Abstract WP488: Imaging Correlates of Vascular Cognitive Impairment After Recent Ischemia in Intracranial Atherosclerosis: Evidence From SAMMPRIS

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David S Liebeskind ◽  
Jose G Romano ◽  
George A Cotsonis ◽  
Shadi Yaghi ◽  
Tristan Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Intracranial Atherosclerosis ◽  
Ischemic Lesion ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Moca Score ◽  
Large Vessel Disease

Background: More than 50% of individuals with recently symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) manifest cognitive dysfunction. The imaging correlates of such cognitive impairment due to large vessel disease remain largely unknown. We examined the degree of cognitive dysfunction associated with detailed quantification of MRI DWI and FLAIR lesions at baseline in the SAMMPRIS trial. Methods: Central, blinded, adjudication of baseline MRI included measurement of DWI and FLAIR lesions and corresponding volumes. Cognitive function was assayed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score (0-30). Statistical analyses were used to describe MRI lesion characteristics and the correlation with baseline MoCA score. Results: At enrollment in SAMMPRIS, baseline DWI was available in 309/451 (69%) subjects, with FLAIR in 293/451 (65%). Baseline MoCA was median 25.0 (10-30). Chronic ischemic lesion burden on FLAIR was median 2.7 cc (0-87.0), with greater extent in those older than 60 years (p=0.03) and those on anti-thrombotics (p=0.01). DWI lesion volume (median 1.45 cc, range 0-71.84) was associated with NIHSS score (p<0.01), antithrombotic use (p=0.01) and time from qualifying event to enrollment (p=0.05). The number of DWI lesions (median 9, range 1-69) correlated (r=0.63, p<0.01) with total volume of acute infarction and was associated with more than 7 days from qualifying event (15.3 vs. 10.7, p<0.01). Chronic FLAIR lesion burden was associated with worse cognitive function or lower MoCA (r=-0.18, p=0.01) at baseline. Importantly, the volume or number of acute DWI lesions was unrelated to MoCA. Conclusions: Cognitive impairment associated with recently symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis reflects the underlying burden of chronic, not acute, ischemia. Routine MRI, including FLAIR may inform future studies of vascular cognitive impairment in large vessel disease.

Experimental Rodent Models of Vascular Dementia: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Tiwari ◽  
Jyoti Upadhyay ◽  
Mohd Nazam Ansari ◽  
Syed Shadab Raza ◽  
Wasim Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Large Vessel Disease

: Vascular dementia (VaD) occurs due to cerebrovascular insufficiency, which leads to decreased blood circulation to the brain, thereby resulting in mental disabilities. The main causes of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) are severe hypoperfusion, stroke, hypertension, large vessel disease (cortical), small vessel disease (subcortical VaD), strategic infarct, hemorrhage (microbleed), cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA),which leads to decreased cerebrovascular perfusion. Many metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, and hyperhomocysteinemia are also related to VaD. The rodent experimental models provide a better prospective for the investigation of the molecular mechanism of new drugs. A plethora of experimental models are available that mimic the pathological conditions and lead to VaD. This review article updates the current knowledge on the basis of VaD, risk factors, pathophysiology, mechanism, advantages, limitations, and the modification of various available rodent experimental models.

scholarly journals Study of cognitive functions in major idiopathic interstitial pneumonias

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed W. Zakaria ◽  
Reem I. El-Korashy ◽  
Mostafa O. Shaheen ◽  
Samah Selim ◽  
Kwashi J. Amum
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Impaired Lung Function ◽  
State Examination

Abstract Background Cognitive dysfunction in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) is an important clinical co-morbidity that is associated with impaired lung function. The aim of the work is to assess cognitive function in major IIP and to find out the relation between cognitive dysfunction and the oxygenation parameters. Results Fifty individuals were involved in the study; 30 patients with major IIP and 20 healthy individuals. Patients with IIP had significantly lower mini mental state examination (MMSE) score compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Wechsler Deterioration Index (WDI) revealed that 33.3% (n = 10) of the patients with IIP had sure cognitive impairment and 26.6% (n = 8) had ongoing cognitive deterioration. Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) had lower cognitive function than other IIP. Conclusion There is an impairment of cognitive function in patients with major IIP, particularly in IPF, as measured by WDI and MMSE. Further large studies are needed to assess the possible predictors of cognitive impairment and their effects on the patients’ outcome.

LDL phenotype B and other lipid abnormalities in patients with large vessel disease and small vessel disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 214 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Slowik ◽  
Tomasz Iskra ◽  
Wojciech Turaj ◽  
Jadwiga Hartwich ◽  
Aldona Dembinska-Kiec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Lipid Abnormalities ◽  
Large Vessel Disease

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effects of group psychotherapy on cognitive function in patients with multiple sclerosis with cognitive dysfunction and depression

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Bilgi ◽  
Hasan Hüseyin Özdemir ◽  
Ayhan Bingol ◽  
Serpil Bulut
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Group Psychotherapy ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Repeatable Battery

Objective This study will evaluate how decreasing depression severity via group psychotherapy affects the cognitive function of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who are also diagnosed with depression and cognitive dysfunction. Method MS patients completed the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The group members diagnosed with depression and cognitive dysfunction underwent group psychotherapy for 3 months. Upon completion of psychotherapy, both tests were readministered. Results Depression and cognitive dysfunction were comorbid in 15 (13.9%) of patients. Although improvement was detected at the end of the 3-month group psychotherapy intervention, it was limited to the BDI and the Paced Auditory Test. Conclusion Group psychotherapy might decrease cognitive impairment in MS patients.

The nature of large vessel disease in diabetes mellitus

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Ledet ◽  
Lars M. Rasmussen ◽  
Lene Heickendorff ◽  
Karen Barfod ◽  
Vibeke B. Thøgersen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Large Vessel Disease

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Relationship between Structural and Functional Imaging of Cerebrovascular Disease and Cognition-Related Fibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Tang ◽  
Xinlan Xiao ◽  
Jianhua Yin ◽  
Ting Yang ◽  
Bingliang Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
The Relationship

In order to assess the relationship between structural and functional imaging of cerebrovascular disease and cognition-related fibers, this paper chooses a total of 120 patients who underwent cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) treatment at a designated hospital by this study from June 2013 to June 2018 and divides them into 3 groups according to the random number table method: vascular dementia (VaD) group, vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (VCIND) group, and noncognition impairment (NCI) group with 40 cases of patients in each group. Cognitive function measurement and imaging examination were performed for these 3 groups of patients, and the observation indicators of cognitive state examination (CSE), mental assessment scale (MAS), clock drawing test (CDT), adult intelligence scale (AIS), frontal assessment battery (FAB), verbal fluency test (VFT), trail making test (TMT), cognitive index (CI), white matter lesions (WML), third ventricle width (TVW), and frontal horn index (FHI) were tested, respectively. The results shows that the average scores of CSE, MAS, AIS, and VFT in the VaD and VCIND group are lower than those of the NCI group and the differences are statistically significant (P<0.05); the average scores of FAB, TMT, and CI in the VaD group are higher than those of the VCIND group and the differences are also statistically significant (P<0.05); the average scores of FHI and TVW in the VaD group are lower than those of the VCIND and NCI group with statistically significant differences (P<0.05); the average scores of WML, CDT, and AIS in the VaD group are higher than those of the VCIND and NCI group with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Therefore, it is believed that the structural and functional imaging features of cerebrovascular disease are closely related to cognition-related fibers, and the incidence of white matter lesions is closely related to the degree of lesions and cognitive dysfunction of cerebral small vessel disease, in which a major risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in patients with small blood vessels is the severity of white matter lesions; brain imaging and neuropsychiatric function assessment can better understand the relationship between cerebrovascular disease and cognitive impairment. The results of this study provide a reference for the further research studies on the relationship between structural and functional imaging of cerebrovascular disease and cognition-related fibers.

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