Larval morphology of four genera of Laccophilinae (Coleoptera: Adephaga: Dytiscidae) with an analysis of their phylogenetic relationships

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris H.S. Watts ◽  
Anders N. Nilsson ◽  
Michael Balke ◽  
Lars Hendrich ◽  
Yves Alarie
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Larval Instars

AbstractDescriptions of the larval instars of four genera (12 species) of the dytiscid subfamily Laccophilinae, Laccophilus Leach, Neptosternus Sharp, Australphilus Watts and Africophilus Guignot, are presented including a detailed chaetotaxic and porotaxic analysis of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphi. A parsimony analysis, based on the 13 informative larval characteristics was conducted with Hennig86. The genus Africophilus is postulated to represent the sister-group of a clade comprised of Laccophilus + (Neptosternus + Australphilus) which is supported by, (i) primary seta CO7 articulated proximally on all legs, (ii) presence of natatory setae, (iii) metatibia + metatarsus very elongated, and (iv) elongated urogomphi.

Larval morphology of the tribe Matini (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Colymbetinae): descriptions of Batrachomatus daemeli, Matus bicarinatus, and Allomatus nannup and phylogenetic relationships

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Alarie ◽  
Chris H.S. Watts ◽  
Anders N. Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Monophyletic Origin ◽  
First Instar

AbstractDescriptions are presented of larval instars of three species of the colymbetine tribe Matini Zimmermann (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), Batrachomatus daemeli (Sharp), Matus bicarinatus (Say), and Allomatus nannup Watts, including a chaetotaxic and porotaxic analysis of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment, and urogomphi. A parsimony analysis based on 32 informative larval characteristics was conducted with the computer program NONA. Members of the Matini are postulated to share a monophyletic origin based on (i) seta TR2 articulated anteroventroproximally on the trochanter; (ii) seta TR5 elongate on the metatrochanter; (iii) seta TA1 elongate and inserted proximally on the tarsus; (iv) antenomere III with a hole-like ventroapical spinula; (v) prementum with the primary setae LA2, LA3, LA4, LA5, and LA8 spine-like and elongate; (vi) presence of secondary setae on the cephalic appendages; and (vii) presence of additional primary setae on the last abdominal segment. A clade Matini + Colymbetini is postulated based on (i) metafemoral seta FE5; (ii) metafemoral seta FE6; (iii) seta TI6 on tibia, all elongate and hair-like; (iv) one-segmented urogomphus; (v) presence of an occipital suture in first instar; (vi) galea elongate; (vii) presence of natatory setae on legs; and (viii) presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus.

Larval morphology of Rhantus Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Colymbetinae): descriptions of 22 species and phylogenetic considerations

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2317 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
YVES ALARIE ◽  
MARIANO C. MICHAT ◽  
ANDERS N. NILSSON ◽  
MIGUEL ARCHANGELSKY ◽  
LARS HENDRICH
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Consensus Trees ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Similar Character ◽  
Phylogenetic Origin

Descriptions of larval instars of 22 species of Rhantus Dejean, 1833 are presented including a detailed chaetotaxic analysis of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphi. A parsimony analysis including 25 Rhantus species (the 22 species described in this paper + 3 additional ones) from all major zoogeographic regions and representatives of other Colymbetini genera was conducted using the program TNT based on 43 informative larval characteristics. Jackknife values indicate strong support for the monophyly of members of the tribe Colymbetini (Colymbetinae), which is supported by eight synapomorphies. It is postulated that Rhantus is polyphyletic as Rhantus (Nartus) grapii (Gyllenhal, 1908) and R. monteithi Balke, Wewalka, Alarie & Ribera, 2007 occur as more closely related phylogenetically to other genera of the tribe Colymbetini than to the Rhantus species studied. We suggest that the Neotropical species R. orbignyi Balke, 1992, R. antarcticus nahueli Trémouilles, 1984, R. calidus (Fabricius, 1792) and R. validus Sharp, 1882 represent a distinct lineage within the Colymbetini. All these species diverge at the basis of the strict consensus trees prior to all other Colymbetini studied and are characterized by several unique larval character states. Larvae of Palearctic and Nearctic species of Rhantus were found to share similar character states, which is suggestive of a common phylogenetic origin.

Phylogenetic relationships, larval morphology, and chaetotaxy of the subfamily Coptotominae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano C. Michat ◽  
Yves Alarie
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Segment Viii ◽  
Tracheal Gills

AbstractLarval morphology of the monogeneric subfamily Coptotominae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) is described and illustrated in detail, with particular emphasis on morphometry and chaetotaxy. Larvae ofCoptotomusSay are unique within Dytiscidae in the presence of tracheal gills on the abdominal segments I–VI, a short bifid horn or nasale in instar I, long spinulae on the urogomphus in instar I, and rows of natatory setae on both the internal and external margins of the urogomphus in instars II and III. A cladistic analysis based on 125 larval characters sampled among representatives of other dytiscid subfamilies supports a sister-group relationship between Coptotominae and Laccophilinae based on the shared absence of setae LA10 and LA12 on the second labial palpomere and of pore ABc on the abdominal segment VIII. The clade Coptotominae + Laccophilinae resolved as sister to Lancetinae, all three subfamilies sharing the presence of an unusually low number of lamellae clypeales in the first instar (a condition called four-peg-pattern), postulated to have evolved secondarily within Dytiscidae.

Larval morphology of genus Lancetes (Coleoptera: Adephaga: Dytiscidae): the hypothesis of sister-group relationship with the subfamily Dytiscinae revisited

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Alarie ◽  
Miguel Archangelsky ◽  
Anders N. Nilsson ◽  
Chris H.S. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Ventral Margin ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Parsimonious Tree

AbstractDescriptions of the larvae of Lancetes angusticollis (Curtis), L. lanceolatus (Clark), L. subseriatus Zimmermann, L. flavoscutatus Enderlein, L. delkeskampi Ríha, and L. nigriceps (Erichson) are provided. Characters from larval morphology are analyzed to infer the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Lancetes Sharp with other genera of Dytiscidae. A parsimony analysis based on 51 informative larval characteristics was conducted with the program NONA. The most parsimonious tree supports a sister-group relationship between the genus Lancetes and members of the subfamily Dytiscinae. The only unambiguous synapomorphy in support of this hypothesis is the secondary subdivision of some cephalic appendages. Other putative synapomorphies are the proximal articulation of the primary seta CO7 both on meso- and meta-coxa and the presence of additional primary setae on the ventral margin of the tibiae. Based on several character states including the presence of multifragmented urogomphi, the genus Lancetes is monophyletic.

Re-descriptions of larvae of Hoperius and Meladema and phylogenetic implications for the tribe Colymbetini (Coleoptera Dytiscidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Alarie ◽  
Samantha Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Maxillary Palpus ◽  
Dorsal Margin ◽  
Ventral Margin ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
Segment Viii

New descriptions of the larvae of <em>Meladema lanio</em> (Fabricius), <em>M</em>. <em>coriacea</em> Laporte and <em>Hoperius planatus </em>Fall are provided. Characters from larval morphology are analyzed to infer the phylogenetic relationships of the genera <em>Meladema</em> Laporte and <em>Hoperius</em> Fall with other genera of the tribe Colymbetini (Colymbetinae). Larvae of <em>Meladema</em> are unique among other Colymbetini being characterized by the presence of a variable number of additional setae along the dorsal margin of both femora and tibiae. Larvae of <em>Hoperius</em> reveal to be remarkably modified and autapomorphic being characterized by a short antennomere II, the presence of a variable number of secondary setae on antennomeres I - II and maxillary palpomere, an elongate maxillary palpus, and a narrow and elongate mandible. A parsimony analysis based on 30 informative larval characters is carried out. Whereas the 12 most parsimonious trees support the placement of <em>Meladema</em> as sister to <em>Neoscutopterus</em> J. Balfour-Browne, the relative position of Hoperius remains unresolved within the Colymbetini. Larvae of <em>Meladema</em> share with those of <em>Neoscutopterus</em>: (i) the presence of additional setae both on the frontoclypeus and parietale, (ii) the presence of a large number of secondary setae on trochantera, (iii) the absence of spinulae along ventral margin of mesotibia and mesotarsus and (iv) the presence of additional setae both on abdominal segment VIII.

Larval morphology and analysis of primary chaetotaxy in the genus  Suphis Aubé, 1836 (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4619 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUAN I. URCOLA ◽  
YVES ALARIE ◽  
CESAR J. BENETTI ◽  
GEORGINA RODRIGUEZ ◽  
MARIANO C. MICHAT
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Ancestral Condition ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Segment Viii ◽  
First Time

The three larval instars of Suphis cimicoides Aubé, 1837 are described and illustrated, including morphometric and chaetotaxic analyses of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphus. A preliminary ground plan of primary chaetotaxy for noterid larvae is presented for the first time, based on the species described herein and examination of larvae of the genera Hydrocanthus Say, 1823 and Suphisellus Crotch, 1873. This ground plan is compared with previous systems proposed for other adephagan families. Larvae of Noteridae can be distinguished from those of other families of Hydradephaga by the following combination of characters: (1) antennomere 3 with a rugged area on distal portion; (2) abdominal segment VIII with a U-shaped wavy membranous area ventrally; (3) absence of pore FRd; and (4) presence of seta AB16. Several sensilla present in noterid larvae (notably setae TR2 and TA1 and pores PAl, PAm, COd, TRb and FEb) are absent in larvae of Meruidae. On the contrary, parietal seta PA5 is present in Meruidae but absent in Noteridae. The presence of pore COc in Noteridae may indicate that this family has retained the ancestral condition found only in Carabidae. On the other hand, the absence of setae FE7, FE8, FE9 and FE10 in Noteridae is similar to the condition found in Carabidae, Gyrinidae and Meruidae. 

DESCRIPTION OF THE LARVAE OF ELEVEN NEARCTIC SPECIES OF HYGROTUS STEPHENS (COLEOPTERA: DYTISCIDAE: HYDROPORINAE) WITH AN ANALYSIS OF THEIR PHYLETIC RELATIONSHIPS

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 985-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Alarie ◽  
P.P. Harper ◽  
R.E. Roughley
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

AbstractA systematic analysis of larvae of 11 Nearctic species of Hygrotus Stephens was undertaken. The larvae are described and characterized; a key for their discrimination and illustrations of structural features of representatives of first- and third-instar larvae are provided. Many structural features, especially detailed variations in the chaetotaxy of cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment, and urogomphi, were found to be useful for systematic and phylogenetic comparisons. Based on 21 larval characters, a cladistic analysis of the species studied was developed. A sister-group relationship between H. laccophilinus (LeConte) and the remaining available species is suggested. The less derived species, i.e. those without natatory setae on the legs, appear phylogenetically more closely related to the larvae of Hydroporus s.str. Hygrotus masculinus (Crotch) is the most derived species of the genus and, for many characters, seems more closely related to Hyphydrini. According to larval morphology, it is hypothesized that the genus Hygrotus diverged posteriorly to the genus Hydroporus Clairville.

Larval morphology of the Palaearctic genera Deronectes Sharp and Scarodytes Gozis (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae), with implications for the phylogeny of the Deronectes-group of genera

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Hendrich ◽  
Yves Alarie ◽  
Anders N. Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Strict Consensus Tree ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Monophyletic Origin ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Statistical Support

AbstractDescription of larval instars of Deronectes depressicollis Rosenhauer 1856, D. lareynii (Fair-maire 1858), D. latus (Stephens 1829), D. aubei (Mulsant 1843), and Scarodytes halensis (Fabricius 1787) is presented including a detailed chaetotaxic and porotaxic analysis of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal scgment and urogomphi. A phylogenetic analysis of 14 genera of the tribe Hydroporini, based on 22 larval characteristics was conducted with Hennig86. Three of the branches of the strict consensus tree have a statistical support greater than 60% according to the Parsimony Jackknifer. One of the supported clades is Antiporus Sharp + Nebrioporus Régimbart + Neonectes J. Balfour-Browne + Oreodytes Seidlitz + Stictotarsus Zimmermann + Scarodytes Gozis, of which the sister-group is the genus Deronectes Sharp. Consequently larval characters, in contrast to adult characters support the inclusion of Antiporus, Neonectes and Oreodytes in the Deronectes-group of genera. All members of this clade are characterized by: (i) presence of an occipital suture in first instar, (ii) presence of a constriction at level of occipital suture, (iii) absence of maxillary cardo, and (iv) insertion of the primary seta MX I on the maxillary stipes. Scarodytes is postulated to share a monophyletic origin with Nebrioporus, Stictotarsus, and Antiporus based on (i) the presence of natatory setae on femora, tibiae, and tarsi and (ii) the shape of the urogomphomere I which is more than 3.10 times longer than urogomphomere 2.

Cuticular morphology of larval mountain midges (Diptera: Deuterophlebiidae): implications for the phylogenetic relationships of Nematocera

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory W. Courtney
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Food Acquisition ◽  
Cuticular Structure

The cuticular structure of larval mountain midges (Diptera: Deuterophlebiidae) is described, with emphasis on cranial and mouthpart morphology. Homologies are suggested for musculature and external features of the head capsule. External morphology of the thorax and abdomen is described, and a system for deuterophlebiid larval chaetotaxy is presented. Also included is a discussion of the feeding behaviour of deuterophlebiid and blepharicerid larvae, and how differing morphological characteristics influence mechanisms of food acquisition. Larval morphology of the Deuterophlebiidae and other Nematocera provides support for (i) a sister-group relationship between the Deuterophlebiidae and Blephariceridae; (ii) a monophyletic Blephariceromorpha (sensu Wood and Borkent) composed of the Nymphomyiidae + (Deuterophlebiidae + Blephariceridae); and (iii) a sister-group relationship between the Blephariceromorpha and Psychodomorpha (sensu Wood and Borkent).

Crozetia Davies (Diptera: Simuliidae): redescription of Cr. crozetensis, Cr. seguyi, number of larval instars, phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography

Zootaxa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 259 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUGLAS A. CRAIG ◽  
DOUGLAS C. CURRIE ◽  
PHILIPPE VERNON
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Historical Biogeography ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Larval Instars

The taxonomy of the genus Crozetia Davies (Diptera: Simuliidae) is reviewed. Apart from the eggs, all stages of Crozetia crozetensis (Womersley) and Cr. seguyi Beaucournu-Saguez and Vernon, are fully redescribed with only claws and genitalia detailed for the female of Cr. crozetensis. A phylogenetic analysis of the Simuliidae indicates that Crozetia is the sister group of all other members of the extant Simuliini, in agreement with current molecular evidence. Palaeogeological evidence on the age of the Crozet Islands is equivocal, but a very late Cretaceous to early Eocene age (79-54 Mya) is most likely, hence the presence of simuliids on this archipelago is not the result of vicariance from Gondwanaland. Method of dispersal to the Crozet Archipelago may have been via wind or possibly vectored by birds from Africa, as suggested by presence of a basal tooth on the adult female claw. Morphometric analysis of larvae of Cr. seguyi indicates seven instars which is typical for the Simuliidae.

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