Armed Conflict, Transitional Justice and Children and Youth

2013 ◽  
pp. 1133-1322
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Children And Youth

Reparations for Children and Youth

2016 ◽  
pp. 307-328
Author(s):  
Sinthya Rubio Escolar
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
The Other ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Project

Violence against children and youth in war causes severe damage to individuals, communities and societies. This chapter aims to demonstrate the importance of reparations for children and youth as a peacebuilding mechanism in the context of transitional justice. On one hand, the chapter seeks to address reparations for children and youth understood as a political project, with a transformative and participatory potential for rebuilding societies and healing the wounds of those who have been affected by armed conflict. On the other hand, the paper attempts to overcome the conception of children and youth as passive victims, providing them with agency to become engaged political members in building peaceful societies. Thus, reparations should position them as subjects of rights, giving them voice as contributors in peacebuilding processes.

Reparations for Children and Youth

2016 ◽  
pp. 97-117
Author(s):  
Sinthya Rubio Escolar
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
The Other ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Project

Violence against children and youth in war causes severe damage to individuals, communities and societies. This chapter aims to demonstrate the importance of reparations for children and youth as a peacebuilding mechanism in the context of transitional justice. On one hand, the chapter seeks to address reparations for children and youth understood as a political project, with a transformative and participatory potential for rebuilding societies and healing the wounds of those who have been affected by armed conflict. On the other hand, the paper attempts to overcome the conception of children and youth as passive victims, providing them with agency to become engaged political members in building peaceful societies. Thus, reparations should position them as subjects of rights, giving them voice as contributors in peacebuilding processes.

From the Studies of Violences to Memories

2016 ◽  
pp. 332-355
Author(s):  
Yomaira García Acuña
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Armed Conflict

This paper presents some of the effects of Colombia´s armed conflict in people who were displaced from their territories, and the institutional mechanisms proposed to address this problem. The author studies the cases of El Salado (Bolívar Department) and Nueva Venecia (Department of Magdalena) in a research conducted in these populations after the massacres of the years 2000 by paramilitary groups, and articulates the notions of violence and memories in order to question the current interventions on them in terms of transitional justice.

Living through war: Mental health of children and youth in conflict-affected areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (911) ◽  
pp. 481-506
Author(s):  
Rochelle L. Frounfelker ◽  
Nargis Islam ◽  
Joseph Falcone ◽  
Jordan Farrar ◽  
Chekufa Ra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Psychosocial Impact ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Supportive Environments

AbstractChildren in armed conflict are frequently deprived of basic needs, psychologically supportive environments, educational and vocational opportunities, and other resources that promote positive psychosocial development and mental health. This article describes the mental health challenges faced by conflict-affected children and youth, the interventions designed to prevent or ameliorate the psychosocial impact of conflict-related experiences, and a case example of the challenges and opportunities related to addressing the mental health needs of Rohingya children and youth.

scholarly journals Microlevel Security after Armed Conflict: A New Framework for Analyzing Risks and Benefits of Peacebuilding Processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 802-829
Author(s):  
Holly L Guthrey
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Structural Violence ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The maintenance and/or achievement of security is of paramount importance within settings recovering from armed conflict; however existing studies in the field of peacebuilding do not sufficiently explore how various processes undertaken within peacebuilding programming result in different types of security outcomes at the individual and community level. In this article, I develop a novel conceptual framework for analyzing “microlevel” security risks and benefits of peacebuilding processes, through an adapted version of Johan Galtung's work on direct and structural violence. For the purposes of this article, the framework is applied in the context of “local” transitional justice (TJ) processes used in the aftermath of armed conflict, for which advocacy and implementation has increased in the recent past. Relying on a social psychological definition of security, I disaggregate components of direct and structural violence and use illustrative examples from existing empirical studies about the effects of local TJ processes in various settings to demonstrate ways in which these types of violence may be perpetuated, or initiated in new forms through these processes, thus posing security risks. The framework is further developed through the elucidation of factors that may help to repair the consequences of direct and structural violence and/or hinder the likelihood of their repetition, thematically conceptualized as physical and psychological welfare and social justice (respective to direct and structural violence) that I suggest link to security benefits. The framework is intended to provide new perspectives on understanding how peacebuilding processes may both promote and prevent security from being realized at the local level following armed conflict.

Building a translational science on children and youth affected by political violence and armed conflict: A commentary

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann S. Masten
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Translational Science ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
International Crisis ◽  
Contemporary Development

AbstractArticles in this timely Special Section represent an important milestone in the developmental science on children and youth involved in political violence and armed conflict. With millions of children worldwide affected by past and present wars and conflicts, there is an urgent and growing need for research to inform efforts to understand, prevent, and mitigate the possible harm of such violence to individual children, families, communities, and societies, for present as well as future generations. The four programs of research highlighted in this Special Section illustrate key advances and challenges in contemporary development research on young people growing up in the midst or aftermath of political violence. These studies are longitudinal, methodologically sophisticated, and grounded in socioecological systems models that align well with current models of risk and resilience in developmental psychopathology. These studies collectively mark a critically important shift to process-focused research that holds great promise for translational applications. Nonetheless, given the scope of the international crisis of children and youth affected by political violence and its sequelae, there is an urgent global need for greater mobilization of resources to support translational science and effective evidence-based action.

The Oxford Handbook of International Law in Armed Conflict

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

TheHandbookconsists of 32 Chapters in seven parts. Part I provides the historical background and sets out some of the contemporary challenges. Part II considers the relevant sources of international law. Part III describes the different legal regimes: land warfare, air warfare, maritime warfare, the law of occupation, the law applicable to peace operations, and the law of neutrality. Part IV introduces key concepts in international humanitarian law: weapons and the notion of superfluous injury and unnecessary suffering, the principle of distinction, proportionality, genocide and crimes against humanity, grave breaches and war crimes, internal armed conflict. Part V looks at key rights: the right to life, the prohibition on torture, the right to fair trial, economic, social and cultural rights, the protection of the environment, the protection of cultural property, and the human rights of the members of the armed forces. Part VI covers key issues such as: the use of force, terrorism, unlawful combatants, the application of human rights in times of armed conflict, forced migration, and issues of gender. Part VII deals with accountability issues including those related to private security companies, the need to focus on armed groups, as well as questions of state responsibility brought before national courts, and finally, the book addresses issues related to transitional justice.

Transitional Justice Standards on Reparations for Women Subjected to Violence in the CEDAW Committee’s Evolving Legal Practice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Rubio-Marin ◽  
Dorothy Estrada-Tanck
Keyword(s):  
Women Victims ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Structural Dimension ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Victims Of Violence

Abstract Violence against women continues to be one of the most pressing global concerns. Reparations for women victims of violence have been addressed by the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women Committee over the last 15 years. This article critically examines the evolving practice of the Committee on reparations, in light of the transitional justice doctrinal and normative acquis on gender-sensitive reparations. We systematize legal interpretations, identify trends and milestones, and link them to transitional justice elements. We also suggest that the transitional justice reparations framework can be, and is in fact being, applied to non-transitional contexts, independent of armed conflict and authoritarian regimes. Further, we propose recommendations for the Committee to engage in a more explicit ‘dialogue’ with these ongoing developments to the benefit of women in their everyday lives and in recognition of the structural dimension of violence against women, even in what are other so-called peaceful and stable societies.

Back to the Future? Confronting the Role(s) of Natural Resources in Armed Conflict Through the Lenses of Truth and Reconciliation Commissions

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 373-400
Author(s):  
Eliana Cusato
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Truth And Reconciliation ◽  
Sierra Leonean ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Truth And Reconciliation Commissions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Conflict Strategies

Abstract Natural resources are critical factors in the transition from conflict to peace. Whether they contributed to, financed or fuelled armed conflict, failure to integrate natural resources into post-conflict strategies may endanger the chances of a long-lasting and sustainable peace. This article explores how Truth and Reconciliation Commissions (trcs), as transitional justice institutions, can contribute to addressing the multifaceted role of natural resources in armed conflict. Drawing insights from the practice of the Sierra Leonean and Liberian trcs in this area, the article identifies several ways in which truth-seeking bodies may reinforce post-conflict accountability and avoid the future reoccurrence of abuses and conflict by actively engaging with the natural resource-conflict link. As it is often the case with other transitional justice initiatives, trcs’ engagement with the role of natural resources in armed conflict brings along opportunities and challenges, which are contextual and influenced by domestic and international factors.

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