Abstract P193: Effects of Biaxial Ankle Passive Movement Therapy on Cortical Activations in Patients With Chronic Stroke a Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Pilot Study

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hogene Kim ◽  
Ji-Eun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Movement Therapy ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ankle Movement

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of passive biaxial ankle movement therapy on cortical activities. We hypothesized that biaxial ankle passive movement therapy changes patterns of sensorimotor cortical activations during ankle passive movement in chronic stroke. Methods: Seventeen patients with stroke were randomized to either experimental or control group. The experimental group (n=11) received the biaxial ankle training and the control group (n=6) had conventional therapies on affected ankle for a 30-minute daily session, five times a week for a month. Outcome measure was cortical activations by measuring the relative changes of oxygenated hemoglobin concentration between ipsilesional-/contralesional hemisphere during passive ankle movement using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)(Figure 1). All assessments was conducted before and after the training. Significance level was 0.05. Results: fNIRS images showed that ipsilesional oxyhemoglobin concentration increased around primary sensorimotor cortex (SMC) area in both control and experimental groups at the baseline ( P <0.05). After the ankle training, the ipsilesional oxyhemoglobin concentration significantly increased around somatosensory area for both control and experimental groups ( P <0.05, Figure 2). Conclusions: The results of this study showed significant ipsilesional cortical activation in SMC during biaxial ankle movement before and after the ankle training. Further study on the analysis according to the direction of ankle movement for both ipsilesional and contralesional brain area is needed.

scholarly journals Assessment of Brain Cortical Activation in Passive Movement During Wrist Task Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maziar Jalalvandi ◽  
Hamid Sharini ◽  
Yousof Naderi ◽  
Nader RiahiAlam
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Activation Patterns

Purpose: Nowadays, the number of people diagnosed with movement disorders is increasing. Therefore, the evaluation of brain activity during motor task performance has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a useful method that measures hemodynamic changes in the brain cortex based on optical principles. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the brain’s cortical activation in passive movement of the wrist. Materials and Methods: In current study, the activation of the brain's motor cortex during passive movement of the right wrist was investigated. To perform this study, ten healthy young right-handed volunteers were chosen. The required data were collected using a commercial 48-channel continuous wave fNIRS machine, using two different wavelengths of 765 and 855 nm at 10 Hz sampling rate. Results: Analysis of collected data showed that the brain's motor cortex during passive motion was significantly activated (p≤0.05) compared to rest. Motor cortex activation patterns depending on passive movement direction were separated. In different directions of wrist movement, the maximum activation was recorded at the primary motor cortex (M1). Conclusion: The present study has investigated the ability of fNIRS to evaluate cortical activation during passive movement of the wrist. Analysis of recording signals showed that different directions of movement have specific activation patterns in the motor cortex.

scholarly journals Brain activation lateralization in monkeys (Papio Anubis) following asymmetric motor and auditory stimulations through functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Debracque ◽  
T. Gruber ◽  
R. Lacoste ◽  
D. Grandjean ◽  
A. Meguerditchian
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Brain Lateralization ◽  
Papio Anubis ◽  
Hemispheric Asymmetries ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Perspective

AbstractHemispheric asymmetries have long been seen as characterizing the human brain; yet, an increasing number of reports suggest the presence of such brain asymmetries in our closest primate relatives. However, most available data in non-human primates have so far been acquired as part of neurostructural approaches such as MRI, while comparative data in humans are often dynamically acquired as part of neurofunctional studies. In the present exploratory study in baboons (Papio Anubis), we tested whether brain lateralization could be recorded non-invasively using a functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) device in two contexts: motor and auditory passive stimulations. Under light propofol anaesthesia monitoring, three adult female baboons were exposed to a series of (1) left-versus right-arm passive movement stimulations; and (2) left-versus right-ear versus stereo auditory stimulations while recording fNIRS signals in the related brain areas (i.e., motor central sulcus and superior temporal cortices respectively). For the motor condition our results show that left-arm versus right-arm stimulations induced typical contralateral difference in hemispheric activation asymmetries in the three subjects for all three channels. For the auditory condition, we also revealed typical human-like patterns of hemispheric asymmetries in one subject for all three channels, namely (1) typical contralateral differences in hemispheric asymmetry between left-ear versus right-ear stimulations, and (2) a rightward asymmetry for stereo stimulations. Overall, our findings support the use of fNIRS to investigate brain processing in non-human primates from a functional perspective, opening the way for the development of non-invasive procedures in non-human primate brain research.

scholarly journals Wearable Hip-assist Robot Modulates Cortical Activation during Gait in Stroke Patients: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Hyun Lee ◽  
Hwang-Jae Lee ◽  
Youngbo Shim ◽  
Won Hyuk Chang ◽  
Byung-Ok Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Gait Function

Abstract BackgroundGait dysfunction is common in post-stroke patients as a result of impairment in cerebral gait mechanism. Powered robotic exoskeletons are promising tools to maximize neural recovery by delivering repetitive walking practice.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the modulating effect of the Gait Enhancing and Motivating System-Hip (GEMS-H) on cortical activation during gait in patients with chronic stroke. Methods. Twenty chronic stroke patients performed treadmill walking at a self-selected speed either with assistance of GEMS-H (GEMS-H) or without assistance of GEMS-H (NoGEMS-H). Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb) concentration in the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex (SMC), premotor cortices (PMC), supplemental motor areas (SMA), and prefrontal cortices (PFC) were recorded using functional near infrared spectroscopy.ResultsWalking with the GEMS-H promoted symmetrical SMC activation, with more activation in the affected hemisphere than in NoGEMS-H conditions. GEMS-H also decreased oxyHb concentration in the late phase over the ipsilesional SMC and bilateral SMA.ConclusionsThe results of the present study reveal that the GEMS-H promoted more SMC activation and a balanced activation pattern that helped to restore gait function. Less activation in the late phase over SMC and SMA during gait with GEMS-H indicates that GEMS-H reduces the cortical participation of stroke gait by producing rhythmic hip flexion and extension movement and allows a more coordinate and efficient gait patterns.Clinical trial registration: NCT03048968. Registered 09 February 2017

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy in conjunction with electroencephalography of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation responses in the latent neurovascular coupling space – a chronic stroke study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynab Rezaee ◽  
Shashi Ranjan ◽  
Dhaval Solanki ◽  
Mahasweta Bhattacharya ◽  
MV Padma Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Neurovascular Coupling ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Subject Specific ◽  
The Brain

AbstractCerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) can facilitate motor learning; however, ctDCS effects have not been investigated using portable neuroimaging vis-à-vis lobular electric field strength. This is important since the subject-specific residual architecture for cerebellar interconnections with the cerebral cortex, including the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the sensorimotor cortex (SMC), can influence the ctDCS effects on the cerebral functional activation. In this study, we investigated functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in conjunction with electroencephalography (EEG) to measure the changes in the brain activation at the PFC and the SMC following virtual reality (VR)-based Balance Training (VBaT), before and after ctDCS treatment in 12 hemiparetic chronic stroke survivors. Furthermore, we performed general linear modeling (GLM) that can putatively associate the lobular electric field strength due to ctDCS priming with the changes in the fNIRS-EEG measures in the chronic stroke survivors. Here, fNIRS-EEG based measures were investigated in their latent space found using canonical correlation analysis (CCA) that is postulated to capture neurovascular coupling. We found that the ctDCS electrode montage, as well as the state (pre-intervention, during intervention, post-intervention), had a significant (p<0.05) effect on the changes in the canonical scores of oxy-hemoglobin (O2Hb) signal measured with fNIRS. Also, skill acquisition during first exposure to VBaT decreased the activation (canonical score of O2Hb) of PFC of the non-lesioned hemisphere in the novices at their first exposure before the ctDCS intervention. Moreover, ctDCS intervention targeting the leg representation in the cerebellum led to a decrease in the canonical scores of O2Hb at the lesioned SMC, which is postulated to be related to the cerebellar brain inhibition. Furthermore, ctDCS electrode montage, as well as the state, had a significant (p<0.05) interaction effect on the canonical scores of log10-transformed EEG bandpower. Our current study showed the feasibility of fNIRS-EEG imaging of the ctDCS responses in the latent neurovascular coupling space that can not only be used for monitoring the dynamical changes in the brain activation associated with ctDCS-facilitated VBaT, but may also be useful in subject-specific current steering for tDCS to target the cerebral fNIRS-EEG sources to reduce inter-individual variability.

scholarly journals Wearable hip-assist robot modulates cortical activation during gait in stroke patients: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Hyun Lee ◽  
Hwang-Jae Lee ◽  
Youngbo Shim ◽  
Won Hyuk Chang ◽  
Byung-Ok Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Gait Function ◽  
Hip Flexion

Abstract Background Gait dysfunction is common in post-stroke patients as a result of impairment in cerebral gait mechanism. Powered robotic exoskeletons are promising tools to maximize neural recovery by delivering repetitive walking practice. Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the modulating effect of the Gait Enhancing and Motivating System-Hip (GEMS-H) on cortical activation during gait in patients with chronic stroke. Methods. Twenty chronic stroke patients performed treadmill walking at a self-selected speed either with assistance of GEMS-H (GEMS-H) or without assistance of GEMS-H (NoGEMS-H). Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb) concentration in the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex (SMC), premotor cortices (PMC), supplemental motor areas (SMA), and prefrontal cortices (PFC) were recorded using functional near infrared spectroscopy. Results Walking with the GEMS-H promoted symmetrical SMC activation, with more activation in the affected hemisphere than in NoGEMS-H conditions. GEMS-H also decreased oxyHb concentration in the late phase over the ipsilesional SMC and bilateral SMA (P < 0.05). Conclusions The results of the present study reveal that the GEMS-H promoted more SMC activation and a balanced activation pattern that helped to restore gait function. Less activation in the late phase over SMC and SMA during gait with GEMS-H indicates that GEMS-H reduces the cortical participation of stroke gait by producing rhythmic hip flexion and extension movement and allows a more coordinate and efficient gait patterns. Trial registration NCT03048968. Registered 06 Feb 2017

scholarly journals Wearable Hip-assist Robot Modulates Cortical Activation during Gait in Stroke Patients: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Hyun Lee ◽  
Hwang-Jae Lee ◽  
Youngbo Shim ◽  
Won Hyuk Chang ◽  
Byung-Ok Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Gait Function

Abstract Background Gait dysfunction is common in post-stroke patients as a result of impairment in cerebral gait mechanism. Powered robotic exoskeletons are promising tools to maximize neural recovery by delivering repetitive walking practice. Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the modulating effect of the Gait Enhancing and Motivating System-Hip (GEMS-H) on cortical activation during gait in patients with chronic stroke. Methods. Twenty chronic stroke patients performed treadmill walking at a self-selected speed either with assistance of GEMS-H (GEMS-H) or without assistance of GEMS-H (NoGEMS-H). Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb) concentration in the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex (SMC), premotor cortices (PMC), supplemental motor areas (SMA), and prefrontal cortices (PFC) were recorded using functional near infrared spectroscopy. Results Walking with the GEMS-H promoted symmetrical SMC activation, with more activation in the affected hemisphere than in NoGEMS-H conditions. GEMS-H also decreased oxyHb concentration in the late phase over the ipsilesional SMC and bilateral SMA (P < 0.05). Conclusions The results of the present study reveal that the GEMS-H promoted more SMC activation and a balanced activation pattern that helped to restore gait function. Less activation in the late phase over SMC and SMA during gait with GEMS-H indicates that GEMS-H reduces the cortical participation of stroke gait by producing rhythmic hip flexion and extension movement and allows a more coordinate and efficient gait patterns. Clinical trial registration NCT03048968. Registered 06 Feb 2017.

scholarly journals Motor Cortex Function in Fibromyalgia: A Study by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Gentile ◽  
Katia Ricci ◽  
Marianna Delussi ◽  
Filippo Brighina ◽  
Marina de Tommaso
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Motor Cortex Excitability ◽  
Fast Movement

Previous studies indicated changes of motor cortex excitability in fibromyalgia (FM) patients and the positive results of transcranial stimulation techniques. The present study aimed to explore the metabolism of motor cortex in FM patients, in resting state and during slow and fast finger tapping, using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), an optical method which detects in real time the metabolism changes in the cortical tissue. We studied 24 FM patients and 24 healthy subjects. We found a significant slowness of motor speed in FM patients compared to controls. During resting state and slow movement conditions, the metabolism of the motor areas was similar between groups. The oxyhemoglobin concentrations were significantly lower in patients than in control group during the fast movement task. This abnormality was independent from FM severity and duration. The activation of motor cortex areas is dysfunctional in FM patients, thus supporting the rationale for the therapeutic role of motor cortex modulation in this disabling disorder.

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