Abstract WP241: Prevalence of Subclinical Extracranial Carotid Atherosclerosis Detected by Ultrasound Among Amerindians: A Population Study in Rural Ecuador

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor J Del Brutto ◽  
Jose G Romano ◽  
Robertino M Mera ◽  
Jonathan P Amodio ◽  
Tatjana Rundek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
The Mean

Background: Epidemiological information on extracranial carotid atherosclerosis (ECA) among Amerindians is limited. We aim to determine the prevalence of subclinical ECA and its correlation with cardiovascular risk factors in community-dwelling adults of Amerindian ancestry living in a rural Ecuadorian village. Methods: Utilizing a population-based design, stroke-free individuals aged ≥40 years were invited to undergo carotid ultrasound. Subclinical ECA was defined as an intima-media thickness (cIMT) >1mm and/or the presence of carotid plaques (focal intima thickening >1.5mm that protrudes into the lumen). Degree of luminal stenosis was calculated and considered significant if >50%. We investigated the association between these biomarkers and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: Of 728 candidates, 559 (77%) stroke-free individuals underwent carotid sonographic evaluation and were included. The mean age was 62.3 ±12.5 and 238 (43%) were men. The mean value of the cIMT was 0.85 ± 0.17mm (median cIMT: 0.83mm; IQ range: 0.74-0.92 mm). The prevalence of increased cIMT, carotid plaques, and increased cIMT and/or carotid plaques were 14%, 23.8%, and 26.1%, respectively. Table depicts the association of these biomarkers with cardiovascular risk factors. A multinomial logistic regression model, using individuals with normal carotids as the referent category, showed significant associations of ECA with increasing age, male gender, smoking and high blood pressure. Significant carotid stenosis was found in 19 subjects (3.4%). Conclusions: About one-fourth of Amerindians living in a rural setting have subclinical ECA. Increasing age, male gender, smoking and high blood pressure were independent determinants of the burden of ECA, while elevated glucose and total cholesterol showed no significant association. Obesity was inversely associated with ECA in univariate analysis, but such association disappeared in the multivariate model.

High blood pressure and associated cardiovascular risk factors in France

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1727-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Asmar ◽  
Sylviane Vol ◽  
Bruno Pannier ◽  
Anne-Marie Brisac ◽  
Jean Tichet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
High Blood Pressure

scholarly journals Role of Duke treadmill score in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in women

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Alexandra Dǎdârlat ◽  
D. Zdrenghea ◽  
Dana Pop
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Duke Treadmill Score

Abstract Ischemic heart disease is underdiagnosed in women due to atypical symptomatology as well as to the lower specificity of several paraclinical tests, such as exercise stress testing. The aim of the study was to ascertain whether the Duke treadmill score (DTS) could be an efficient parameter in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in women. Material and method. 105 patients were enrolled in the study, 45.71% women with average age ranged between 20 and 70 years, investigated in the Rehabilitation Hospital, Cardiology-Departament, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. All the patients were clinically assessed as concerns the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, and they underwent electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and treadmill stress tests. DST was calculated according to the formula: exercise time – 5 x (ST deviation expressed in mm–4 x Angina Index). Results. DTS was lower in women as compared to men: 2.54±5.36 vs. 6±4.69, p=0.0006. 54.28% of the patients were ranged with a low DTS risk category, whereas 45.71% belonged to a moderate and high risk category. DTS was significantly lower in women than in men with high blood pressure (2.03±4.8 vs. 5.8±4.28), hypercholesterolemia (1.14±4.51 vs. 6.24±4.13), diabetes mellitus (1.83 ± 3.73 vs. 6.13±4.8), and obesity (2.42±5.35 vs. 5.81±4.64). By analyzing the presence of cardiovascular risk factors only in women, we noticed that only those with high blood pressure (2.03±4.89 vs. 8.13 ±7.85) and hypercholesterolemia (2.31±4.76 vs. 3.89±5.95) had a statistically significant low DTS (p<0.05). In conclusion, our research, which showed differences in DTS between women and men, raises concerns about the early diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in women.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and their Relationship with Endothelial Dysfunction in Rural and Urban South African Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna N. Matjuda ◽  
Godwill Azeh Engwa ◽  
Samuel Nkeh Chungag Anye ◽  
Benedicta N. Nkeh Chungag ◽  
Nandu Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Urban Settings ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Rural And Urban

Abstract Background: Endothelial dysfunction is known to be an initiator to the development and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is paucity o knowledge on its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in children. More so, some of these cardiovascular risk factors are known to be influenced by feeding habits and life style changes which often vary between rural and urban settings. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and endothelial function in rural and urban children. Methods: A cross-sectional study on 6-9 years old children in randomly selected rural and urban schools of the Eastern Cape Province of South Arica was conducted. General anthropometric indices were measured followed by blood pressure (BP) measurements. The pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured using a Vicorder. Urine sample was collected for the determination of albumin, creatinine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), 8-hydroxy-2deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). Albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) was calculated.Results: Children from urban settings (10.8%) had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity than their rural counterparts (8.5%) while the prevalence of elevated/high blood pressure was higher in rural children (23.2%) than in urban children (19.0%). Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) significantly (p<0.005) increased with increasing quartiles of PWV. ADMA positively associated with HR in rural girls and showed a weak risk for elevated SBP and MAP. Body mass index (BMI) increased with increasing PWV and predicted endothelial dysfunction. 8-OHdG significantly (p<0.005) increased with increasing quartiles of ADMA and positively correlated with ADMA. Creatinine, albumin and ACR significantly (p<0.005) increased with increasing ADMA and ADMA associated positively with creatinine. Conclusion: Endothelial dysfunction was associated with obesity, high blood pressure, oxidative stress and microalbuminuria in children, and this relationship varied between rural and urban children.

Impaired HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients is related to subclinical carotid atherosclerosis

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 2847-2856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiurma Sánchez-Pérez ◽  
Juan Carlos Quevedo-Abeledo ◽  
Laura de Armas-Rillo ◽  
Íñigo  Rua--Figueroa ◽  
Beatriz Tejera-Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux Capacity ◽  
Related Data

Abstract Objectives Lipid profiles appear to be altered in SLE patients due to disease activity and inflammation. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is the ability of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to accept cholesterol from macrophages. CEC has been linked to cardiovascular events in the general population and is impaired in SLE patients. The aim of this study was to establish whether CEC is related to subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in SLE patients. Methods The present report is of a cross-sectional study that encompassed 418 individuals: 195 SLE patients and 223 controls. CEC, using an in vitro assay, and lipoprotein serum concentrations were assessed in patients and controls. Carotid intima-media thickness and carotid plaques were evaluated in SLE patients. A multivariable analysis was performed to study the relationship of CEC to SLE-related data, lipid profile and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Results CEC was downregulated in SLE patients [8.1  (4.2) % vs 16.9 (10.4) %, P = 0.004). This occurred independently of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, statin use or other variations in the lipid profile related to the disease. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, both in patients and controls, and SLE-related data such as activity, severity or damage were not associated with CEC. After multivariable regression analysis including lipid profile–related molecules, CEC was inversely and independently associated with the presence of carotid plaques in SLE patients [odds ratio 0.87 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.97), P = 0.014]. Conclusion CEC is impaired in SLE patients independently of other inflammation-related lipid profile modifications that occur during the disease. CEC is associated with carotid plaques in SLE patients.

Abstract P387: Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Children in a 20 year Community Study: Influence of the Family

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy L Nelson ◽  
Laura Dvorak ◽  
Kathy Kioussopoulos ◽  
Gary Luckasen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Family Member ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Northern Colorado ◽  
The Family

Background: High cholesterol, atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, and obesity can be identified during childhood. Identifying the underlying contributors to such risk factors may allow young families the opportunity to modify health habits. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and their associated predictors among Northern Colorado children and their families. Methods: The Poudre Valley Health System (PVHS), Healthy Hearts Club has provided a successful cardiovascular screening program for the past ∼20 years (1993–2011) to identify risk factors among students in six Northern Colorado school districts (a primarily white population ∼90%). Schools were selected based on willingness to participate. Data were collected cross-sectionally with objective measures of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), blood pressure and body mass index (BMI). Surveys were filled out by the parent and/or legal guardian and included questions about diet and physical activity of the child as well as these behaviors and risk factors among family members. Results: There were 9,363 children with information for the measured risk factors (mean age, 10.4 years, range, 6.2–18 years, 49% female). The prevalence of the six measured risk factors included 39% with total cholesterol > 170 mg/dl, 10.7%, with HDL-C < 35 mg/dl, 11.7% with Cholesterol/HDL ratio >4.8, 7.2% with systolic blood pressure > 120 mmHg, 8.2% with diastolic blood pressure > 80 mmHg and 21.1% with BMI > 85 percentile for age and sex. There were 40.8%, 35%, 14.5%, 6.2%, 2.4%, 0.8% and 0.2% with 0–6 risk factors respectively. Of those with zero risk factors 25.7% reported a family member (other than the child) being overweight while 68.2% reported such among those with five risk factors; similarly 16.4% reported a family member who smokes (among children with zero risk factors) as compared to 24% with five risk factors. High cholesterol, high blood pressure and diabetes trended similar. Conclusions: The prevalence of CVD risk factors among these children is substantial and is associated with such risk factors among the family. This data suggests risk factor reduction must not be done in isolation of the family.

Relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and high blood pressure by community pharmacists in Spain

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Martínez Pérez ◽  
Pedro Armando ◽  
Andrea Molina Guerra ◽  
Mercé Martí Pallarés ◽  
Fernando Martínez Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Community Pharmacists

scholarly journals Sympathetic Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Young Men in the Low, Normal, and High Blood Pressure Ranges

Hypertension ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnljot Flaa ◽  
Håvard H. Mundal ◽  
Ivar Eide ◽  
Sverre Kjeldsen ◽  
Morten Rostrup
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Young Men

scholarly journals Adherence to the DASH-style Diet and the Presence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults from Tîrgu Mureș

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Victoria Ancuța Rus ◽  
Florina Ruța ◽  
Maria Sălcudean ◽  
Monica Tarcea ◽  
Costela Șerban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Dash Diet

Abstract Background: Adopting a healthy lifestyle, including a healthy diet, weight control, regular exercise, smoking cessation, and alcohol limitation, plays an important role in treating high blood pressure and cardiovascular and chronic diseases. Aim: This study aimed to investigate adherence to the DASH diet in relation to the occurrence of high blood pressure and chronic disease risk factors, in a group of people from Tîrgu Mureș. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on a food frequency and lifestyle questionnaire applied to a group of 2,010 people aged 15–92 years from Tîrgu Mureș. Results: Individuals over the age of 45 had higher DASH scores (Q4, Q5) compared to subjects younger than 40 years (Q1 and Q2, p <0.001). An important percentage (19.3%) of subjects who preferred a meat-based diet (Q3) had significantly larger abdominal circumference (mean 92.2 ± 0.91 cm, p <0.001). An association between pure alcohol intake (mean 5.6 ± 0.43 g) and an unhealthy diet (Q1) was observed, compared to the average 1.7 ± 19 g of alcohol consumed by subjects with a healthy diet (Q5), alcohol consumption decreasing with an increasing DASH score (p <0.001). Conclusion: This study shows that individuals diagnosed with at least one cardiovascular risk factor had a higher adherence to the DASH diet than individuals with no cardiovascular risk factors, most likely due to the fact that diagnosed individuals had changed their eating behavior and lifestyle from the time of diagnosis, with a positive impact on treatment outcomes and quality of life.

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