Description of Tylenchulus musicola sp. n. (Nematoda: Tylenchulidae) from banana in Iran with molecular phylogeny and characterisation of species of Tylenchulus Cobb, 1913

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Tanha Maafi ◽  
Majid Amani ◽  
Jason D. Stanley ◽  
Renato N. Inserra ◽  
Esther Van den Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Diagnostic Pcr ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
A New Species

During a survey conducted on banana plantations in Sistan and Blouchestan province, south-east Iran, a new species of Tylenchulus was extracted from the soil and roots of banana plants. This species, named Tylenchulus musicola sp. n., is characterised by mature females having a swollen, hook-shaped body with a conical and elongate post-vulval portion ending in a round terminus, males having a weak stylet and a cylindrical and thick tail ending in a bluntly rounded and smooth terminus, and by second-stage juveniles having a slender body and a posterior body portion ending in a finely pointed or mucronate terminus. The results of glasshouse host tests indicated that the new species does not parasitise sugarcane ratoons or sour orange seedlings. Tylenchulus musicola sp. n. is distinguished from other known Tylenchulus species by the sequences of D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and ITS rRNA genes. Phylogenetic relationships within Tylenchulus were reconstructed based on rRNA gene sequences using Bayesian inference. Diagnostic PCR-ITS-RFLP profiles are presented for T. musicola sp. n., T. furcus, T. graminis, T. palustris, T. semipenetrans and Trophotylenchulus floridensis. PCR with species-specific primers and genus-specific primer are tested and developed for rapid identification of five Tylenchulus species. An identification key to Tylenchulus species is provided.

A new cyst nematode, Cactodera torreyanae sp. n. (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae), parasitising romerito, Suaeda torreyana, in Texcoco, Mexico

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Cid Del Prado Vera ◽  
Sergei A. Subbotin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Cyst Size ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Its Rrna Gene ◽  
A New Species

A new species of cyst nematode, Cactodera torreyanae sp. n., parasitising romerito plants, Suaeda torreyana (Chenopodiaceae), found in highly saline soils in Texcoco, Mexico, is described. The new species is morphologically and molecularly related to C. weissi, from which it differs in smaller fenestral diam., longer body and shorter tail lengths of second-stage juveniles (J2) and to C. rosae, from which it differs in smaller cyst size, longer body length of J2 and the presence of a smooth eggshell surface. Phylogenetic relationships within populations and species of the Punctoderinae and Cactodera are given based on the analysis of the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and the ITS rRNA gene sequences.

Pratylenchus speijeri n. sp. (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae), a new root-lesion nematode pest of plantain in West Africa

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 987-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca De Luca ◽  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Larry W. Duncan ◽  
Sergei A. Subbotin ◽  
Lieven Waeyenberge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Species Specific

A new root-lesion nematode, particularly pathogenic to Musa spp. and causing important plantain losses in Ghana, is described and named Pratylenchus speijeri n. sp. The cryptic status of this species within the P. coffeae species complex has been assessed and confirmed in this study. An extensive comparison of the morphological and molecular characteristics of this new species with those of P. coffeae and other related amphimictic species did not result in an unambiguous separation of this species from P. coffeae because only a few morphological features of diagnostic value were found. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA gene, the ITS rRNA gene and a portion of the hsp90 gene of P. speijeri n. sp. and P. coffeae species complex populations from different sources generated majority consensus BI trees with three major clades: P. speijeri n. sp. from Musa spp. roots in Ghana; unidentified or putative new Pratylenchus sp. C1 from Colocasia esculenta roots in Japan and P. coffeae with non-homogeneous relationships from different hosts and distant geographical areas. These results confirmed the validity of P. speijeri n. sp. as a new taxon and indicated that P. coffeae populations from Colocasia in Japan also need to be considered as a new species. Sequence differences in the ITS were used to design group- and species-specific primers to detect P. speijeri n. sp. and other species of P. coffeae species complex. The use of these species-specific primers for the separation of P. speijeri n. sp., Pratylenchus sp. C1 and P. coffeae has important practical application in breeding programmes for agriculture in West Africa.

Description of a new species of Auriculostoma (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) from Characidium heirmostigmata (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Argentina, using morphological and molecular data

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Montes ◽  
J. Barneche ◽  
Y. Croci ◽  
D. Balcazar ◽  
A. Almirón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Parasitological Survey ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Abstract During a parasitological survey of fishes at Iguazu National Park, Argentina, specimens belonging to the allocreadiid genus Auriculostoma were collected from the intestine of Characidium heirmostigmata. The erection of the new species is based on a unique combination of morphological traits as well as on phylogenetic analysis. Auriculostoma guacurarii n. sp. resembles four congeneric species – Auriculostoma diagonale, Auriculostoma platense, Auriculostoma tica and Auriculostoma totonacapanensis – in having smooth and oblique testes, but can be distinguished by a combination of several morphological features, hosts association and geographic distribution. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from both A. diagonale and A. platense by the egg size (bigger in the first and smaller in the last); from A. tica by a shorter body length, the genital pore position and the extension of the caeca; and from A. totonacapanensis by the size of the oral and ventral sucker and the post-testicular space. Additionally, one specimen of Auriculostoma cf. stenopteri from the characid Charax stenopterus (Characiformes) from La Plata River, Argentina, was sampled and the partial 28S rRNA gene was sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. guacurarii n. sp. clustered with A. tica and these two as sister taxa to A. cf. stenopteri. The new species described herein is the tenth species in the genus and the first one parasitizing a member of the family Crenuchidae.

Synonymy of Afenestrata with Heterodera supported by phylogenetics with molecular and morphological characterisation of H. koreana comb. n. and H. orientalis comb. n. (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae)

Nematology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Mundo-Ocampo ◽  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Sergei A. Subbotin ◽  
Julio Del Cid ◽  
James G. Baldwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Diagnostic Pcr ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Its Rrna ◽  
Labial Disc

Abstract Phylogenetic analysis of five gene fragments: ITS-rRNA, D2 and D3 of 28S rRNA, 18S rRNA, Hsp90 and actin, of Heterodera species and two representative Afenestrata species, A. koreana and A. orientalis, form a clade with H. cynodontis, H. bifenestra and an unidentified Heterodera sp. infecting grasses. Based on these results and the consideration that the key diagnostic characters of Afenestrata are convergent and do not define a clade, synonymisation of Afenestrata with Heterodera is proposed. The following new combinations are made: H. africana comb. n., H. axonopi comb. n., H. koreana comb. n., and H. orientalis comb. n. Furthermore, H. (= Afenestrata) sacchari is renamed as H. saccharophila nom. nov. to avoid homonymy. All these species, together with H. bamboosi, are regarded as members of a paraphyletic ‘Afenestrata group’ within Heterodera. Whilst recognised as artificial, the Afenestrata group is nevertheless an aid to discussion about these similar species. Morphological and molecular characterisation of populations of H. koreana comb. n. from Florida and H. orientalis comb. n. from Florida and Guatemala verify the identification of these populations as valid representatives for molecular studies of the species. Light and SEM observations also provide new detail and a broader understanding of the morphological range of both species. These include a longer stylet for females of H. koreana comb. n. and H. orientalis comb. n. than reported in the original descriptions. In addition, previously unreported tuberculate ridges are noted on the surface of vulval lips of H. orientalis comb. n. The lip region of second-stage juveniles of H. koreana comb. n. and H. orientalis comb. n. both include fused adjacent submedian lips that also fuse with the labial disc and the second lip annulus. The ITS-rRNA gene sequences of H. orientalis comb. n. populations from Florida and Guatemala were similar to those from the Russian type locality. Diagnostic PCR-RFLP of ITS-rRNA profiles with six enzymes for H. orientalis comb. n. and H. koreana comb. n. are given. A key for the morphological identification of species of the Afenestrata group is provided.

scholarly journals A taxonomic review of the Palpada ruficeps species group, with the description of a new flower fly from Colombia (Diptera: Syrphidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1741 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIMO MENGUAL ◽  
F. CHRISTIAN THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Flower Flies ◽  
A New Species

A new species of flower flies, Palpada prietorum Mengual spec. nov. (Diptera: Syrphidae: Eristalinae) is described from Cali, Colombia. The new species belongs to the ruficeps subgroup in the vinetorum species group. An identification key is provided for the species of the ruficeps subgroup, as well as a comparison of morphological diagnostic characters to separate these taxa. Fragments of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, the D2-3 region of the nuclear 28S rRNA gene and the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) are supplied for two species, Palpada prietorum spec. nov. and Palpada ruficeps (Macquart, 1842).

Ditylenchus gallaeformans sp. n. (Tylenchida: Anguinidae) – a neotropical nematode with biocontrol potential against weedy Melastomataceae

Nematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosângela D.L. Oliveira ◽  
Ângelo M. Santin ◽  
Dalila J. Seni ◽  
Anna Dietrich ◽  
Luis A. Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Miconia Calvescens ◽  
Biocontrol Potential ◽  
Tail Tip ◽  
Species Specific

Ditylenchus gallaeformans sp. n. was found on several hosts at numerous locations in Brazil and Costa Rica. In its native habitats it attacks several genera in the Melastomataceae, including two species ranked as among the worst invasive weeds of Pacific island forests, namely Miconia calvescens and Clidemia hirta. The new species causes a severe disease on infected plants involving the formation of gall-like structures on infected leaves, inflorescences and stems, and may cause significant impact on its hosts. Morphological study using light and scanning electron microscopy and analysis of the partial 18S rRNA, the D2-D3 expansion fragments of 28S rRNA and the ITS rRNA gene sequences showed little variations between populations from different hosts or geographical origins. The molecular study revealed that the new species is related to D. drepanocercus, which was recently found in association with M. calvescens but causing angular leaf spots on this host. Ditylenchus gallaeformans sp. n. is distinguished from D. drepanocercus by having a bursa reaching the tail tip (vs covering around 50% of tail in D. drepanocercus) and a conical tail, regularly tapering towards a variable tip (vs tail with a distinctive apical falciform appendage in both sexes in D. drepanocercus). PCR with species-specific primers was developed for diagnostics of both Ditylenchus species. Ditylenchus gallaeformans sp. n. deserves further investigation as a potential biocontrol agent against M. calvescens and C. hirta.

Morphological and molecular characterisation of one new and several known species of the reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus Linford & Oliveira, 1940 (Hoplolaimidae: Rotylenchulinae), and a phylogeny of the genus

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Van Den Berg ◽  
Juan E. Palomares-Rius ◽  
Nicola Vovlas ◽  
Louwrens R. Tiedt ◽  
Pablo Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Rapid Diagnostics ◽  
Sister Relationship ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Reniform Nematodes ◽  
A New Species

The reniform nematodes of the genusRotylenchulusare semi-endoparasites of numerous herbaceous and woody plant roots and are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. In this study, we provide morphological and molecular characterisation of six out of ten presently known valid species ofRotylenchulus:R. clavicaudatus,R. leptus,R. macrodoratus,R. macrosoma,R. reniformisandR. saccharifrom South Africa, USA, Italy and Spain.Rotylenchulus parvuswas only studied morphologically. A new species,R. macrosomoidessp. n., isolated from soil and roots of sugarcane in South Africa, is described. The phylogeny ofRotylenchulus, as inferred from the analyses of D2-D3 of 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA,coxImtDNA andhsp90gene sequences, is presented. The study revealed thatR. reniformisandR. macrosomahave a sister relationship, but that relationships between otherRotylenchulusspecies remain unresolved. The phylogenetic analysis also confirmed the hypothesis that this genus originated from the Afrotropical zoogeographical region. Our study revealed thatR. reniformisandR. macrosomoidessp. n. have two distinct rRNA gene types andR. macrosomahave three rRNA gene types in their genomes. PCR with species-specific primers was developed for rapid diagnostics ofR. reniformis.

A new species of deropristid trematode from the sterlet Acipenser ruthenus (Actinopterygii: Acipenseridae) and revision of superfamily affiliation of the family Deropristidae

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Sokolov ◽  
Ekaterina Voropaeva ◽  
Dmitry Atopkin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Acipenser Ruthenus ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Sterlet Acipenser Ruthenus

Abstract A new species, Skrjabinopsolus nudidorsalis sp. nov. is described from the sterlet Acipenser ruthenus, caught in the River Volga basin (Russia). This species differs from previously described congeners by the absence of vitelline follicles on the dorsal side of the body. The complete 18S rRNA and partial 28S rRNA gene sequences obtained for S. nudidorsalis are the first molecular data for the family Deropristidae. The results of phylogenetic analysis indicate that Deropristidae is sister to the Monorchiidae + Lissorchiidae group. The results of the phylogenetic study contradict the current taxonomic hypothesis that Deropristidae belongs to the superfamily Lepocreadioidea and allow inclusion of this family in Monorchioidea. The morphological similarity of deropristids to other monorchioids is recognizable from the presence of a bipartite internal seminal vesicle, spinous cirrus and a voluminous, armed metraterm.

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