A Quantified Temporal Logic for Ampliation and Restriction

Vivarium ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 485-510
Author(s):  
Sara L. Uckelman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Temporal Logic ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Classical Logic ◽  
Medieval Logic ◽  
Supposition Theory ◽  
The Middle Ages

Abstract Temporal logic as a modern discipline is separate from classical logic; it is seen as an addition or expansion of the more basic propositional and predicate logics. This approach is in contrast with logic in the Middle Ages, which was primarily intended as a tool for the analysis of natural language. Because all natural language sentences have tensed verbs, medieval logic is inherently a temporal logic. This fact is most clearly exemplified in medieval theories of supposition. As a case study, we look at the supposition theory of Lambert of Lagny (Auxerre), extracting from it a temporal logic and providing a formalization of that logic.

scholarly journals Fighting in the Fightschools late XVth, early XVIth century

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jaquet
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Strong Link ◽  
Xvith Century ◽  
The Middle Ages

This article discusses the role played by Fightmaster (master-at-arms, Schirm- or Fechtmeister ) in the Fightschools (Fechtschulen ) taking place in the swiss cities at the end of the middle ages. The strong link between these lessstudied events and the practice of martial arts according to the technical literature (Fechtbücher) will be examined, as well as the figure of the Fightmaster. By collecting references out of normative documents regarding those events, it is possible to sketch both the fighting praxis inside the fightschools and the expertise of the Fightmaster in relation with the town’s authorities. Doing so, the questions of the professional performances, the reputation and the representation of the Fightmaster will be addressed. This approach will be illustrated by the case study of a master at arms, Peter Switzer

The Book Trade in the Middle Ages

2020 ◽  
pp. 722-734
Author(s):  
Kouky Fianu
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Book Trade ◽  
Book Production ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
New Markets ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
The University ◽  
The Middle Ages

Taking medieval Paris as a case study, the author examines the evidence for the book trade in the Middle Ages, from commercial, cultural, and social perspectives. If book production was concentrated in the early Middle Ages in monasteries and on religous texts, after 1200 university texts and lay vernacular works began to comprise a greater proportion of the output, aimed at new markets. These new audiences supported a variety of craftsmen, variously regulated by the University and the secular authorities, concentrated around the cathedrals. Booksellers, libraires, increasingly supervised the diverse craftmen engaged in book production.

Der kosmologische Gottesbeweis des Ralph von Battle. Rekonstruktion, Kritik und Einordnung

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Goebel ◽  
Christian Tapp
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Cosmological Argument ◽  
Textual Basis ◽  
The Middle Ages

Abstract This paper reconstructs (in natural language) and discusses a proof of God’s existence by Anselm of Canterbury’s friend Ralph of Battle (1040–1124), developed in his recently edited De nesciente, a fictitious dialogue between a Christian and an atheist. Without precedent in antiquity and the Middle Ages, Ralph’s proof has never been examined in detail. It combines a “cogito” argument with a two-part cosmological argument. The paper first presents the textual basis and an exegetical interpretation of Ralph’s reasoning, classifies the parts of the proof historically and systematically, and then compares these with the proofs of God’s existence as well as other arguments in Anselm’s Proslogion and Monologion. Finally, it points out some similarities between Ralph’s “cogito” argument and a passage in the Liber pro insipiente, which may suggest that this anonymous critique of Anselm’s Proslogion proof was authored not by Gaunilo, as traditionally thought, but by Ralph.

scholarly journals Literatura De Controversia Religiosa Judío-Cristiana Medieval En Portugal (Siglos Xiii-Xv): Estado De La Cuestión. Discursos Y Motivaciones

Perichoresis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
Alice Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Middle Ages

AbstractThe case study presented in this article is an analysis of Portuguese literary manuscripts which deal with religious Jewish controversies during the Middle Ages (13th to the 15th centuries). These documents came down to us through the subsequent centuries and are available in the Libraries of Portugal. The article is intended to make known variegated documents of religious controversies over three centuries, while, at the same time, we shall draft a brief presentation of their authors, except for anonymous works. In the second part, we shall proceed with a definition of this particlar literary genre as well as analyze the characteristics and also the common features of the different works. In the end, we shall investigaate the discourses, motivations, and the different authors who have influenced the writing of these medieval controversies.

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