Impact of Shimla Agreement on the Application of UN Resolutions on Jammu and Kashmir: A Critical Analysis under International Law

The purpose of this paper is to explore and analyze the impact of the Shimla Agreement on the application of the United Nations’ resolution on Jammu and Kashmir with special reference to the International law. The conflict of Jammu and Kashmir has been a longstanding conflict for right to self-determination for people of Jammu and Kashmir. There are almost twenty resolutions of the UNSC and UNCIP on Jammu and Kashmir and the issue is still pending in the United Nations Security Council. However, there has been a debate on the impact of the Shimla agreement on the applicability and validity of the resolutions of the United Nations in post 1972 scenario. This paper will critically analyze and objectively review the various legal dimensions of the Shimla Agreement in juxtaposition with the leading principles of International law as well as decisions of the ICJ on similar matters. Moreover, this paper will also analyze the nature, scope and applicability of the resolutions of the UNSC and UNCIP in the light of the International law. The findings of this research work are based upon the critical review of the existing literature on the Shimla Agreement and its impact on the UN Resolutions. This study will suggest the effective analysis and will address all the questions pertaining to the nature, scope and legal impact of the Shimla Agreement on the nature and scope of applicability of UN Resolutions on Jammu and Kashmir. This study can be very useful and relevant in future to analyze the nature of the Shimla agreement and the binding nature and applicability of the resolutions of the United Nations on Jammu and Kashmir.

Identity of Roma women and processes of international and transitional justice

Among the women involved in international legal environments, there are women who are administrators of justice, and women who remain as recipients, consumers or petitioners of justice. The question of identity, be it national, cultural, ethnic, religious or otherwise may become crucial when positioning human beings in one side of justice or another. This article seeks to analyse the formation of identities and the characteristics of Roma women’s identity and specifically their roles in international justice together with some actual European political stances towards the Roma peoples. Part of the study will take into account the sequence of processes that take place from the appointment of international judges to the resolutions of the United Nations Security Council, and that lead to the granting of a certain place for women in the transitional/international justice scene. Nevertheless, there are also groups of women who hardly participate in the international legal scene and, although their role has historically been, and still is, reduced to being victims, their possibilities of action in the field justice are extraordinarily limited. This is the case of Roma women in Europe.

Interview with H.E. Ambassador Vladimir Tarabrin

Vladimir Tarabrin – Special Representative of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation for international anti-terrorist cooperation, Director of the Department on the Issues of New Challenges and Threats of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (MFA). He graduated from the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs' Moscow State Institute of International Relations. He has been working in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of USSR/Russia (MFA) since 1979 and held various diplomatic posts in the central office of the MFA and abroad. 1995–1998 – Head of Division, Deputy Director of the Legal Department. 1998–2002 – Senior Counsellor and Legal Advisor of the Permanent Mission of the Russian Federation to the United Nations in New York / Alternate Representative of the Russian Federation to the United Nations Security Council. 2002–2008 – Deputy Director of the Legal Department. In 2008–2013 he served as the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Russian Federation to the Gabonese Republic. In 2013–2017 he was Ambassador at large (international anti-corruption cooperation). In 2017–2019 – Director of the Department Crisis Situation Centre of the MFA. Has diplomatic rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.

Implications of the Resource Nexus on International Relations: The Case of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is causing tensions and potential for conflict along the Nile. Egypt fears water losses and threatens sanctions; Ethiopia plans to expand the electric power supply. The United Nations Security Council is advocating negotiations under the auspices of the African Union. Against this backdrop, this article discusses the nexus between water and energy in International Relations. A constructivist perspective helps to elaborate potential solutions on energy systems, water demand management and food that may be helpful in upcoming talks and in institution-building in similar endeavours.

India-Africa Political Relations: Issues and Perspectives on Global Political Dialogue, Democracy and Good Governance

This paper explores India’s relations with African countries which date back to the time when Indian traders began to engage with countries along the eastern coast of Africa. These relations took a new turn by the end of the 20th century, with many drivers and rallying points of 20th century such as de-colonization and racial discrimination disappearing. By the turn of the Century, with a prospered economy and a population of more than I billion people India ceased to belong to the same group as the African states. Due to this change in status India’s priorities also changed and it is now playing in the bigger league which presents India with different realities and preoccupation. At strategic level, India’s determination of becoming an influential global power requires the support of African countries, especially in securing a seat at the United Nations Security Council and for the overall expansion and democratic governance reforms of the Council. This paper interrogates the question: given its current status and strategic interests in global affairs, what areas should India engage with African states in order to realize her global power ambitions?

Turkey’s Grand Strategy and the Great Powers

How compatible is Turkey’s grand strategy with the grand strategies of global great powers? This article briefly summarizes principles of Turkish grand strategy, both from a descriptive and normative point of view, and then proceeds to outline and compare the grand strategies of five great powers that are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). While there are some observable conflicts between Turkey and the French, Russian, and American proxies in Syria, Libya, and the Caucasus, there are no outstanding militarized conflicts between Turkey and the British proxies. China is also positioned against Turkey in several international conflicts including Syria, and the intense persecution of Turkic Muslim Uyghurs in Xinjiang adds another dimension of latent Chinese-Turkish conflicts. The article provisionally concludes that the Turkish grand strategy seems to be most compatible, or least incompatible, with the British grand strategy, followed by the U.S. grand strategy, among the five permanent members of the UNSC, whereas Turkish and French and especially Russian grand strategies seem particularly incompatible.