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Del Gaudio ◽  
Luisa Rubinelli ◽  
Linda Sasset ◽  
Christian Wadsack ◽  
Timothy Hla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
No Production ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate

Background Most of the circulating sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) is bound to ApoM (apolipoprotein M) of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) and mediates many beneficial effects of HDL on the vasculature via G protein–coupled S1P receptors. HDL‐bound S1P is decreased in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and diabetes mellitus. In addition to being the target, the endothelium is a source of S1P, which is transported outside of the cells by Spinster‐2, contributing to circulating S1P as well as to local signaling. Mice lacking endothelial S1P receptor 1 are hypertensive, suggesting a vasculoprotective role of S1P signaling. This study investigates the role of endothelial‐derived S1P and ApoM‐bound S1P in regulating vascular tone and blood pressure. Methods and Results ApoM knockout (ApoM KO) mice and mice lacking endothelial Spinster‐2 (ECKO‐Spns2) were infused with angiotensin II for 28 days. Blood pressure, measured by telemetry and tail‐cuff, was significantly increased in both ECKO‐Spns2 and ApoM KO versus control mice, at baseline and following angiotensin II. Notably, ECKO‐Spns2 presented an impaired vasodilation to flow and blood pressure dipping, which is clinically associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events. In hypertension, both groups presented reduced flow‐mediated vasodilation and some degree of impairment in endothelial NO production, which was more evident in ECKO‐Spns2. Increased hypertension in ECKO‐Spns2 and ApoM KO mice correlated with worsened cardiac hypertrophy versus controls. Conclusions Our study identifies an important role for Spinster‐2 and ApoM‐HDL in blood pressure homeostasis via S1P‐NO signaling and dissects the pathophysiological impact of endothelial‐derived S1P and ApoM of HDL‐bound S1P in hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy.

Advantages of a personalized approach to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the staff of the INC Of the SBRAS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Виктория Киреева ◽  
Viktoriya Kireeva ◽  
Г. Лифшиц ◽  
G. Lifshic ◽  
Н. Кох ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Testing ◽  
Hypertensive Disease ◽  
Molecular Genetic Study ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
Regulation Of Blood Pressure ◽  
Regulation Of Vascular Tone

Purpose of the study. To test the functional associations of polymorphic variants of genes in the regulation of blood pressure and vascular tone in employees of the ISC SB RAS. Materials and methods. The study involved patients, employees of the ISC SB RAS, being under care of the outpatient clinic of the Hospital of the ISC SB RAS. During routine laboratory testing the patients were taken 2 ml of blood for genetic analysis and further molecular genetic study on “Hypertension”, “Endothelial dysfunction”, “Pharmacogenetics”, “Inflammatory response” panels. Results. In the analysis of 12 genes coding for key proteins of hormonal enzyme blood pressure regulation systems, polymorphism of CYP11B2 showed statistically significant correlation with the presence of arterial hypertension, which makes its further study promising. The presence of allele C showed protective significance in relation to the development of hypertension with OR = 0,247. When checking associations of functional polymorphic variants of genes, the products of which are involved in the regulation of vascular tone, with hypertension in patients younger than 50 years old we found association of T/T rs5443GNB3 genotype with the debut of hypertensive disease under the age of 50. The data obtained allow the doctor to choose the most personalized and effective safe drug from certain groups, as well as its dose for employees having passed molecular genetic testing. These data can reveal predisposition to the most widespread and socially significant diseases in the surveyed subjects and provide specific personalized recommendations for the prevention of these diseases.

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