Characterisation of, and entomopathogenic studies on, Pristionchus aerivorus (Cobb in Merrill & Ford, 1916) Chitwood, 1937 (Rhabditida: Diplogastridae) from North Carolina, USA

Nematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-580
Author(s):  
Weimin Ye ◽  
Qing Yu ◽  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Paul R. Adams ◽  
Yasmin J. Cardoza
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

During a survey of entomopathogenic nematodes in North Carolina, USA, aPristionchusspecies was recovered using theGalleriabait method. Morphological studies with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, mating tests with reference strains, as well as molecular analyses of the near-full-length small subunit rRNA gene (18S) and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit rRNA gene (28S) identified this isolate asPristionchus aerivorus. ExposedGallerialarvae were killed within 48 h and high numbers of nematodes were recovered from the cadavers about 5 days later. Preliminary tests revealed that this nematode is capable of infecting at least two other insect species (Helicoverpa zeaandTenebrio molitor) under laboratory conditions. The status of the genusChroniodiplogasteris discussed and confirmed as a junior synonym ofPristionchusbased on morphological observation and molecular phylogenetic analysis.

Morphological studies and molecular data on a new marine ciliate, Apokeronopsis sinica n. sp. (Ciliophora: Urostylida), from the South China Sea

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEIWEI LIU ◽  
JIQIU LI ◽  
SHAN GAO ◽  
CHEN SHAO ◽  
JUN GONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Marine Ciliate ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

The morphology of a new marine urostylid ciliate, Apokeronopsis sinica n. sp., collected from the Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, was investigated. Additionally, the SSrRNA gene was sequenced in order to make a comparison at molecular level. Based on both morphological and molecular data, descriptions and comparisons with its congeners are provided. Apokeronopsis sinica is characterized by: body size about 150–200 × 50–65 µm in vivo; two kinds of cortical granules; about 20 cirri in frontal area which form the non-typical bicorona; 2 frontoterminal, ca. 4 buccal and 10 transverse cirri; midventral complex consists of 21–32 pairs of cirri; on average 35 right and 30 left marginal cirri; about 50 membranelles; invariably 3 dorsal kineties. A key to the identification of the known Apokeronopsis species was suggested. The small subunit rRNA gene sequence differences between Apokeronopsis sinica and its congeners range from 1.64% to 3.72%.

Schistonchus hirtus n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), an associate of Ficus hirta in China

Nematology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsan Zeng ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
Robin M. Giblin-Davis ◽  
Changhui Li ◽  
Zhijian Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Wasp Species ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Ficus Hirta ◽  
Large Subunit Rrna

Abstract A nematode recovered from syconia of Ficus hirta from Guangzhou, P. R. China, during a survey of nematode biodiversity from 2007 to 2009, is described herein as Schistonchus hirtus n. sp. and is differentiated by a combination of morphological characters, including excretory pore (EP) located near the metacorpus, a short post-uterine sac (PUS) (0.5 vulval body diam. (VBD) long), rose thorn-shaped spicules, amoeboid sperm, absence of gubernaculum, three pairs of subventral papillae on the male tail, host-Ficus and host-wasp species and DNA sequence data. Morphologically, S. hirtus n. sp. is close to S. centerae, S. altermacrophylla, S. aureus, S. laevigatus and S. virens based upon the length of the PUS (about 0.5 VBD long). However, the relative position of the EP in S. hirtus n. sp. is very different from these species (near metacorpus vs near head). With regard to the EP character, S. hirtus n. sp. is very similar to S. macrophylla, S. guangzhouensis and S. caprifici where the EP is at metacorpus level. However, S. hirtus n. sp. differs from S. macrophylla and S. guangzhouensis by possessing a shorter PUS and smaller spicules, and differs from S. caprifici by a shorter female stylet and smaller spicules. Schistonchus hirtus n. sp. was easily differentiated from other sequenced species by the proportion of parsimony informative changes in the partial small subunit rRNA gene (SSU) and D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit rRNA gene (LSU). Phylogenetic analysis with SSU sequences suggests that S. hirtus n. sp. is in a highly supported monophyletic clade with Aphelenchoides and Laimaphelenchus and is polyphyletic to other sequenced Schistonchus species. With LSU sequence data, it forms a clade with S. caprifici and they appear polyphyletic relative to S. guangzhouensis, S. centerae, S. aureus, S. laevigatus and S. virens.

scholarly journals Parabirojimia multinucleata spec. nov. and Anteholosticha scutellum (Cohn, 1866) Berger, 2003, marine ciliates (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida) from tropical waters in southern China, with notes on their small-subunit rRNA gene sequences

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangrui Chen ◽  
Shan Gao ◽  
Weibo Song ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
New Information ◽  
Modern Methods

Few studies using modern methods have been carried out on ciliated protozoa in tropical marine waters. In the present work, two hypotrichs, Parabirojimia multinucleata spec. nov. and Anteholosticha scutellum (Cohn, 1866) Berger, 2003, collected from Daya Bay in southern China, were investigated morphologically. P. multinucleata is distinguished by the following combination of characters: slender body, without a snout-like protrusion in the frontal field, and about 50 macronuclear nodules. The poorly known A. scutellum has never been investigated using modern methods; hence, a redescription is needed. During the present study, observations of specimens in vivo and following protargol impregnation revealed new information concerning structures such as the cortical granules and the infraciliature. A redescription and improved diagnosis are supplied based on the China population. The small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene was sequenced for both organisms and comparisons with those of similar congeners clearly support the findings based on morphological studies.

Ficophagus auriculatae n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), an associate of the Ficus auriculata-complex in China

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-508
Author(s):  
Yongsan Zeng ◽  
Jianfeng Huang ◽  
Dayuan Zhang ◽  
Wensheng Zeng ◽  
Rongrong Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Subunit ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Male Tail ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
Tail Tip ◽  
Large Subunit Rrna

Summary A new nematode species was recovered from the syconia of Ficus auriculata-complex, including F. auriculata, F. oligodon and F. hainanensis, from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, China. It is described herein as Ficophagus auriculatae n. sp. and is characterised by possessing the combined characters of a short post-uterine sac, excretory pore located between the metacorpus and the stylet basal knobs, testis multi-reflexed, amoeboid sperm, three pairs of subventral papillae on male tail, rounded male tail tip without mucron, absence of gubernaculum (= apophysis) and sickle-shaped spicules with terminal cucullus. Ficophagus auriculatae n. sp. was differentiated from other sequenced species by the partial small subunit rRNA gene and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit rRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis with the above-mentioned sequences suggested that F. auriculatae n. sp. has a closer relationship with F. fleckeri in the same highly supported monophyletic clade than with the other sequenced Ficophagus and Schistonchus sensu lato species.

Description of Schistonchus microcarpus n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), an associate of Ficus microcarpa in China

Nematology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsan Zeng ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
Robin Giblin-Davis ◽  
Changhui Li ◽  
Shinian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excretory Pore ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Male Tail ◽  
Mtdna Coi ◽  
Ficus Microcarpa ◽  
Tail Tip

AbstractSchistonchus microcarpus n. sp. was recovered from the syconia of Ficus microcarpa from Shenzhen and Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, during a survey of nematode biodiversity from 2007 to 2009. It is characterised by possessing the combined characters of a short post-uterine sac (PUS) (3-11 μm or <0.4 vulval body diam. (VBD) long), excretory pore located just posterior to the head but anterior to the conus level of the stylet, prominent amphids, three pairs of subventral papillae on the male tail (one pair adcloacal, one pair halfway between cloaca and tail terminus, and one pair near tail tip), unique recurved and sickleshaped spicules with finely rounded tip with cucullus, amoeboid sperm, and rounded male tail tip with or without mucron. Schistonchus microcarpus n. sp. is morphologically differentiated from all other described species in this genus by the possession of a spicule with a cucullus on the tip. Schistonchus microcarpus n. sp. was easily differentiated from other sequenced species by the partial small subunit rRNA gene (SSU) and D3 expansion segments of the large subunit rRNA gene (LSU). Phylogenetic analysis with partial SSU sequences suggests that S. microcarpus n. sp. is in a highly supported monophyletic clade with sequenced Schistonchus species except for S. hirtus. Based upon inferences using D3 LSU sequence data, it forms a clade with an undescribed species of Schistonchus ex F. benjamini from Australia and is part of a larger clade of Schistonchus that mostly share the character of an anteriorly placed excretory pore. Sequences of partial mtDNA COI (590 bp) from males of S. microcarpus n. sp. with and without a mucronate tail tip were identical, proving that these two morphotypes are conspecific.

Phylogeny of mitosporic entomopathogenic fungi: Is the genus Paecilomyces polyphyletic?

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 813-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Oborník ◽  
Milan Jirku ◽  
David Dolezel
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Verticillium Lecanii ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Large Subunit Rrna ◽  
Rna Genes

We analyzed sequences of the divergent domain at the 5' end of the large subunit rRNA gene from the mitosporic entomopathogenic fungi Paecilomyces sp., Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Paecilomyces farinosus, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Verticillium lecanii, Verticillium psalliotae, Beauveria bassiana, Aschersonia sp., Aschersonia placenta, ascomycetous Cordyceps sp., and Cordyceps militaris. Phylogenetic analysis showed P. fumosorseus as the best characterized out of the analyzed species with the B. bassiana clade as its sister group. Two of the P. farinosus isolates were invariably placed within the Verticillium cluster, which also contained C. militaris. The only analyzed P. lilacinus isolate appeared on the root of the hyphomycetous fungi and was characterized as the most distinct from all the hyphomycetous fungi tested. Polyphyly of the genus Paecilomyces was well supported by the Kishino-Hasegawa test. In all trees based on the small subunit rRNA gene sequences obtained from the GenBank(tm), V. lecanii, V. psalliotae, P. fumosoroseus, P. tenuipes and B. bassiana form, together with that of C. militaris, the best supported cluster in the tree. The rest of Cordyceps spp. constitute a distinct clade. Phylogenetic relationships derived from both tested DNA regions show polyphyly of the genus Paecilomyces and close relationships among entomopathogenic species of the genera Verticillium, Paecilomyces, and Beauveria.Key words: Paecilomyces, Verticillium, Beauveria, Aschersonia, entomopathogenic fungi, molecular phylogeny, ribosomal RNA genes.

scholarly journals Two novel Saccharomycopsis species isolated from black olive brines and a tropical plant. Description of Saccharomycopsis olivae f. a., sp. nov. and Saccharomycopsis guyanensis f. a., sp. nov. Reassignment of Candida amapae to Saccharomycopsis amapae f. a., comb. nov., Candida lassenensis to Saccharomycopsis lassenensis f. a., comb. nov. and Arthroascus babjevae to Saccharomycopsis babjevae f. a., comb. nov.

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_6) ◽  
pp. 2169-2175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noémie Jacques ◽  
Christelle Louis-Mondesir ◽  
Monika Coton ◽  
Emmanuel Coton ◽  
Serge Casaregola
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Black Olive ◽  
Novel Taxa ◽  
Large Subunit Rrna

Three yeast strains related to members of the genus Saccharomycopsis were isolated. One strain (CLIB 1310) was isolated from olive brines of fermented black olives in France and two strains (CLIB 1454 and CLIB 1455) were isolated from a plant in French Guiana. Sequence analyses based on the D1/D2 domains of the nuclear large subunit rRNA gene, small-subunit rRNA gene and partial EF-1α gene revealed that the strains represented two novel taxa exhibiting extensive sequence divergence from the previously described species of the genus Saccharomycopsis. Two novel species are described to accommodate these newly isolated strains: Saccharomycopsis olivae sp. nov. (type strain CLIB 1310T = CBS 12701T) and Saccharomycopsis guyanensis sp. nov. (type strain CLIB 1455T = CBS 12914T and strain CLIB 1454). Both strains CLIB 1454 and CLIB 1455T displayed identical sequences but differed in their ability to metabolize sorbitol and in their morphology on agar medium. Candida amapae, Candida lassensensis and Arthroascus babjevae belonging to the Saccharomycopsis clade, are reassigned to Saccharomycopsis as novel combinations.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Archaea in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Environments

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 1285-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Takai ◽  
Koki Horikoshi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Abstract Molecular phylogenetic analysis of naturally occurring archaeal communities in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments was carried out by PCR-mediated small subunit rRNA gene (SSU rDNA) sequencing. As determined through partial sequencing of rDNA clones amplified with archaea-specific primers, the archaeal populations in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments showed a great genetic diversity, and most members of these populations appeared to be uncultivated and unidentified organisms. In the phylogenetic analysis, a number of rDNA sequences obtained from deep-sea hydrothermal vents were placed in deep lineages of the crenarchaeotic phylum prior to the divergence of cultivated thermophilic members of the crenarchaeota or between thermophilic members of the euryarchaeota and members of the methanogen-halophile clade. Whole cell in situ hybridization analysis suggested that some microorganisms of novel phylotypes predicted by molecular phylogenetic analysis were likely present in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments. These findings expand our view of the genetic diversity of archaea in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments and of the phylogenetic organization of archaea.

Description of Schistonchus superbus n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), an associate of Ficus superba in China

Nematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 771-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsan Zeng ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
Changhui Li ◽  
Xinrong Wang ◽  
Zhijian Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Large Subunit Rrna ◽  
Nematode Biodiversity

A new nematode species was recovered from the syconia of Ficus superba from the South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, during a survey of nematode biodiversity from 2007 to 2012. It is described herein as Schistonchus superbus n. sp. and is characterised by possessing the combined characters of a short post-uterine sac and digitate tail without a mucron in females, excretory pore located near the metacorpus, amoeboid sperm, a unique wedge-shaped male tail with variable tip and two pairs of subventral papillae, absence of a gubernaculum and possession of sickle-shaped spicules without a cucullus and with a thorn-shaped rostrum. Schistonchus superbus n. sp. is typologically differentiated from all other described species in this genus by the possession of a wedge-shaped tail in males and a digitate tail without mucron in females. Schistonchus superbus n. sp. was easily differentiated from other sequenced species by the partial small subunit rRNA gene (SSU), D3 expansion segment of the large subunit rRNA gene (LSU) and mitochondrial DNA subunit I (mtCOI). Phylogenetic analysis with partial SSU sequences suggests that S. superbus n. sp. is sister to S. caprifici and S. hirtus, and is a polyphyletic relative to other Schistonchus species that have been sequenced. Based on inferences using LSU D3 sequence data, S. superbus n. sp. is in a well-supported monophyletic clade with S. caprifici, S. hirtus and S. macrophylla.

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