Appreciation Contexts Modulate Aesthetic Evaluation and Perceived Duration of Pictures

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihoko Arai ◽  
Hideaki Kawabata
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Internal Clock ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Reproduction Task ◽  
Aesthetic Evaluation ◽  
Temporal Reproduction ◽  
Perceived Duration ◽  
Contextual Differences

When looking at visual stimuli, context often easily affects elements of perception and cognition such as aesthetic evaluation, memory, and time perception. However, the relationships between aesthetic evaluation and time perception as influenced by context are not fully understood. This study’s aim was to examine whether context can influence not only aesthetic evaluation but also time perception. To achieve this, a temporal reproduction task was used. Participants viewed stimuli in either an art context or a realistic context. Identical affective pictures were presented in one of three durations (2500 ms, 4500 ms, or 6500 ms) and the participants reproduced their perceived viewing time for each picture. The pictures were rated as more pleasant when viewed in the art context compared to the realistic context. Additionally, the perceived duration of identical visual stimuli differed according to the particular context. Thus, contextual differences were found to be attributed to different operations of a switch within the internal clock. In sum, context can influence both aesthetic evaluation and time perception.

scholarly journals Aesthetic Preference and Time: Preferred Painting Dilates Time Perception

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402093990
Author(s):  
Lingjing Li ◽  
Yu Tian
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Reproduction Task ◽  
Aesthetic Preference ◽  
Temporal Reproduction ◽  
Time Perceptions ◽  
Aesthetic Preferences ◽  
Perceived Duration

In the domain of aesthetic preference, previous studies focused primarily on exploring the factors that influence aesthetic preference while neglecting to investigate whether aesthetic preference affects other psychological activities. This study sought to expand our understanding of time perception by examining whether aesthetic preference in viewing paintings influenced its perceived duration. Participants who preferred Chinese paintings ( n = 20) and participants who preferred western paintings ( n = 21) were recruited to complete a temporal reproduction task that measured their time perception of Chinese paintings and of western paintings. The results showed that participants who preferred Chinese paintings exhibited longer time perceptions for Chinese paintings than for western paintings, while the participants who preferred western paintings exhibited longer time perceptions for western paintings than for Chinese paintings. These results suggested that aesthetic preference could modulate our perceived duration of painting presentation. Specifically, individuals perceive longer painting presentation durations when exposed to the stimuli matching their aesthetic preferences.

scholarly journals Regularity ≠ symmetry: A comment on Makin, Rahman, and Bertamini (2020)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoshiro Sasaki ◽  
Yuki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Replication Study ◽  
Visual Patterns ◽  
Superficial Similarity ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Perceived Duration

Previous studies have shown that the perceived duration of symmetrical visual patterns is longer than that of asymmetrical ones. In a different context, regular visual stimuli have been found to be judged as lasting longer than irregular ones. A recent replication study reported that the effect of symmetry on time perception might not be robust; however, the study jumbled the effects of regularity and symmetry. The stimuli used in our previous study on the effect of regularity were qualitatively and quantitatively different from those used in the study addressing symmetry. Moreover, the hypothesized underlying mechanisms involved in the effects of regularity and symmetry were completely different. Taken together, the present commentary claims that combining these findings based on the superficial similarity of these phenomena would lead to flawed scientific discussions.

scholarly journals Time perception and age

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Fernanda Moreira Ferreira ◽  
Gabriel Pina Paiva ◽  
Natália Prando ◽  
Carla Renata Graça ◽  
João Aris Kouyoumdjian
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Internal Clock ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Comparison Test ◽  
Clock System ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
The Common ◽  
Bonferroni Multiple Comparison Test

ABSTRACT Our internal clock system is predominantly dopaminergic, but memory is predominantly cholinergic. Here, we examined the common sensibility encapsulated in the statement: “time goes faster as we get older”. Objective To measure a 2 min time interval, counted mentally in subjects of different age groups. Method 233 healthy subjects (129 women) were divided into three age groups: G1, 15-29 years; G2, 30-49 years; and G3, 50-89 years. Subjects were asked to close their eyes and mentally count the passing of 120 s. Results The elapsed times were: G1, mean = 114.9 ± 35 s; G2, mean = 96.0 ± 34.3 s; G3, mean = 86.6 ± 34.9 s. The ANOVA-Bonferroni multiple comparison test showed that G3 and G1 results were significantly different (P < 0.001). Conclusion Mental calculations of 120 s were shortened by an average of 24.6% (28.3 s) in individuals over age 50 years compared to individuals under age 30 years.

scholarly journals Perceptual Content, Not Physiological Signals, Determines Perceived Duration When Viewing Dynamic, Natural Scenes

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Suárez-Pinilla ◽  
Kyriacos Nikiforou ◽  
Zafeirios Fountas ◽  
Anil K. Seth ◽  
Warrick Roseboom
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Physiological Signals ◽  
Perceptual Content ◽  
Natural Scenes ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Recent Proposal ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Scene Content ◽  
Perceived Duration

The neural basis of time perception remains unknown. A prominent account is the pacemaker-accumulator model, wherein regular ticks of some physiological or neural pacemaker are read out as time. Putative candidates for the pacemaker have been suggested in physiological processes (heartbeat), or dopaminergic mid-brain neurons, whose activity has been associated with spontaneous blinking. However, such proposals have difficulty accounting for observations that time perception varies systematically with perceptual content. We examined physiological influences on human duration estimates for naturalistic videos between 1–64 seconds using cardiac and eye recordings. Duration estimates were biased by the amount of change in scene content. Contrary to previous claims, heart rate, and blinking were not related to duration estimates. Our results support a recent proposal that tracking change in perceptual classification networks provides a basis for human time perception, and suggest that previous assertions of the importance of physiological factors should be tempered.

scholarly journals Time perception in human movement: Effects of speed and agency on duration estimation

2020 ◽  
pp. 174702182097951
Author(s):  
Emma Allingham ◽  
David Hammerschmidt ◽  
Clemens Wöllner
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Acting Out ◽  
Optical Motion ◽  
Point Light ◽  
Duration Estimation

While the effects of synthesised visual stimuli on time perception processes are well documented, very little research on time estimation in human movement stimuli exists. This study investigated the effects of movement speed and agency on duration estimation of human motion. Participants were recorded using optical motion capture while they performed dance-like movements at three different speeds. They later returned for a perceptual experiment in which they watched point-light displays of themselves and one other participant. Participants were asked to identify themselves, to estimate the duration of the recordings, and to rate expressivity and quality of the movements. Results indicate that speed of movement affected duration estimations such that faster speeds were rated longer, in accordance with previous findings in non-biological motion. The biasing effects of speed were stronger for watching others’ movements than for watching one’s own point-light movements. Duration estimations were longer after acting out the movement compared with watching it, and speed differentially affected ratings of expressivity and quality. Findings suggest that aspects of temporal processing of visual stimuli may be modulated by inner motor representations of previously performed movements, and by physically carrying out an action compared with just watching it. Results also support the inner clock and change theories of time perception for the processing of human motion stimuli, which can inform the temporal mechanisms of the hypothesised separate processor for human movement information.

scholarly journals Semantic Dementia Shows both Storage and Access Disorders of Semantic Memory

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Takahashi ◽  
Kenichi Meguro ◽  
Masahiro Nakatsuka ◽  
Mari Kasai ◽  
Kyoko Akanuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Semantic Dementia ◽  
Memory Access ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Storage Disorder ◽  
Storage Disorders

Objective. Previous studies have shown that some patients with semantic dementia (SD) have memory storage disorders, while others have access disorders. Here, we report three SD cases with both disorders.Methods. Ten pictures and ten words were prepared as visual stimuli to determine if the patients could correctly answer names and select pictures after hearing the names of items (Card Presentation Task, assessing memory storage disorder). In a second task, the viewing time was set at 20 or 300 msec (Momentary Presentation Task, evaluating memory access disorder) using items for which correct answers were given in the first task. The results were compared with those for 6 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Results. The SD patients had lower scores than the AD group for both tasks, suggesting both storage and access disorders. The AD group had almost perfect scores on the Card Presentation Task but showed impairment on the Momentary Presentation Task, although to a lesser extent than the SD cases.Conclusions. These results suggest that SD patients have both storage and access disorders and have more severe access disorder than patients with AD.

scholarly journals Auditory Stimulus Timing Influences Perceived duration of Co-Occurring Visual Stimuli

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Romei ◽  
Benjamin De Haas ◽  
Robert M. Mok ◽  
Jon Driver
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Stimulus ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Stimulus Timing ◽  
Perceived Duration

Effect of Acute Physical Activity on Interval Timing

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceyda Sayalı ◽  
Ezgi Uslu ◽  
Melisa Menceloğlu ◽  
Reşit Canbeyli ◽  
Fuat Balcı
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Temporal Integration ◽  
Interval Timing ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Reproduction Task ◽  
Movement Condition ◽  
Temporal Reproduction ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Larger Sample

Timing is an integral part of physical activities. Walking as a routine form of physical activity might affect interval timing primarily in two different ways within the pacemaker–accumulator timing-theoretic framework: (1) by increasing the speed of the pacemaker due to its physiological effects; (2) by decreasing attention to time and consequently slowing the rate of temporal integration by serving as a secondary task. In order to elucidate the effect of movement on subjective time, in two different experiments we employed a temporal reproduction task conducted on the treadmill under four different encoding–decoding conditions: (1) encoding and reproducing (decoding) the duration while standing (rest); (2) encoding the duration at rest and reproducing it while moving: (3) both encoding and reproducing the duration while moving; and (4) encoding the duration while moving and reproducing it at rest. In the first experiment, participants were tested either in the 4 or the 8 km/h movement condition, whereas in the second experiment a larger sample was tested only in the 4 km/h movement condition. Data were de-trended to control for long-term performance drifts. In Experiment 1, overall durations encoded at rest and reproduced during motion were under-reproduced whereas durations encoded during motion and reproduced at rest were over-reproduced only in the 8 km/h condition. In Experiment 2, the same results were observed in the 4 km/h condition with a larger sample size. These effects on timing behavior provide support for the clock speed-driven effect of movement and contradicts the predictions of attention-based mediation.

Sounds Modulate the Perceived Duration of Visual Stimuli via Crossmodal Integration

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 319-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riku Asaoka ◽  
Jiro Gyoba
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Grouping ◽  
Visual Target ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Expectancy Theory ◽  
Crossmodal Integration ◽  
Stimulus Interval ◽  
Visual Integration ◽  
Inter Stimulus Interval ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Perceived Duration

Previous studies have shown that the perceived duration of visual stimuli can be strongly distorted by auditory stimuli presented simultaneously. In this study, we examine whether sounds presented separately from target visual stimuli alter the perceived duration of the target’s presentation. The participants’ task was to classify the duration of the target visual stimuli as perceived by them into four categories. Our results demonstrate that a sound presented before and after a visual target increases or decreases the perceived visual duration depending on the inter-stimulus interval between the sounds and the visual stimulus. In addition, three tones presented before and after a visual target did not increase or decrease the perceived visual duration. This indicates that auditory perceptual grouping prevents intermodal perceptual grouping, and eliminates crossmodal effects. These findings suggest that the auditory–visual integration, rather than a high arousal state caused by the presentation of the preceding sound, can induce distortions of perceived visual duration, and that inter- and intramodal perceptual grouping plays an important role in crossmodal time perception. These findings are discussed with reference to the Scalar Expectancy Theory.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document