scholarly journals Morphological variation in Bessera (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae) allows for the recognition of two new species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 512 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
ETELVINA GÁNDARA ◽  
JUAN PABLO ORTIZ-BRUNEL ◽  
ARTURO CASTRO-CASTRO ◽  
EDUARDO RUIZ-SANCHEZ
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Group B ◽  
Wide Geographic Distribution

Bessera (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae) is a genus endemic to Mexico. It currently has two described species: B. elegans with a wide geographic distribution from Durango and Sinaloa in the Sierra Madre Occidental, across the Transmexican Volcanic Belt to Oaxaca in the Sierra Madre del Sur, and B. tuitensis which is endemic to the Sierra del Cuale in Jalisco. Most of the morphological variation in Bessera occurs in western Mexico. We measured ten morphological characters for 280 plants from 21 populations, including B. tuitensis, to answer the following questions: Can Moore’s Group B of B. elegans be recognized as a different species? Are the newly included B. elegans s. l. populations from Colima different from B. elegans s. str., and from B. elegans s. l. (Moore’s group B)? Is there a significant relationship between morphological variation and climate variables for these species? The statistical analyses (ANOVA, MANOVA, and discriminant analysis) allowed us to recognize two new Bessera species, described here as B. elegantissima and B. ramirezii. Additionally, we provide a morphological key for Bessera, illustrations, a distribution map, and photographs of all the species.

scholarly journals The genus Manfreda (Asparagaceae; Agavoideae) in Guerrero, Mexico: richness, distribution and the description of a new species

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-623
Author(s):  
Arturo Castro-Castro ◽  
Jonathan Gilberto Zavala-Pérez ◽  
Ramiro Cruz-Durán
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Biogeographic Provinces ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Taxonomic Methods ◽  
A New Species

Background: Manfreda includes 37 species distributed from southeastern United States to Honduras. The Pacific Lowlands and Sierra Madre del Sur biogeographic provinces and Guerrero state are the centers of species richness and endemism for the genus in Mexico. Questions: How is the geographical distribution of Manfreda in Guerrero? Some specimen does not match any known Manfreda species, could be these collections a new species? Studied species: Fourteen Manfreda species. Study site: Guerrero, Mexico. Methods: The analysis was based on specimens reviewed from 19 herbaria, fieldwork, and records in specialized literature. The richness was quantified by municipalities, biogeographic provinces, and a grid cell, using geographic information systems. The morphological descriptions and the recognition of new species are based on traditional taxonomic methods. Results: Database included 86 records for 14 species. The richness is concentrated in 10 cells located in the transition between the Balsas Basin, Transmexican Volcanic Belt and the Sierra Madre del Sur. Some specimens that could not be assigned to any of the known species in Manfreda and proposed as a new species, which is presented with illustrations, an identification key, and a distribution map. Conclusions: Given the richness, the endemism, and the low density of collections of Manfreda in Guerrero, we found that the richness is likely greater than previously estimated and it could be expected to find new species. It is advisable to focus on the collection towards the Pacific Lowlands, since there is the greatest richness in Mexico.

scholarly journals Geosites of interest as a geopheritage of Jalisco, Mexico. Progress

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Roberto Maciel-Flores ◽  
José Rosas-Elguera ◽  
Laura Peña-García ◽  
Celia Robles-Murguía
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Central Plateau ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Geothermal Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Abiotic Resources ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur

Conserving the geological heritage in Jalisco implies, identifying, classifying and substantiating the importance of geosites in Jalisco and its subsequent dissemination through geotourism. The above can contribute to the creation of geo-park (s), according to the definition and methodology of UNESCO, with the consequent economic benefit to the inhabitants of these regions. The disclosure of geological information encourages an appreciation and care of abiotic resources (rocks, minerals, fossils, morphology, soil and water), especially prior to productive activities, minimizing their damage or avoiding building in areas with geological hazards. Jalisco has a great geodiversity, compared to other states, its history begins approximately 200 million years ago, recorded in the Sierra Madre del Sur and in the Jalisco Block, the most recent volcanic and tectonic activity is recorded in the Volcanic Belt Mexican. The previous provinces, together with the Sierra Madre Occidental and the Central Plateau, contain a wide range of rocks, fossil areas of economic and cultural importance (most of 70 places) and relate the geological history and its dynamics. Geothermal activity, is present in 400 locations.

A new species of Hystrichopsylla Taschenberg (Siphonaptera: Hystrichopsyllidae) from the Mexican transition zone

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1027 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROXANA ACOSTA ◽  
JUAN J. MORRONE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Flea Species ◽  
Sierra Madre Oriental ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Mexican Transition Zone

A new flea species, Hystrichopsylla cryptotis, is described from the Sierra Madre Oriental and Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico. The host of this new species is the shrew Cryptotis mexicana (Coues, 1877) (Mammalia: Soricidae). This flea species is easily recognized by its large size, seven genal combs, and the slender sternum IX, with 13 pairs of thick spiniform setae of different sizes. A key to the Mexican and Guatemalan species of Hystrichopsylla is given. The cladistic analysis indicates that Mexican species of Hystrichopsylla may be arranged in two different species groups: the H. orophila species group (H. orophila Barrera 1952 and H. cryptotis) and the H. dippiei species group (H. dippiei Rotshchild 1902, H. llorentei Ayala and Morales 1990, and H. kris Traub and Johnson 1952). The resolved area cladogram based on their phylogenetic relationships indicates the following relationships: (Sierra Madre Oriental, (Sierra Madre del Sur, Transmexican Volcanic Belt)).

Manfreda santana-michelii (Asparagaceae subfamily Agavoideae), a Striking New Species from Sierra Madre del Sur in Western Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Castro-Castro ◽  
Pilar Zamora-Tavares ◽  
Pablo Carrillo-Reyes ◽  
Aarón Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur

Cunila socorroae (Lamiaceae) a new species from Sierra Madre Occidental, Durango, Mexico

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 453 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
MARÍA DEL ROSARIO GARCÍA-PEÑA ◽  
JESÚS GUADALUPE GONZÁLEZ-GALLEGOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Floral Bracts ◽  
A New Species

Recent botanical explorations in Durango, Mexico, led to the discovery of a new species endemic to this state: Cunila socorroae (Lamiaceae), which is consequently here described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically most similar to C. jaliscana and C. lythrifolia. It can be distinguished from both in having less flowers per cyme, lanceolate floral bracts, longer calyx tube, and lanceolate calyx teeth and longer. It also deviates from C. jaliscana by the fewer floral internodes, longer floral bract, and generally longer corolla tube. Also, the exfoliating bark, white corollas and internally pubescent, make a clear distinction against C. lythrifolia. The distinctive geographic distribution of these species is an additional support to their separation; the new species is exclusive of the middle portion of Sierra Madre Occidental, whereas C. jaliscana is restricted to the northernmost portion of Sierra Madre del Sur, and C. lythrifolia, though mostly occurs in eastern Tans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, has also some localities in southern Chihuahuan Desert, Sierra Madre Oriental and Sierra Madre del Sur.

Analysing the assembly of cenocrons in the Mexican transition zone through a time-sliced cladistic biogeographic analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Corral-Rosas ◽  
Juan J. Morrone
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Mexican Transition Zone ◽  
Nearctic Region

A transition zone shows the overlap between two or more regions and represents an event of biotic hybridisation, where different cenocrons assembled as a result of historical and ecological processes. The Mexican transition zone, the area where the Nearctic and Neotropical regions overlap, includes the following five biogeographical provinces: Sierra Madre Occidental, Sierra Madre Oriental, Sierra Madre del Sur, Transmexican Volcanic Belt and Chiapas Highlands. Within this transition zone, the following five cenocrons have already been recognised: Paleoamerican, Mexican Plateau, Mountain Mesoamerican, Nearctic and Typical Neotropical. We undertook three cladistic biogeographic analyses on the basis of 49 cladograms of terrestrial taxa, partitioning them into three time-slices, namely, Miocene (Mountain Mesoamerican cenocron), Pliocene (Mountain Mesoamerican plus Nearctic cenocrons) and Pleistocene (Mountain Mesoamerican, Nearctic and Typical Neotropical cenocrons). For the Miocene time-slice, we observed a close relationship of the Transmexican Volcanic Belt with the Neotropical region, whereas, for the Pliocene and Pleistocene time-slices, the closest relationship of the Transmexican Volcanic Belt was with the Nearctic region. We conclude that the Transmexican Volcanic Belt may have played a different role according to the cenocron analysed, and that the Mexican transition zone differs in its delimitation depending on the taxa analysed, strengthening the idea that it is a complex area.

Testing the biogeographical regionalization of the Mexican Transition Zone based on the distribution of Curculionidae (Insecta: Coleoptera)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4530 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
PATRICIA G. GARCÍA-NAVARRETE ◽  
JUAN J. MORRONE
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Independent Analysis ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
The Family ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Mexican Transition Zone ◽  
The Relationship

A test of the biogeographical regionalization of the Mexican Transition Zone (MTZ) is presented, resulting from a Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity (PAE) based on the distributional patterns of 575 species of the family Curculionidae. The analysis was carried out in three stages. First, a PAE was carried out to define a general regionalization scheme for the MTZ, identifying areas and microareas of endemism for the entire area. Then PAEs were undertaken for each province. Third, a PAE was carried out to determine the relationship between the provinces of the MTZ. The analysis of the entire MTZ resulted in four areas and 57 microareas of endemism, while in the independent analysis of each province, five areas and 67 microareas of endemism were obtained. Both analyses coincide basically in the location of the areas and microareas of endemism, which are subordinated to biogeographic units defined by different authors. In the consensus cladogram of the third stage of the analysis, the Transmexican Volcanic Belt (TVB) is the sister area to the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMOC); then, they are the sister area to the Sierra Madre Oriental (SMOR); and finally the previous provinces are united in a trichotomy with the Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS) and the Chiapas Highlands (CHIS). It is assumed that the differences found when comparing our results with different cladistic biogeographic studies of the MTZ reflect the complexity of the study area. Since the data used to perform the analyses are not uniform, and both geographical units and taxa are different, the comparison between different analyses is difficult. 

scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA indicate paraphyletic relationships and resolve disjunct distributions in the Neotoma mexicana species group

Therya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-421
Author(s):  
Giovani Hernández Canchola ◽  
Livia León Paniagua ◽  
Jacob Aaron Esselstyn
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
The Us ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Isthmus Of Tehuantepec

Woodrats (genus Neotoma) comprise 24 species found primarily in the US and Mexico. The Neotoma mexicana species group reaches its southernmost distribution in the highlands of southern Mexico and Central America. Previous research suggested that N. mexicana has a disjunct distribution, and it, N. ferruginea and N. picta have allopatric distributions and limit each other around the lowlands of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. However, these hypotheses were suggested with incomplete subspecific sampling near the isthmus. We used new samples of N. m. parvidens from the Oaxacan Sierra Madre del Sur and N. m. tropicalis from the Sierra Norte de Oaxaca to assess their taxonomic affinity. With new sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene, we found that both subspecies belong to N. ferruginea, not N. mexicana. We therefore suggest that N. mexicana is continuously distributed from the US to the Transmexican Volcanic Belt, N. picta inhabits the Guerreran Sierra Madre del Sur, and N. ferruginea ranges from the Oaxacan Sierra Madre del Sur to Central America. Our findings indicate that the Isthmus of Tehuantepec did not promote speciation in these woodrats, but we did detect intraspecific genetic differentiation between samples of N. ferruginea from east and west of the isthmus.

scholarly journals Transition zones and biogeographic characterization of endemism in three biogeographic provinces of central Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Ortiz-Bermúdez ◽  
José Luis Villaseñor
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Biogeographic Provinces ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Areas Of Endemism ◽  
Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽  
Study Species

Background: Sites of overlap in the species distribution among regions are known as transition zones. Their floristic and biogeographic complexity is rarely discussed. Questions: Is it possible to identify transition zones amid the biogeographic provinces of Mexico? Can transition zones also be considered areas of endemism? Study species: 315 Asteraceae taxa endemic to Mexico.Study site: Volcanic Belt, Balsas Depression and Sierra Madre del Sur biogeographic provinces. Methods: For species of Asteraceae endemic to three biogeographic provinces of central Mexico, we characterized the province to which each species belonged and estimated the distance it could penetrate the neighboring province. We defined transition zones between biogeographic provinces as the average penetration distances of the species. We also evaluated the presence of species with restricted distribution to transition zones. Results: Two transition zones were identified in the Balsas Depression, first, at the junction with the Volcanic Belt with a width of 13 km, and second, with the Sierra Madre del Sur, with a width of 12.3 km. There were 45 species whose distribution was restricted to those transition zones.Conclusions: Understanding how richness and endemism are exchanged from one region to another is essential to explain how their floras have been assembling and evolving. This analysis has allowed us to better understand the relationships among regions as complex as those studied here.

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