scholarly journals Rethinking Justice in International Environmental Negotiations: Toward a More Comprehensive Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-477
Author(s):  
Annkatrin Tritschoks
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Environmental Negotiations ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
International Environmental Negotiations

Abstract Justice is of central importance in international environmental negotiations. Key characteristics of this type of negotiation augment the complexities of justice issues and warrant a customized approach. Based on a discussion of these characteristics, the article derives four components that are central to a more comprehensive theoretical framework for analyzing justice in environmental negotiations: 1) going beyond narrow self-interest, 2) extending the notion of reciprocity, 3) linking backward- and forward-orientation, and 4) connecting process and outcome. The usefulness of the framework is illustrated by applying it to two important Conferences of the Parties (COP) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change – COP15 in Copenhagen and COP21 in Paris – which are compared. The framework is suited for a systematic analysis of the complex role played by justice issues in international environmental negotiation, as a key avenue for addressing global threats emerging from anthropogenic environmental change.

A Comparative Look at NGO Influence in International Environmental Negotiations: Desertification and Climate Change

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Corell ◽  
Michele M. Betsill
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Environmental Negotiations ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Global Environmental Politics ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Global Environmental Policy ◽  
International Environmental Negotiations

There is a need to better understand the significance of NGOs in global environmental politics. Addressing a number of weaknesses in the current literature on NGOs, we have developed an analytical framework for analysis of NGO influence in international environmental negotiations. This paper demonstrates the utility of our framework by applying it to two cases: the negotiations of the Desertification Convention and of the Kyoto Protocol to the Climate Change Convention. We argue that the use of our research framework enables researchers to compare with confidence NGO influence across cases and that such comparison allows for a much needed examination of factors that explain variation in NGO influence in international environmental negotiations. Analysis of explanatory factors contributes to an improved understanding of the degree to which NGOs matter in global environmental policy-making.

Non-State Actor Influence in the Negotiations of the Convention to Combat Desertification

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Advisory Body ◽  
Environmental Negotiations ◽  
International Panel ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
Scientific Advisory ◽  
State Actor ◽  
High Degree ◽  
International Environmental Negotiations

AbstractThis article explores the role of expertise in decision-making by studying the influence of non-state actors in the negotiations of the Convention to Combat Desertification. Actors possessing issue-relevant knowledge and the skill and judgment in how to use this knowledge – often referred to as experts – are consulted on specific issues and may exert influence over the result of negotiating processes. Conventional wisdom suggests that since they are requested to provide advice, scientific advisers are likely to wield high levels of influence at certain moments in environmental negotiations. There is also a growing literature that suggests that NGOs have increasing influence in such negotiations. This article examines both these propositions and finds that, in the case of the desertification negotiations, the formally appointed scientific advisory body – the International Panel of Experts on Desertification (IPED) – had insignificant influence on the process and outcome of the negotiations. This was due to IPED's perception of its own role, a preemption of IPED's functions, and the mandate and design of IPED. NGOs, however, exerted a high degree of influence because of the participatory approach promoted in the Convention, the composition of the attending NGOs, and the supporting environment in the negotiations. The article concludes by suggesting some implications of these findings for international environmental negotiations.

Development as Self-Interest

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Blodgett Bermeo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

This chapter introduces the role of development as a self-interested policy pursued by industrialized states in an increasingly connected world. As such, it is differentiated from traditional geopolitical accounts of interactions between industrialized and developing states as well as from assertions that the increased focus on development stems from altruistic motivations. The concept of targeted development—pursuing development abroad when and where it serves the interests of the policymaking states—is introduced and defined. The issue areas covered in the book—foreign aid, trade agreements between industrialized and developing countries, and finance for climate change adaptation and mitigation—are introduced. The preference for bilateral, rather than multilateral, action is discussed.

scholarly journals Loss and damage from climate change and implicit assumptions of sustainable development

2021 ◽  
Vol 164 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad S. Boda ◽  
Turaj Faran ◽  
Murray Scown ◽  
Kelly Dorkenoo ◽  
Brian C. Chaffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Policy Domain ◽  
Loss And Damage ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Research And Policy

AbstractLoss and damage from climate change, recognized as a unique research and policy domain through the Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM) in 2013, has drawn increasing attention among climate scientists and policy makers. Labelled by some as the “third pillar” of the international climate regime—along with mitigation and adaptation—it has been suggested that loss and damage has the potential to catalyze important synergies with other international agendas, particularly sustainable development. However, the specific approaches to sustainable development that inform loss and damage research and how these approaches influence research outcomes and policy recommendations remain largely unexplored. We offer a systematic analysis of the assumptions of sustainable development that underpins loss and damage scholarship through a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed research on loss and damage. We demonstrate that the use of specific metrics, decision criteria, and policy prescriptions by loss and damage researchers and practitioners implies an unwitting adherence to different underlying theories of sustainable development, which in turn impact how loss and damage is conceptualized and applied. In addition to research and policy implications, our review suggests that assumptions about the aims of sustainable development determine how loss and damage is conceptualized, measured, and governed, and the human development approach currently represents the most advanced perspective on sustainable development and thus loss and damage. This review supports sustainable development as a coherent, comprehensive, and integrative framework for guiding further conceptual and empirical development of loss and damage scholarship.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 test of the United Nations Security Council

2021 ◽  
pp. 002070202098689
Author(s):  
Bruno Charbonneau
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Security Council ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation ◽  
The United Nations

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) has failed the COVID-19 test, unable to promote or facilitate multilateral cooperation in dealing with the outbreak. This is worrying given its relevance as a principal organ of the United Nations (UN) that could enable or constrain international cooperation and given the need for such cooperation in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. The failure of the UNSC to respond adequately to the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the historical limits of the UNSC as a forum for international cooperation. It also suggests that highlighting and debating UNSC reforms are not sufficient or even productive ways to move forward, especially in the context of the challenges that pandemics and climate change represent for global cooperation. It is far from clear if the UN system can change the global structures on which it was built. What does seem clear is that the UNSC is not where one will find the seeds of change for reimagining global order.

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