Exposure-response relationship between passive smoking and adult pulmonary function.

Purpose: To Study/Understand the Exposure-response Relationship between Parental Smoking and Children’s Pulmonary Function Materials and Method: Participants were selected randomly who fit into the inclusion criteria. Selected participants to be then made understood for the nature of study. Subjects were asked to seat upright on table / stool facing the Spirometer machine. Spirometer was done with the RMH Helios computerized Spirometer. Subjects were asked use nose clip and exhale complete and maximum air for long duration then immediately take deep inspiration followed by complete and maximum expiration for long time. Out of 3 or 4 manoeuvres the best manoeuvre was selected and % predicted of FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, FEF25-75 was documented. Results: Statical analysis was done by using Parametric (unpaired t test) and or nonparametric (Mann Whitney) statical test with 95 % class interval (one tailed p). Spearman’s correlation test was obtained to check the relationship between variables. Conclusion: There is a significant reduction in PEFR due to obstructive effect of parental smoking (passive smoking) on pulmonary function of the children. And with increase in number of packs per years, there is a reduction in FEV1, FVC, PEFR and FEF25 -75 of children. Keywords: Passive Smoking, Pulmonary Function, children.

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Erratum: Exposure-Response Relationship Between Paternal Smoking and Children's Pulmonary Function

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine ◽

10.1164/ajrccm.166.5.err7 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 166 (5) ◽

pp. 775-775

Author(s):

Xiping Xu ◽

Scott T. Weiss

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Function ◽

Response Relationship ◽

Exposure Response ◽

Paternal Smoking

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Exposure–Response Relationship Between Paternal Smoking and Children's Pulmonary Function

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine ◽

10.1164/ajrccm.164.6.2009063 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 164 (6) ◽

pp. 973-976 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

SCOTT A. VENNERS ◽

XIAOBIN WANG ◽

CHANGZHONG CHEN ◽

BINYAN WANG ◽

JIATONG NI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Function ◽

Response Relationship ◽

Exposure Response ◽

Paternal Smoking

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The Effect of an Alternative Definition of “Percent Highly Annoyed” on the Exposure–Response Relationship: Comparison of Noise Annoyance Responses Measured by ICBEN 5-Point Verbal and 11-Point Numerical Scales

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126258 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6258

Author(s):

Makoto Morinaga ◽

Thu Lan Nguyen ◽

Shigenori Yokoshima ◽

Koji Shimoyama ◽

Takashi Morihara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sound Pressure ◽

Response Relationship ◽

Alternative Definition ◽

Exposure Response ◽

Noise Annoyance ◽

Numerical Scale ◽

Verbal Scale ◽

Sound Pressure Levels ◽

Acoustic Surveys ◽

Definition Of

Since the development of the 5-point verbal and 11-point numerical scales for measuring noise annoyance by the ICBEN Team 6, these scales have been widely used in socio-acoustic surveys worldwide, and annoyance responses have been easily compared internationally. However, both the top two categories of the 5–point verbal scale and the top three ones of the 11-point numerical scale are correspond to high annoyance, so it is difficult to precisely compare annoyance responses. Therefore, we calculated differences in day–evening–night-weighted sound pressure levels (Lden) by comparing values corresponding to 10% highly annoyed (HA) on Lden_%HA curves obtained from measurements in 40 datasets regarding surveys conducted in Japan and Vietnam. The results showed that the Lden value corresponding to 10% HA using the 5-point verbal scale was approximately 5 dB lower than that of the 11-point numerical scale. Thus, some correction is required to compare annoyance responses measured by the 5-point verbal and the 11-point numerical scales. The results of this study were also compared with those of a survey in Switzerland.

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Exposure–Response Analysis for Selection of Optimal Dosage Regimen of Anifrolumab in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keab176 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yen Lin Chia ◽

Linda Santiago ◽

Bing Wang ◽

Denison Kuruvilla ◽

Shiliang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type I Interferon ◽

Drug Clearance ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Type I ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Response Relationship ◽

Phase 3 ◽

Optimal Dosage Regimen ◽

Exposure Response ◽

Selection Of

Abstract Objectives The randomized, double-blind, phase 2 b MUSE study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the type I interferon receptor antibody anifrolumab (300 mg or 1000 mg every 4 weeks) compared with placebo for 52 weeks in patients with chronic, moderate to severe SLE. Characterizing the exposure–response relationship of anifrolumab in MUSE will enable selection of its optimal dosage regimen in two phase 3 studies in patients with SLE. Methods The exposure–response relationship, pharmacokinetics (PK), and SLE Responder Index (SRI[4]) efficacy data were analysed using a population approach. A dropout hazard function was also incorporated into the SRI(4) model to describe the voluntary patient withdrawals during the 1-year treatment period. Results The population PK model found that type I IFN test–high patients, and patients with a higher body weight, had significantly greater clearance of anifrolumab. Stochastic clinical simulations demonstrated that doses <300 mg would lead to a greater-than-proportional reduction in drug exposure owing to type I interferon alpha receptor–mediated drug clearance (antigen-sink effect, more rapid drug clearance at lower concentrations) and suboptimal SRI(4) responses with wider confidence intervals. Conclusions Based on PK, efficacy, and safety considerations, anifrolumab 300 mg every 4 weeks was recommended as the optimal dosage for pivotal phase 3 studies in patients with SLE.

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