The Right Hemisphere Involvement in the Processing of Morphologically Derived Words

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Marangolo ◽  
Chiara Incoccia ◽  
Luigi Pizzamiglio ◽  
Umberto Sabatini ◽  
Alessandro Castriota-Scanderbeg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Inflectional Morphology ◽  
Past Participle ◽  
Derivational Morphology ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Time

It is widely documented that the left hemisphere is dominant in all complex linguistic tasks, including the processing of inflectional morphology. Both in Italian and in other languages, patients with brain damage with a selective deficit in derivational morphology have never been reported. Here we present the unusual case of two patients with very similar right-hemisphere lesions, who in the absence of aphasic disorders showed a selective inability in producing derivational morphology. Although both patients were unimpaired in producing verb infinitives, they both showed a selective deficit in producing nouns derived from verbs. This difficulty was not present in deriving nouns from other grammatical categories, such as adjectives. Interestingly, both patients mostly substituted the derived noun with the past participle of the verb. This pattern of results documents for the first time a right-hemisphere contribution in the domain of derivational morphology.

Evidence of altered dominance in children with congenital spastic hemiplegia

1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marit Korkman ◽  
Lennart von Wendt
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Right Hemisphere Damage ◽  
Spastic Hemiplegia ◽  
Ear Advantage ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Degree

AbstractThe study aimed at investigating lateralization effects and signs of transfer and crowding in children with congenital lateralized brain damage with the aid of a dichotic listening test, a chimeric test, and verbal and nonverbal neuropsychological tests. Thirty-three children with spastic hemiplegia and 86 control children (age 5.0–12.0 yr) were assessed. Children with left-hemisphere damage (n = 17) were found to have a pathological left-ear advantage for verbal material, and children with right-hemisphere damage (n = 16) were found to have a pathological right visual half-field advantage for visual material. Children with left-hemisphere damage and a left-ear advantage on the dichotic test were also found to have a right visual half-field advantage on the chimeric test, which was regarded as a sign of reversed dominance. No verbal or nonverbal differences emerged between the left-hemisphere and the right-hemisphere damage groups, nor did differences emerge when the children were reclassified by considering children with left-hemisphere damage and signs of reversed dominance as having damage to the nondominant hemisphere. It was concluded that although lateralized brain damage may alter the dominance for verbal and visual functions, there is still considerable inter-individual variability with respect to inter- and intrahemispheric neural adjustment to damage. The dichotic and the chimeric tests did not indicate the presence of brain damage accurately, but they indicated the lateralization of damage in children with stated abnormality with a high degree (91.3%) of accuracy. (JINS, 1995, I, 261–270.)

Phrase comprehension after brain damage

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Sloan Berndt ◽  
Alfonso Caramazza
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
The Other ◽  
Right Hemisphere Damage ◽  
Dimensional Adjectives ◽  
Neurologically Normal ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACTComprehension of six dimensional adjectives was found to be intact in groups of left hemisphere-damaged, right hemisphere-damaged and neurologically normal patients. Phrases with those adjectives were interpreted quite differently by left hemisphere-damaged patients than by the other two groups, and a subgroup of left-damaged patients appeared to be responsible for that group's deviant responses to phrases such as slightly bigger. All patients in the left-damaged group had some difficulty with negative phrases such as not big, however. Patients with right hemisphere-damage had difficulty interpreting only negative phrases with small. Results are interpreted with reference to Luria's discussion of semantic aphasia, and with regard to recent findings concerning the role of the right hemisphere in language comprehension.

Correlations of Wechsler-Bellevue Rank Orders of Subtest Means in Lateralized and Non-Lateralized Brain-Damaged Groups

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G. Matthews ◽  
Ralph M. Reitan
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
Rank Orders ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
The Right

Rank difference coefficients of correlation were computed between Wechsler-Bellevue (Form I) rank orders of subtest means in 20 groups of adult Ss with verified brain damage. Six groups with right hemisphere damage, 6 groups with left hemisphere damage, and 8 groups with non-lateralized brain damage were included, with the groups composed according to a variety of lateralizing criteria including independent conclusions drawn from neurological, neurosurgical and neuropathological findings, EEG lateralization, visual field defects, suppression phenomena, dysphasia and difficulty in copying spatial configurations. Consistencies in rank orders of subtest means far beyond chance expectancies were demonstrated within the lateralized brain-damaged categories, while highly significant differences in subtest rank orders were shown between the right and left hemisphere groups. The results suggested that lateralization of brain lesions has a striking effect upon the rank order of Wechsler-Bellevue subtests and that consistent relationships obtain across a wide range of structural, electrophysiological and behavioral criteria of lateralized brain dysfunction.

Homonymous Bilateral Hemianopsia: Electrophysiological Study of a Case

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Magni ◽  
G. Reni ◽  
G. Rinaldi ◽  
G. Ravalico ◽  
R. Brancato
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Electrophysiological Examination ◽  
The Right ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
First Time ◽  
Macular Sparing

Described is a case of bilateral homonymous hemianopsia with macular sparing, resulting from head trauma. The case presented lesions of the occipital visual areas which involved entirely the left hemisphere and only partially the right hemisphere. VEP were obtainable only from electrodes placed on the right hemisphere with both right eye and left eye stimulation. VEP mapping showed that each eye projects macular fibres towards functional areas of the right occipital hemisphere. Electrophysiological examination confirmed objectively and for the first time in man the theory of “double cortical macular representation”. Clinical implications of this finding are discussed.

scholarly journals Objective Evaluation of Proprioceptive Perception of Single-Joint Arm Movements in Patients with Hemiparesis of Central Genesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
O.G. Pavlova ◽  
V.Yu. Roschin ◽  
M.V. Sidorova ◽  
V.A. Selionov ◽  
E.A. Nikolaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Recording Equipment ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
The Right ◽  
Wrist Joints

Aim. Objective evaluation of proprioceptive perception of single-joint movements of the paretic arm in patients with unilateral brain damage using the method developed by us. Materials and Methods. Proprioceptive perception of pronation-supination of the forearm, flexion-extension in the shoulder, elbow and wrist joints and abduction-adduction in the shoulder and wrist joints was tested in 23 patients with right-sided and 17 patients with left-sided brain damage. The subject with his eyes closed was made to perform a series of passive cyclical test movements, during which he had to copy them with active movements of the other arm. Joint angles were recorded in the test joint and the same joint ofthe other arm. The integrity of proprioceptive sensitivity was judged by the degree of similarity between “active” and “passive” movements estimated by means of objective qualitative and quantitative indicators. Results. Proprioceptive deficiency was detected in 83% of patients with lesion in the right and in 71% of patients with lesion inthe left hemisphere, while the proportion of test movements that revealed a violation of proprioceptive perception was 1.4 times higher in the right-hemisphere patients than in the left-hemisphere patients. A significant part of proprioceptive impairments, – 80% when testing movements of more distal and 29% – proximal segments of the arm, was detected by the presence of qualitative copying errors. Conclusions. The method used made it possible to identify proprioceptive deficits in more than half of patients with damage to both the right and left hemispheres. Proprioceptive perception of movements of the distal arm segment suffered more often and was more pronounced than the proximal one. A significant part of distal segment proprioception disorders manifested themselves in the form of gross qualitative copying errors, which can be detected visually during testing, even without the use of recording equipment.

Investigation of the Effect of Mode and Tempo on Emotional Responses to Music Using EEG Power Asymmetry

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Trochidis ◽  
Emmanuel Bigand
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Eeg Activity ◽  
Musical Excerpt ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Musical Modes ◽  
Slow Tempo ◽  
The Right

The combined interactions of mode and tempo on emotional responses to music were investigated using both self-reports and electroencephalogram (EEG) activity. A musical excerpt was performed in three different modes and tempi. Participants rated the emotional content of the resulting nine stimuli and their EEG activity was recorded. Musical modes influence the valence of emotion with major mode being evaluated happier and more serene, than minor and locrian modes. In EEG frontal activity, major mode was associated with an increased alpha activation in the left hemisphere compared to minor and locrian modes, which, in turn, induced increased activation in the right hemisphere. The tempo modulates the arousal value of emotion with faster tempi associated with stronger feeling of happiness and anger and this effect is associated in EEG with an increase of frontal activation in the left hemisphere. By contrast, slow tempo induced decreased frontal activation in the left hemisphere. Some interactive effects were found between mode and tempo: An increase of tempo modulated the emotion differently depending on the mode of the piece.

Dual Intentional Agency

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Schechter
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Practical Reasoning ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Surgery ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Split Brain ◽  
Intentional Agency ◽  
Intentional Agents ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
The Right

This chapter defends the 2-agents claim, according to which the two hemispheres of a split-brain subject are associated with distinct intentional agents. The empirical basis of this claim is that, while both hemispheres are the source or site of intentions, the capacity to integrate them in practical reasoning no longer operates interhemispherically after split-brain surgery. As a result, the right hemisphere-associated agent, R, and the left hemisphere-associated agent, L, enjoy intentional autonomy from each other. Although the positive case for the 2-agents claim is grounded mainly in experimental findings, the claim is not contradicted by what we know of split-brain subjects’ ordinary behavior, that is, the way they act outside of experimental conditions.

P14.30 Voxelwise analysis of spatial distribution of postoperative ischemia in diffuse glioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii44-ii44
Author(s):  
A T J van der Boog ◽  
S David ◽  
A M M Steennis ◽  
T J Snijders ◽  
J W Dankbaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Diffuse Glioma ◽  
Ischemic Lesion ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Watershed Area ◽  
Median Volume ◽  
The Right

Abstract BACKGROUND Surgical treatment of diffuse glioma is performed to reduce tumor mass effect and to pave the way for adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy. As a complication of surgery, ischemic lesions are often found in the postoperative setting. Not only can these lesion induce neurological deficits, but their volume has also been associated with reduced survival time. Prior studies suggest areas with a singular vascular supply to be more prone to postoperative ischemic lesions, although the precise cause is yet unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the volumetric and spatial distributions of postoperative ischemic lesions and their relation to arterial territories in glioma patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS We accessed a retrospective database of 144 adult cases with WHO grade II-IV supratentorial gliomas, who received surgery and postoperative MRI within 3 days in 2012–2014. We identified 93 patients with postoperative ischemia, defined as new confluent diffusion restriction on DWI. Ischemic lesions were manually delineated and spatially normalized to stereotaxic MNI space. Voxel-based analysis (VBA) was performed to compare presence and absence of postoperative ischemia. False positive results were eliminated by family-wise error correction. Areas of ischemia were labeled using an arterial territory map, the Harvard-Oxford cortical and subcortical atlases and the XTRACT white matter atlas. RESULTS Median volume of confluent ischemia was 3.52cc (IQR 2.15–5.94). 23 cases had only ischemic lesion in the left hemisphere, 46 in the right hemisphere and 24 bilateral. Median volume was 3.08cc (IQR 1.35–5.72) in left-sided lesions and 2.47cc (1.01–4.24) in right-sided lesions. Volume of ischemic lesions was not associated with survival after 1, 2 or 5 years. A cluster of 125.18cc was found to be significantly associated with development of postoperative ischemia. 73% of this cluster was situated in the arterial territory of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA), limited by the border of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA), and the watershed area between the right MCA and the right anterior cerebral artery (ACA). Significant areas were located in the frontal lobes, spanning into the right temporo-occipital region, and predominantly included right and left thalamus, caudate nucleus, putamen, pallidum, as well as right temporal gyri and insular cortex, and parts of the right corticospinal tract, longitudinal fasciculi and superior thalamic radiation. CONCLUSION We found slightly more and larger ischemic lesions in the right than left hemisphere after glioma resection. A statistically significant cluster of voxels of postoperative ischemia was found in the territory of the right MCA and watershed area of the right ACA. Exploration of the spatial distribution of these lesions could help elucidate their etiology and form the basis for predicting clinically relevant postoperative ischemia.

The Roman Imperial Cult in Smyrna

Belleten ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (276) ◽  
pp. 385-402
Author(s):  
Murat Kılıç
Keyword(s):  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Imperial Cult ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rising Power ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

The origins of the imperial cult in Smyrna date back to the Hellenistic period. It is a fact that political concerns were effective in the generation of such cults. Predicting the super power of the future and proving to be a loyal ally whilst acting in satisfactory behaviors were essential factors. The right preference made between two fighting or contending powers ensured that a city would benefit from various privileges in the future. For example, Symrna, which had established a cult in the city previously on behalf of Stratonice, the mother of Antiochus II of Seleucid dynasty, would do the same by building a temple in the name of the dty of Rome for the first time in Asia in 195 BC, after recognizing the rising power. Later on, while giving permission to the provinces that wanted to establish an imperial cult, the Roman emperors and the Senate would consider first, their relationships with Rome in the past and second, their origins. Smyrna, building its relationships with the Roman state on a solid basis, was granted the title of neokoros three times by the Roman Emperors Tiberius, Hadrianus and Caracalla, respectively. In this essay, the development of the Roman imperial cult in Smyrna is discussed within the historical process outlined above. An attempt has been made to put forth new opinions about the issue by discussing the academicians' evaluations on the imperial cult, which apparently was effectively executed in Smyrna between the first and third centuries AD, with the support of epigraphic and numismatic evidences.

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