scholarly journals Trade in wild anurans vectors the urodelan pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans into Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Thien Nguyen ◽  
Thinh Van Nguyen ◽  
Thomas Ziegler ◽  
Frank Pasmans ◽  
An Martel
Keyword(s):  
Global Scale ◽  
Chytrid Fungus ◽  
Batrachochytrium Salamandrivorans ◽  
Pathogen Pollution

Pathogen pollution has caused dramatic losses of amphibian diversity on a global scale. The recently emerged chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) has been hypothesized to have its origin in Asian urodelan populations, from which it may have been introduced to Europe through the trade in live urodelans. We here show that Bsal is present on wild small-webbed fire-bellied toads (Bombina microdeladigitora) from Vietnam and on representatives of the same species that have recently been imported in Germany. This finding suggests that the installment of measures to mitigate the Bsal threat through the amphibian trade should not be limited to urodeles, but should equally take anurans into account.

scholarly journals Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is the predominant chytrid fungus in Vietnamese salamanders

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra E. Laking ◽  
Hai Ngoc Ngo ◽  
Frank Pasmans ◽  
An Martel ◽  
Tao Thien Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Chytrid Fungus ◽  
Batrachochytrium Salamandrivorans

scholarly journals Mitigating Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valarie Thomas ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Pascale Van Rooij ◽  
Elin Verbrugghe ◽  
Vojtech Baláž ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Chytrid Fungus ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Batrachochytrium Salamandrivorans ◽  
Mitigation Methods

Abstract The infectious chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) has been responsible for severe population declines of salamander populations in Europe. Serious population declines and loss of urodelan diversity may occur if appropriate action is not taken to mitigate against the further spread and impact of Bsal. We provide an overview of several potential mitigation methods, and describe their possible advantages and limitations. We conclude that long-term, context-dependent, multi-faceted approaches are needed to successfully mitigate adverse effects of Bsal, and that these approaches should be initiated pre-arrival of the pathogen. The establishment of ex situ assurance colonies, or management units, for species threatened with extinction, should be considered as soon as possible. While ex situ conservation and preventive measures aimed at improving biosecurity by limiting amphibian trade may be implemented quickly, major challenges that lie ahead are in designing in situ disease containment and mitigation post-arrival and in increasing public awareness.

scholarly journals Efficacy of chemical disinfectants for the containment of the salamander chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e0186269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascale Van Rooij ◽  
Frank Pasmans ◽  
Yanaika Coen ◽  
An Martel
Keyword(s):  
Chytrid Fungus ◽  
Batrachochytrium Salamandrivorans

scholarly journals Isolation and maintenance of Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans cultures

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Robinson ◽  
KE Pereira ◽  
MC Bletz ◽  
ED Carter ◽  
MJ Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Infected Tissue ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Chytrid Fungus ◽  
Common Culture ◽  
Growth Standard ◽  
Batrachochytrium Salamandrivorans ◽  
Amphibian Pathogen

Discovered in 2013, the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) is an emerging amphibian pathogen that causes ulcerative skin lesions and multifocal erosion. A closely related pathogen, B. dendrobatidis (Bd), has devastated amphibian populations worldwide, suggesting that Bsal poses a significant threat to global salamander biodiversity. To expedite research into this emerging threat, we seek to standardize protocols across the field so that results of laboratory studies are reproducible and comparable. We have collated data and experience from multiple labs to standardize culturing practices of Bsal. Here we outline common culture practices including a medium for standardized Bsal growth, standard culturing protocols, and a method for isolating Bsal from infected tissue.

First detection of the emerging fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans in Germany

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Sabino-Pinto ◽  
Molly Bletz ◽  
Ralf Hendrix ◽  
R.G. Bina Perl ◽  
An Martel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Amphibian Declines ◽  
Chytrid Fungus ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Batrachochytrium Salamandrivorans ◽  
Fire Salamander ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Salamander Species

The emerging infectious disease chytridiomycosis is one of the major factors triggering global amphibian declines. A recently discovered species of chytrid fungus,Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans(Bsal), likely originated in East Asia, has led to massive declines in populations of fire salamanders (Salamandra salamandra) after its apparent introduction to the Netherlands and Belgium. Here, we report the first detection of this pathogen in Germany where it caused mass mortality of fire salamanders in a captive collection. Salamanders from this collection showed an almost 100% prevalence of infection withBsal. SupposedBsal-induced mortality occurred in multipleSalamandraspecies (S. salamandra,S. algira,S. corsica, andS. infraimmaculata), whileBsalinfection was confirmed in nine subspecies ofS. salamandraand inS. algira. Our study indicates that this pathogen can potentially infect all fire salamander species and subspecies. IfBsalspreads from captive collections to wild populations, then a similar devastating effect associated with high mortality should be expected.

Bringing the World’s Children Into Focus: Cultivating Well-Being on a Global ScaleBringing the World’s Children Into Focus: Cultivating Well-Being on a Global Scale

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6060 (2828) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. Berk ◽  
Gregory S. Braswell ◽  
Adena B. Meyers ◽  
Rocío Rivadeneyra ◽  
Maria Schmeeckle
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Global Scale

Can Bitcoin be the Future of Digital Payments?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-500
Author(s):  
Andrea Valente ◽  
◽  
David Atkinson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Price Volatility ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Future ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Digital Payments ◽  
Robust Regulation ◽  
Stakeholder Acceptance

This study aimed to investigate the conditions in which Bitcoin has developed as a leading cryptocurrency and, according to Nakamoto (2008), could become an instrument for everyday payments around the world. In comparison to other digital payment solutions, Bitcoin is based on a peer-to-peer electronic cash system using “the blockchain”. This innovative technology allows for decentralised storage and movement of currency in a fully anonymous way, introducing advantageous methods for encrypted security and faster transactions (Hagiu & Beach, 2014). Scepticism regards Bitcoin’s foundation, energy consumption and price volatility, however, did not take long to arise (Holthaus, 2017). Ten years from its white paper release, Bitcoin is further supported by the same drivers which could sustain its growth as the future of digital payments (Russo, 2018). In order to investigate the key drivers and feasibility of acceptance, a London based survey was used to understand the desirability of Bitcoin as a day-to-day tool for digital payments. Additionally, this research analysed Bitcoin’s stakeholders and forecast drivers of sustainability for its application to become the future of the payment industry. A space which relies on policies that involve multiple layers of society, governments, regulators and tech-firms, all on a global scale. The findings confirmed how the increasing lack of trust of political and financial institutions, coupled with the increasing cases of data-breaches by tech-firms, encouraged over 70% of respondents to consider more decentralised and anonymous methods for their day-to-day actions; like payments. Policy makers need to cope with societies increasingly separating politically but gathering together digitally (LBS, 2017). For Bitcoin to truly establish itself as a global digital payment solution, key stakeholder acceptance must converge alongside the introduction of more robust regulation.

IFEES: Enhancing Engineering Education at a Global Scale

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Morell ◽  
C. Borri ◽  
H.J. Hoyer ◽  
S.A. Rajala ◽  
S. Ramakrishna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Global Scale

Pendidikan Islam dan Pluralisme Beragama

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
M Slamet Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Religious Plurality ◽  
Prophetic Mission

Islam is a religion that has prophetic mission, namely rahmatan lil ‘alamin, blessing to universe. To realize this mission, Islamic education must able to produce outputs that have inclusive character, pluralist, and appreciative to pluralism. Pluralism in Islam not only normatively supported by religious texts, but also on praxis-empiric level. Islam also has practiced life orientation that reflected religious plurality. Therefore, on global scale, acknowledgment to religious plurality became essential and significant matter. To realize this, it’s urgently needed wisdom to suppress emotional and radical attitude on everyday life. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document