scholarly journals Motor Cortex Function in Fibromyalgia: A Study by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Gentile ◽  
Katia Ricci ◽  
Marianna Delussi ◽  
Filippo Brighina ◽  
Marina de Tommaso
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Motor Cortex Excitability ◽  
Fast Movement

Previous studies indicated changes of motor cortex excitability in fibromyalgia (FM) patients and the positive results of transcranial stimulation techniques. The present study aimed to explore the metabolism of motor cortex in FM patients, in resting state and during slow and fast finger tapping, using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), an optical method which detects in real time the metabolism changes in the cortical tissue. We studied 24 FM patients and 24 healthy subjects. We found a significant slowness of motor speed in FM patients compared to controls. During resting state and slow movement conditions, the metabolism of the motor areas was similar between groups. The oxyhemoglobin concentrations were significantly lower in patients than in control group during the fast movement task. This abnormality was independent from FM severity and duration. The activation of motor cortex areas is dysfunctional in FM patients, thus supporting the rationale for the therapeutic role of motor cortex modulation in this disabling disorder.

scholarly journals Median Nerve Electrical Stimulation–Induced Changes in Effective Connectivity in Patients With Stroke as Assessed With Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1008-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congcong Huo ◽  
Xinglou Li ◽  
Jing Jing ◽  
Yanping Ma ◽  
Wenhao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cerebral Oxygenation ◽  
Effective Connectivity ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Background. The cortical plastic changes in response to median nerve electrical stimulation (MNES) in stroke patients have not been entirely illustrated. Objective. This study aimed to investigate MNES-related changes in effective connectivity (EC) within a cortical network after stroke by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods. The cerebral oxygenation signals in the bilateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC/RPFC), motor cortex (LMC/RMC), and occipital lobe (LOL/ROL) of 20 stroke patients with right hemiplegia were measured by fNIRS in 2 conditions: (1) resting state and (2) MNES applied to the right wrist. Coupling function together with dynamical Bayesian inference was used to assess MNES-related changes in EC among the cerebral low-frequency fluctuations. Results. Compared with the resting state, EC from LPFC and RPFC to LOL was significantly increased during the MNES state in stroke patients. Additionally, MNES triggered significantly higher coupling strengths from LMC and LOL to RPFC. The interregional main coupling direction was observed from LPFC to bilateral motor and occipital areas in responding to MNES, suggesting that MNES could promote the regulation function of ipsilesional prefrontal areas in the functional network. MNES can induce muscle twitch of the stroke-affected hand involving a decreased neural coupling of the contralesional motor area on the ipsilesional MC. Conclusions. MNES can trigger sensorimotor stimulations of the affected hand that sequentially involved functional reorganization of distant cortical areas after stroke. Investigating MNES-related changes in EC after stroke may help further our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying MNES.

scholarly journals Assessment of Brain Cortical Activation in Passive Movement During Wrist Task Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maziar Jalalvandi ◽  
Hamid Sharini ◽  
Yousof Naderi ◽  
Nader RiahiAlam
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Activation Patterns

Purpose: Nowadays, the number of people diagnosed with movement disorders is increasing. Therefore, the evaluation of brain activity during motor task performance has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a useful method that measures hemodynamic changes in the brain cortex based on optical principles. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the brain’s cortical activation in passive movement of the wrist. Materials and Methods: In current study, the activation of the brain's motor cortex during passive movement of the right wrist was investigated. To perform this study, ten healthy young right-handed volunteers were chosen. The required data were collected using a commercial 48-channel continuous wave fNIRS machine, using two different wavelengths of 765 and 855 nm at 10 Hz sampling rate. Results: Analysis of collected data showed that the brain's motor cortex during passive motion was significantly activated (p≤0.05) compared to rest. Motor cortex activation patterns depending on passive movement direction were separated. In different directions of wrist movement, the maximum activation was recorded at the primary motor cortex (M1). Conclusion: The present study has investigated the ability of fNIRS to evaluate cortical activation during passive movement of the wrist. Analysis of recording signals showed that different directions of movement have specific activation patterns in the motor cortex.

scholarly journals Brain function changes induced by intermittent sequential pneumatic compression in patients with stroke as assessed by functional near-infrared spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xie ◽  
Gongcheng Xu ◽  
Congcong Huo ◽  
Wenhao Li ◽  
Haihong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Personalized Treatment ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Rehabilitation ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background. Intermittent sequential pneumatic compression (ISPC) can effectively promote blood flow and improve microcirculation. The increase in pressure gradient and blood flow velocity by ISPC has been suggested to be a possible mechanism to improve the microcirculation of patients. However, the effects of ISPC on cerebral oscillations are still unclear.Methods. The tissue concentration of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin oscillations were measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy under resting and ISPC conditions in 27 right-handed adult patients with stroke. Five characteristic frequency signals (I, 0.6–2 Hz; II, 0.145–0.6 Hz; III, 0.052–0.145 Hz; IV, 0.021–0.052 Hz; and V, 0.0095–0.021 Hz) were identified using the wavelet method. The wavelet amplitude (WA) and laterality index (LI) were calculated to describe the frequency-specific cortical activities.Results. The WA values of the ipsilesional motor cortex (MC) in the frequency intervals III (F = 4.378, p = 0.041), IV (F = 4.281, p = 0.044), and V (F = 5.33, p = 0.025) and those of the contralesional MC in III (F = 10.122, p = 0.002), IV (F = 9.275, p = 0.004), and V (F = 8.373, p = 0.006) were significantly higher when the patients were under the ISPC state than when they were under the resting state. Also, the LI value of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and MC of the patients decreased more obviously in the ISPC state compared with the resting state despite there was no significant difference.Conclusions. ISPC could induce the activation of bilateral MCs in myogenic and neurogenic innervations and endothelial cell metabolic activities. The decreased LI values in the PFC and MC indicated that the ISPC had a positive effect on these regions’ functional rehabilitation. The ISPC of 0.03 Hz is not suitable for all patients with stroke, and personalized treatment options should be considered in subsequent ISPC intervention. This study provides a method for assessing the effects of ISPC on cerebral oscillations, and the results benefit the optimization of ISPC parameters in the personalized treatment for the functional recovery of patients with stroke.

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