integrative framework
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2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Lydon ◽  
Lydia T. Nguyen ◽  
Qiong Nie ◽  
Wendy A. Rogers ◽  
Raksha A. Mudar

Social isolation and loneliness in older adults are associated with poor health outcomes and have been linked to an increased risk of cognitive impairment and incident dementia. Social engagement has been identified as a key factor in promoting positive health behaviors and quality of life and preventing social isolation and loneliness. Studies involving cognitively healthy older adults have shown the protective effects of both in-person and technology-based social engagement. However, the benefits of social engagement for people who are already at-risk of developing dementia, namely those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), have yet to be elucidated. We present a narrative review of the literature, summarizing the research on social engagement in MCI. First, we identified social networks (quality, size, frequency, and closeness) and social activities (frequency, format, purpose, type, and content) as two overarching dimensions of an integrative framework for social engagement derived from literature examining typical cognitive aging. We then used this framework as a lens to examine studies of social engagement in MCI to explore (i) the relationship between in-person and technology-based social engagement and cognitive, emotional, and physical health, and (ii) interventions that target social engagement including technology-based approaches. Overall, we found that persons with MCI (PwMCI) may have different levels of social engagement than those experiencing typical cognitive aging. Moreover, in-person social engagement can have a positive impact on cognitive, emotional, and physical health for PwMCI. With respect to activity and network dimensions in our framework, we found that cognitive health has been more widely examined in PwMCI relative to physical and emotional health. Very few intervention studies have targeted social engagement, but both in-person and technology-based interventions appear to have promising health and well-being outcomes. Our multidimensional framework of social engagement provides guidance for research on characterizing the protective benefits of social engagement for PwMCI and informs the development of novel interventions including technology-based approaches.


2022 ◽  
pp. 002224292210749
Author(s):  
Filippo Dall'Olio ◽  
Demetrios Vakratsas

This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the impact of Advertising Creative Strategy (ACS) on advertising elasticity, founded on an integrative framework which distinguishes between the Function (content) and the Form (execution) of an advertising creative. Function is evaluated using a three-dimensional representation of content (Experience, Affect, Cognition), whereas the representation of Form accounts for both executional elements and the use of creative templates. The distinction between Function and Form allows for the investigation of potential synergies between content and execution, previously unaccounted for in the literature. The ACS framework also facilitates the calculation of composite metrics that capture holistic aspects of the creative strategy, such as Focus, or the extent of the emphasis on a specific content dimension, and Variation i.e., changes in content and execution over time. The empirical application focuses on a Dynamic Linear Model analysis of 2251 television advertising creatives from 91 brands in 16 consumer packaged goods categories. The findings suggest that in terms of Function, experiential content has the biggest effect on elasticity, followed by cognitive and affective content. Function and Form produce synergies that can be leveraged by advertisers to increase returns. Finally, Focus, Variation and the use of templates increase advertising elasticity.


2022 ◽  
pp. 721-736
Author(s):  
Carlo Mari ◽  
Olimpia Meglio

The conventional discourse on corporate social responsibility (CSR) focuses on big companies and tends to neglect small, medium, and family firms. However, scholars state that simply scaling down CSR theories does not capture the variations in CSR choices across companies and contexts. The authors remedy this state of affairs by investigating an Italian family firm in the animal feed industry in light of an integrative framework that combines institutional- and company-level factors explaining the variations in CSR choices. The findings highlight how the company under investigation is committed to ensuring animal welfare by offering healthy and safe animal feed through innovation and certification. In addition, the company is well embedded in the local community and represents a point of reference for the inhabitants. Initiatives ranging from scholarships to university exchange programs to running races contribute to mobilizing human resources and to improving the company's brand awareness.


2022 ◽  
pp. 22-56
Author(s):  
Seong-Yuen Toh

This chapter elucidates Keith Grint's model of leadership as a viable dynamic option in our complex world. By locating the model within a social constructionist frame, this chapter demonstrates how far we have come in the evolving stream of leadership research. Seven main characteristics of the Grint's model of leadership are discussed to demonstrate how the model can help us to understand wicked problems, such as the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. The author also identifies two weaknesses of Grint's model: (1) organisational culture and (2) followership. Lastly, to address the two weaknesses, the author proposes an integrated model of leadership that combines the understanding of an adhocracy culture based on the competing value framework and Kelly's effective followership model. In conclusion, the integrative framework of leadership offers leadership researchers a model with more explanatory power in understanding the leadership phenomenon within the social constructionist supposition.


2022 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 1335-1348
Author(s):  
Ahed Abugabah ◽  
Louis Sanzogni ◽  
Luke Houghton ◽  
Ahmad Ali AlZubi ◽  
Alaa Abuqabbeh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261308
Author(s):  
Sheeladevi Sethu ◽  
John G. Lawrenson ◽  
Ramesh Kekunnaya ◽  
Rahul Ali ◽  
Rishi R. Borah ◽  
...  

Early presentation for childhood cataract surgery is an important first step in preventing related visual impairment and blindness. In the absence of neonatal eye screening programmes in developing countries, the early identification of childhood cataract remains a major challenge. The primary aim of this study was to identify potential barriers to accessing childhood cataract services from the perspective of parents and carers, as a critical step towards increasing the timely uptake of cataract surgery. In-depth interviews were conducted using a pre-designed topic guide developed for this study to seek the views of parents and carers in nine geographic locations across eight states in India regarding their perceived barriers and enablers to accessing childhood cataract services. A total of 35 in-depth interviews were conducted including 30 at the hospital premises and 5 in the participants’ homes. All interviews were conducted in the local language and audio taped for further transcription and analysis. Data were organised using NVivo 11 and a thematic analysis was conducted utilising the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), an integrative framework of behavioural theories. The themes identified from interviews related to 11 out of 12 TDF domains. TDF domains associated with barriers included: ‘Environmental context and resources’, ‘Beliefs about consequences’ and ‘Social influences’. Reported enablers were identified in three theoretical domains: ‘Social influences’, ‘Beliefs about consequences’ and ‘Motivations and goals’. This comprehensive TDF approach enabled us to understand parents’ perceived barriers and enablers to accessing childhood cataract services, which could be targeted in future interventions to improve timely uptake.


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