Eutrema racemosum (Eutremeae, Brassicaceae), a new tetraploid species from southwest China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqian Hao ◽  
Ihsan Al-Shehbaz ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Qianlong Liang ◽  
Jianquan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Southwest China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Genome ◽  
Sequence Variations ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Germination Experiments

The new species Eutrema racemosum is described, and its relationship to the closely related E. heterophyllum and E. edwardsii are discussed based on morphological, cytological, and molecular data.  The novelty differs from E. heterophyllum by having elongated racemes and from E. edwardsii by somewhat reflexed fruiting pedicels. Four chloroplast DNA fragments and nuclear ITS region were sequenced for multiple individuals of each species. Three species show distinct and stable sequence variations. Eutrema racemosum and E. heterophyllum form a clade sister to that of E. edwardsii in phylogenetic analyses of sequence variations. Our cytological studies revealed that E. heterophyllum is a diploid with the small genome size, while E. racemosum is a tetraploid with duplicate genomes. These available data support the recognition of E. racemosum as a distinct species well differentiated morphologically and genetically, as well as well-isolated reproductively from its sister species E. heterophyllum. We further found some interspecific triploid hybrids between tetraploid E. racemosum and diploid E. heterophyllum, which seem to be sterile according to our germination experiments.

scholarly journals Silene sunhangii (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from China

PhytoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Nan Lin ◽  
Dai-Gui Zhang ◽  
Xian-Han Huang ◽  
Jian-Wen Zhang ◽  
Jing-Yuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Central China ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Silene sunhangii, a new species of Caryophyllaceae known from only three populations in Hubei and Hunan provinces of central China, is described. Both morphological and molecular data were used to assess the taxonomic status and relationships of this species. Morphologically, S. sunhangii is most similar to S. platyphylla Franch. from which it differs most readily in having 3-veined elliptical leaves without pubescence, tasseled catacorolla, pale purple to red petals without a linear lobe or narrow tooth and lanceolate, bifid to one third. A phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ITS region identified the new species as a well-supported, independent lineage. Our new species is nested within a grade that encompasses species representing a polyphyletic Silene sect. Physolychnis (Benth.) Bocquet. Both the genetic and morphological data support the recognition of Silene sunhangii as a distinct species, although there is inconsistency between these two datasets as to the relationships of the new species.

scholarly journals A re-examination of the molecular systematics and phylogeography of taxa of the Peromyscus aztecus species group, with comments on the distribution of P. winkelmanni

Therya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-346
Author(s):  
C. William Kilpatrick ◽  
Nelish Pradhan ◽  
Ryan W Norris
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Cytb Sequence ◽  
Voucher Specimen ◽  
Cranial Measurements ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Isthmus Of Tehuantepec

The objectives of this study are to examine the available molecular data from the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene (Cytb) and a concatenated dataset with this gene and two nuclear introns (Adh-1-I2 and Fgb-I7) to reexamine the systematic and phylogeographic conclusions reached by Sullivan et al. (1997) concerning the Peromyscus aztecus species group. The divergence of samples of P. aztecus oaxacensis across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec are further examined and taxonomic revisions are suggested. In addition, this study reviews the sources of data that lead to the conclusion that P. winkelmanni occurred in the Sierra Madre del Sur in Guerrero including a morphometric examination of a reported voucher. Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses were conducted on a dataset of 31 Cytb sequences of all taxa in the P. aztecus group except for P. a. cordillerae and a concatenated dataset including five individuals of this group. Representative taxa of the P. boylii, P. mexicanus, and P. truei groups were included in both analyses. Body and cranial measurements of the voucher of the P. winkelmanni from Guerrero from which a Cytb sequence is reported to have been obtained was compared with measurements from specimens taken from the vicinity of Dos Aguas, Michoacán, including the type locality. We identified seven instances involving problematic identifications in GenBank. Once these issues were addressed, well-supported monophyletic sister clades of the P. aztecus and P. boylii species groups were recovered from phylogenetic analyses of Cytb sequences (Fig 1). Phylogenetic analyses of the Cytb and the concatenated datasets recover similar topologies that support the relationships of taxa of the aztecus group proposed by an earlier molecular study. Populations of P. a. oaxacensis southeast of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec represent a distinct species. Measurements of the voucher from Guerrero identified as the source of a P. winkelmanni Cytb sequence are smaller than P. winkelmanni for several characters. The divergent populations of P. a. oaxacensis from southeast of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec are recognized as two subspecies of P. cordillerae, P. c. cordillerae and P. c. hondurensis, whereas those northwest of the Isthmus are retained as P. a. oaxacensis. The lack of genetic divergence observed between P. a. evides and P. a. oaxacensis questions whether these two taxa should continue to be recognized as separate subspecies. Northern and southern populations of P. spicilegus demonstrate moderate divergence and additional examination of morphological and molecular differentiation within this taxon is warranted. The distribution of P. winkelmanni should be restricted to the vicinity of Dos Aguas, Michoacán, due to the lack of a voucher specimen that would confirm its reported occurrence in Guerrero.

Cymbidium xichouense (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 484 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
XINYU XU ◽  
CHANG-CHUN DING ◽  
WENQI HU ◽  
XIA YU ◽  
YU ZHENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Plastid Dna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Cymbidium (Orchidaceae), Cymbidium xichouense, from Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated based on morphological evidence and molecular analyses. The new orchid is morphologically similar to C. qinbeiense, but it has several morphological features that distinguish it from C. qiubeinense and all other recognized species in Cymbidium. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear (ITS) and plastid DNA (matK) were conducted, and the results also supported the status of C. xichouense as a new species, which is sister to C. qiubeiense.

Cryptic species complexes in manipulative echinostomatid trematodes: when two become six

Parasitology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. F. LEUNG ◽  
D. B. KEENEY ◽  
R. POULIN
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Spatial Segregation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Species Complexes

SUMMARYRecent studies have shown that some digenean trematodes previously identified as single species due to the lack of distinguishing morphological characteristics actually consist of a number of genetically distinct cryptic species. We obtained mitochondrial 16S and nuclear ITS1 sequences for the redial stages of Acanthoparyphium sp. and Curtuteria australis collected from snails and whelks at various locations around Otago Peninsula, New Zealand. These two echinostomes are well-known host manipulators whose impact extends to the entire intertidal community. Using phylogenetic analyses, we found that Acanthoparyphium sp. is actually composed of at least 4 genetically distinct species, and that a cryptic species of Curtuteria occurs in addition to C. australis. Molecular data obtained for metacercariae dissected from cockle second intermediate hosts matched sequences obtained for Acanthoparyphium sp. A and C. australis rediae, respectively, but no other species. The various cryptic species of both Acanthoparyphium and Curtuteria also showed an extremely localized pattern of distribution: some species were either absent or very rare in Otago Harbour, but reached far higher prevalence in nearby sheltered inlets. This small-scale spatial segregation is unexpected as shorebird definitive hosts can disperse trematode eggs across wide geographical areas, which should result in a homogeneous mixing of the species on small geographical scales. Possible explanations for this spatial segregation of the species include sampling artefacts, local adaptation by first intermediate hosts, environmental conditions, and site fidelity of the definitive hosts.

Biatora Britannica sp. Nov. and the Occurrence of Biatora Efflorescens in the British Isles

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Printzen ◽  
H. Thorsten Lumbsch ◽  
Alan Orange
Keyword(s):  
Its Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sister Taxon ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractBiatora Britannica sp. nov is described from Wales. The species is the sorediate sister taxon of the Madeiran Biatora hertelii. The close relationship is supported by the presence of the hymenial pigment Hertelii-green, which is hitherto known only from these two species. Molecular data from the nuclear ITS-region of 14 Bratora¯ species renders further support for the close relationship of both species. Sterile, sorediate material from the British Isles earlier referred to B. efflorescens may in fact belong to B. britannica.

A revision of the genus Seligeria (Seligeriaceae, Bryophyta) in Russia inferred from molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 323 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR E. FEDOSOV ◽  
ALINA V. FEDOROVA ◽  
ELENA A. IGNATOVA ◽  
MICHAEL S. IGNATOV
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Sister Relationships ◽  
Central Strand

The genus Seligeria is revised based on morphological and DNA sequence data of nuclear ITS and chloroplastic trnL-F. Fifteen species from most infrageneric units of the genus are recovered in two well supported phylogenetic clusters that are also distinctive in morphology. The clade with the type species of the genus, S. pusilla, includes also S. donniana, S. brevifolia, S. calcarea, S. patula, S. tristichoides, S. trifaria, and S. oelandica. These species are characterized by short, cupulate or turbinate capsules widened towards the mouth, and the lack of a stem central strand. Another clade includes species with rather long, mainly ovate to cylindrical capsules and more or less developed stem central strand: S. campylopoda, S. recurvata, S. subimmersa, S. diversifolia, and S. polaris. These two clusters do not show sister relationships, but the second one appears more closely related to the Blindia clade. To resolve the apparent paraphyly, the latter phylogenetic group is segregated in a genus Blindiadelphus. In some aspects of morphology and ecology it is intermediate between Seligeria s. str. and Blindia, but differs from both genera in subquadrate upper leaf cells and thin- to moderately thick-walled rectangular exothecial cells. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed heterogeneity within the specimens previously referred to Blindiadelphus campylopodus, indicating a presence in Asian Russia of an undescribed species that is described here as Blindiadelphus sibiricus. It differs from B. campylopodus by the larger spores and typically rounded leaf apices. The isotype specimen of S. galinae appeared to be nearly identical to S. donniana in the sequences of ITS and trnL-F, and examination of morphology revealed no substantial differences between these species. Thus, we consider S. galinae as a synonym of S. donniana. The genus Blindiadelphus includes species of Seligeria subg. Blindiadelphus and S. subg. Cyrtoseligeria, which however are found intermingled in the molecular phylogenetic analysis. Thus the genus Blindiadelphus is accepted without any infrageneric taxa. The phylogenetic tree is congruent with the subdivision of the genus Seligeria s.str into subg. Seligeria, subg. Anodon, subg. Megalosporia and one newly established subgenus Robustidontia for S. brevifolia.

Species identity of Macrolophus melanotoma (Costa 1853) and Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur 1839) (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae) based on morphological and molecular data and bionomic implications

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Sanchez ◽  
Jose Luis Cenis ◽  
Gerasimos Cassis ◽  
Jose Isidro Martinez-Cascales
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Antennal Segment ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Macrolophus Pygmaeus ◽  
Nesidiocoris Tenuis ◽  
Black Band ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

AbstractMacrolophus contains a small group of Palaearctic species with very simple and similar external morphology. The classification of these species has been based on variable characters such as body measurements, the height of the black band-shaped macula behind the eyes and the colour of the first antennal segment. Macrolophus melanotoma (Costa 1853), Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur 1839) and Macrolophus costalis Fieber 1858, are the most reputed predators of the genus. The classification history of M. melanotoma and M. pygmaeus shows a great number of misconceptions that have left the identity of the two species in confusion. Despite the economic importance of these two species, they have not received comprehensive taxonomical treatment until now. In this work, the morphological and sequence variation of a cytochrome b fragment (320 bp) were analysed to determine the identity of M. melanotoma and M. pygmaeus. Macrolophus costalis, Dicyphus cerastii Wagner 1951b, Dicyphus tamaninii Wagner 1951b, Cyrtopeltis geniculata Fieber 1861 and Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter 1895) were used as outgroup taxons in the phylogenetic analyses. Several evolutionary models were explored under a maximum likelihood framework. Macrolophus melanotoma and M. pygmaeus were classified as two distinct species based on monophyly, molecular and morphological data. Nodes at the species level were supported by high bootstrap values. M. pygmaeus and M. costalis are sister species, M. melanotoma basal to them. The shape of the black macula behind the eye may be used as a diagnostic character to differentiate M. melanotoma from M. pygmaeus with some degree of confidence.

Neoalbatrellus odorus sp. nov. (Albatrellaceae, Russulales) from Southwest China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 309 (3) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUAN-YUAN CHEN ◽  
MIN WANG ◽  
BO ZHANG ◽  
BAO-KAI CUI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Pore Surface ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Dark Violet ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

We describe herein the Neoalbatrellus odorus sp. nov. accounting on its peculiar morphological features and molecular data. It is characterized by fleshy basidiomata with a deep violet to dark violet pileal surface, which turns blackish blue and glossy after drying. It also has a white pore surface, light violet to bluish violet stipe, simple septate generative hyphae, and thick-walled, non-amyloid basidiospores. The phylogenetic analyses, based on ITS and 28S rDNA sequences of Neoalbatrellus and its related genera, were performed using Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference, confirming the affiliation of the new species to Neoalbatrellus.

A new species of Tashiroea (Melastomataceae, Sonerileae) from Guangxi, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 414 (6) ◽  
pp. 269-279
Author(s):  
QIU-JIE ZHOU ◽  
JIN-HONG DAI ◽  
REN-CHAO ZHOU ◽  
YING LIU
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Apex Acuminate ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Data ◽  
Fruit Stage

Tashiroea dayaoshanensis (Melastomataceae, Sonerileae), a species from northeastern Guangxi, China and previously often identified as Phyllagathis nudipes or P. oligotricha in Chinese herbaria, is described as new based on morphological and molecular data. Indumentum, leaf texture and surface sculpture, capsule morphology and molecular phylogenetic data strongly support the placement of T. dayaoshanensis within the Tashiroea clade which should be accommodated in Tashiroea. Morphology as well as sequence divergence of the nrITS region indicate that T. dayaoshanensis is well differentiated from other species in the same clade, and thus should be treated as a distinct species. Tashiroea dayaoshanensis is phylogenetically closest to Bredia sessilifolia but can be easily distinguished by its petiolate leaves (vs. sessile or subsessile), and crowned ovary (vs. uncrowned). It resembles P. nudipes and P. oligotricha in habit and stamen morphology but differs from both in its leaf apex acuminate (vs. acute to obtuse), connective ventrally tuberculate (vs. not tuberculate) and ovary crown exerted from calyx tube during young fruit stage (vs. not exerted).

scholarly journals The genus Coprinellus (Basidiomycota; Agaricales) in Pakistan with the description of four new species

MycoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 41-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Najam-ul-Sehar Afshan ◽  
Habib Ahmad ◽  
Junaid Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rdna Its Region ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Species Descriptions

Mushrooms with a thin-fleshed pileus that becomes plicate on opening, deliquescent lamellae and dark brown to blackish basidiospores are commonly called coprinoid mushrooms. The genusCoprinellusis one of the important lineages of coprinoid mushroom in the family Psathyrellaceae. Species-level taxonomy inCoprinellusis based mainly on the presence or absence and the structure of veil and cystidia on the pileus, of cystidia on the lamellae and on basidiospore morphology. In this study, four new species ofCoprinellus(Co.campanulatus,Co.disseminatus-similis,Co.pakistanicusandCo.tenuis) are described from Pakistan. Species descriptions are based on morphological and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuc rDNA ITS region show that the new speciesCo.campanulatusandCo.disseminatus-similisare clustered in a clade including members of section Micacei;Co.tenuisfalls in a clade with members of section Domestici; andCo.pakistanicusrecovered in a separate clade adjacent to other recently described clades of genusCoprinellus. Morpho-anatomical descriptions of the new species and comparison with closely allied taxa are provided. With this study, the number of known species ofCoprinellusin Pakistan has reached eight.

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