scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Porous Theory of Mind Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-65
Author(s):  
Michiel van Elk ◽  
David Maij ◽  
Bastiaan Rutjens
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Anthropology Of Religion ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract We report the results of an empirical investigation of the extent to which supernatural believers endorse a porous conception of the mind, i.e., the belief that one’s thoughts can be directly perceived by others. We developed a porous theory of mind (PToM) scale, tested its factor structure by using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and showed its relation with supernatural beliefs in three studies in the Netherlands and one study with North-American participants. We found that endorsement of a PToM is positively related to paranormal beliefs. We also showed that the endorsement of a porous view of the mind differs in meaningful ways between people from different religious backgrounds (i.e., Protestants vs. Catholics; spiritualists vs. religious believers). The finding that supernatural believers endorse a porous conception of the mind fits well with recent work in the field of the anthropology of religion and the psychology of paranormal beliefs. We propose that our PToM scale provides a parsimonious measurement tool (i.e., consisting only of 4 items) that circumvents socially desirable responding, while providing direct insight in the endorsement of paranormal beliefs.

scholarly journals Development of a Porous Theory of Mind scale and the relation with paranormal beliefs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel van Elk ◽  
Bastiaan T Rutjens ◽  
David Laurens Roald Maij
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Anthropology Of Religion ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
Supernatural Beliefs ◽  
The Mind

We report the results of an empirical investigation of the extent to which supernatural believers endorse a porous conception of the mind, i.e., the belief that one’s thoughts can be directly perceived by others. We developed a porous theory of mind (PToM) scale, tested its factor structure by using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and showed the relation of PToM with supernatural beliefs in three studies in the Netherlands and one study with North-American participants. We found that endorsement of a PToM is positively related to paranormal beliefs. We also showed that the endorsement of a porous view of the mind differs between people from different religious backgrounds (i.e., Protestants vs. Catholics; spiritualists vs. religious believers). The finding that supernatural believers endorse a porous conception of the mind fits well with recent work in the field of the anthropology of religion and the psychology of paranormal beliefs. We propose that our PToM scale provides a parsimonious measurement tool (i.e., consisting only of 4 items) that circumvents socially desirable responding, while providing direct insight in the endorsement of paranormal beliefs.

Development and Validation of the Romantic Love Myths Questionnaire

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051989295
Author(s):  
Laura Lara ◽  
Verónica Gómez-Urrutia
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Initial Questionnaire ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Adequate Internal Consistency

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an instrument to measure love myths among Chilean youth. Items created based on review of available literature were refined through experts’ revisions and participant focus groups. The initial questionnaire was applied to 1,538 high school and university students, aged between 14 and 24 years old. Exploratory factor analysis performed with half of the sample led to a 10-item questionnaire, grouped in two factors: idealization and love–abuse. Confirmatory factor analyses conducted with the other half of the sample corroborated this factorial structure. Reliability analyses indicated an adequate internal consistency, and correlations with dating violence and quality of relationship provide evidence on its concurrent validity. Complementary, results showed that females endorse more idealization and males love–abuse, and adolescents scored higher in both dimensions than emerging adults.

scholarly journals Developing Scale for Determining the Social Participation Skills for Children and Analyzing Its Psychometric Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Osman Samanci ◽  
Ebru Ocakci ◽  
Ismail Secer
Keyword(s):  
Social Participation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The purpose of this research is to conduct validity and reliability studies of the Scale for the Determining Social Participation for Children, developed to measure social participation skills of children aged 7-10 years. During the development of the scale, pilot schemes, validity analyzes, and reliability analyzes were conducted. In this context, the research was carried out with a total of 472 elementary school students in the ages of 7-10 years using the descriptive survey model. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to examine the factor structure of the scale and it was determined that the scale had a structure consisting of 16 items and one dimension and that this model had a good level of model fit. In order to examine the reliability of the scale, internal consistency and split-half reliability analyzes were performed and it was found that the scale had sufficient reliability. It can be said that the Scale for the Determining Social Participation for Children is a reliable and valid measurement tool that can be used to measure the social participation skills of students aged 7-10 years.

Developing a scale for brand competitive positioning: a study in the home appliance industry

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Effat Sadat Mahboobi Renani ◽  
Seyed Fathollah Amiri Aghdaie ◽  
Majid Mohammad Shafiee ◽  
Azarnoush Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Perceived Price ◽  
Home Appliance ◽  
The Mind

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting brand competitive positioning (BCP) and its components in the home appliance industry and also to develop a scale for it, considering both the seller’s and the buyer’s side. Design/methodology/approach The factors were investigated both qualitatively and quantitatively. Data was collected from findings of previous research as well as interviews with experts in the industry. After conducting thematic analysis, the extracted factors were confirmed by experts. A total of 400 samples was used to test the BCP scale. Respondents were the customers of some selected home appliance brands. Findings The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that seven main factors influenced BCP, including product quality, service quality, perceived price, sales and distribution, marketing communication, market orientation and reputation and background. Also, the five components of BCP are distinctiveness, desirability, credibility, value for money and top of the mind awareness. Originality/value Modelling a new scale on BCP is of considerable importance. Using mixed method, the current study presents a new scale named Brand Competitive Positioning Scale.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of the Organizational Stressor Indicator for Sport Performers (OSI-SP)

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Arnold ◽  
David Fletcher ◽  
Kevin Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Structure Study ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Organizational Stressors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Initial Item ◽  
Development And Validation

The series of related studies reported here describe the development and validation of the Organizational Stressor Indicator for Sport Performers (OSI-SP). In Study 1, an expert and usability panel examined the content validity and applicability of an initial item pool. The resultant 96 items were analyzed with exploratory factor analyses in Study 2, with the factorial structure comprising 5 factors (viz., Goals and Development, Logistics and Operations, Team and Culture, Coaching, Selection) and 33 items. Using confirmatory factor analyses, Studies 3 and 4 found support for the 5-factor structure. Study 4 also provided evidence for the OSI-SP’s concurrent validity and invariance across different groups. The OSI-SP is proposed as a valid and reliable measure of the organizational stressors encountered by sport performers.

Disentangling Components of Flexibility via the Hexaflex Model: Development and Validation of the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI)

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaci L. Rolffs ◽  
Ronald D. Rogge ◽  
Kelly G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Commitment Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Responsiveness To Change

The current study developed the 60-item Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI)—a scale assessing the 12 dimensions of the Hexaflex model. We created an exhaustive pool of 554 items including 22 of the most widely used measures from the acceptance and commitment therapy and mindfulness literatures. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used in combination with item response theory and responsiveness to change analyses in 3,040 online respondents across three studies ( NStudy 1 = 372; NStudy 2 = 2,150; NStudy 3 = 518) to create the MPFI. Associations between the MPFI subscales and an array of existing measures supported its convergent and discriminant validities. The MPFI offers acceptance and commitment therapy researchers new tools for elaborating treatment effects.

Development and validation of a smoking rationalization scale for male smokers in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyuan Huang ◽  
Wenjie Fu ◽  
Haiying Zhang ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Xiaoxia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Social Acceptability ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Chinese Male ◽  
Item Scale

The purpose of this study is to develop a smoking rationalization scale for Chinese male smokers. A total of 35 focus groups and 19 one-on-one interviews were conducted to collect items of the scale. Exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to identify the underlying structure of the scale. Results found a 26-item scale within six dimensions (smoking functional beliefs, risk generalization beliefs, social acceptability beliefs, safe smoking beliefs, self-exempting beliefs, and quitting is harmful beliefs). The scale showed acceptable validity and reliability. Results highlight that smoking rationalization is common among Chinese male smokers, and some beliefs of smoking rationalization seem to be peculiar to China.

Role-based engagement: scale development and validation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Young ◽  
Lisa A. Steelman ◽  
Matthew D. Pita ◽  
James Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Role Theory ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Scale Development And Validation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Role Based ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Engagement Scale

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to build on personal engagement and role theory to develop a conceptual definition of engagement to different organizational roles (job, organization, supervisor, and coworkers) and create and validate the Role-Based Engagement Scale (RBES). Data were collected from four samples (n = 1,302) of employees, including three from multiple organizations and one from an aircraft manufacturer. Results across three studies consistently support the four dimension structure of the RBES, its internal consistency, convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity based on a series of confirmatory factor analyses. The RBES is a psychometrically sound instrument that measures engagement to job, organization, supervisor, and coworkers. This instrument will provide more targeted information for human resource management (HRM) professionals tasked with developing training methods and processes to improve low-scoring dimensions of engagement, optimizing HRM interventions.

scholarly journals Binge-Watching: Development and Validation of the Binge-Watching Addiction Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Forte ◽  
Francesca Favieri ◽  
Domenico Tedeschi ◽  
Maria Casagrande
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Addictive Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Multiple Episodes

The approach to the vision of TV series has deeply changed in the last years, and watching multiple episodes of TV content in a single session becomes a popular viewing pattern referred as binge-watching. Early studies defined binge-watching as a potentially addictive behavior showing characteristics similar to other behavioral addictions, such as loss of control and pleasure anticipation. This study aims to validate a short self-report questionnaire focused on assessing binge-watching behavior and determining whether it shows characteristics similar to addictive behavior, the Binge-Watching Addiction Questionnaire (BWAQ). An online survey was adopted to administer the questionnaire in the general population (N = 1277). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses assessed both the validity and the structure of the scale in two independent samples. The statistical analyses confirmed a four-factor model (i.e., “Craving”, “Dependency”, “Anticipation”, “Avoidance”) of the BWAQ with good psychometric properties. The BWAQ can differentiate between people who adopt maladaptive watching activities from those who use TV-series as leisure and entertainment activities. Therefore, this questionnaire may enable researchers to improve this emerging field of research significantly.

Inconspicuous Consumption Scale - development and validation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martyna Płudowska ◽  
Rafał Piotr Bartczuk ◽  
Barbara Cichy-Jasiocha ◽  
Andrzej E. Sękowski
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Scale Development And Validation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Validity Studies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Selection Of

We propose a new definition of inconspicuous consumption (IC) as an individual disposition and present an instrument for measuring this variable. The article describes the successive stages of the construction of the Inconspicuous Consumption Scale (ICS). The results of a preliminary selection of items and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses have led to the development of an instrument which measures four factors that make up the global ICS: Knowledge, Services, Experiences, and Subtle Brand Signals. Reliability and validity studies carried out in a sample of 1,330 respondents show that the ICS has satisfactory psychometric properties.

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