Intraspecific variation of the caudal fin skeleton in Osteoglossum bicirrhosum Cuvier 1829 (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha: Osteoglossidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1434 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA EDUARDA CASTRO LEAL ◽  
PAULO M. BRITO
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Caudal Skeleton ◽  
Large Samples ◽  
Variation Patterns

The caudal fin skeleton has been regarded as a major source of characters used in the evaluation of teleostean interrelationships. Despite the increasing number of papers drawing attention to the variability observed within species when large samples are considered, intraspecific variation of this complex remains poorly known for many teleostean groups, and comparative anatomical studies still often rely on a small number of specimens. Within the Osteoglossomorpha, there are few studies concerning instraspecific variation patterns, and many aspects of both the anatomy and homology of the caudal fin skeleton elements are controversial (e.g. epurals versus uroneurals; number of hypurals compounding the “hypural fan”). Given this perspective, we examined the caudal skeleton of 84 specimens of the neotropical osteoglossid fish Osteoglossum bicirrhosum, and described and quantified its morphological variation. We determined that the number of neural spines on the preural centra and hypural fusion patterns showed the greatest variation. Despite the widespread distribution of this taxon, the observed variation appears to be geographically independent, and occurs randomly within populations. 

The caudal skeleton of Batrachoidiformes (Teleostei: Percomorphacea): a study of morphological diversity, intraspecific variation, and phylogenetic inferences

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 228-286
Author(s):  
Diego F B Vaz ◽  
Eric J Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Caudal Skeleton ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Data Source ◽  
First Time

Abstract The caudal-fin skeleton is a primary data source for systematics of fishes, with characters from this complex being proposed as synapomorphies at many taxonomic levels. Batrachoidiformes is recognized as monophyletic, although intraordinal relationships are unclear. Likewise, interrelationships of Batrachoidiformes to other percomorphs are not well established. The caudal skeleton of Batrachoidiformes has not been thoroughly studied and is poorly represented in recent phylogenetic analyses. In this study, we examined the caudal-fin skeleton of 55 of the 82 species and 22 of the 23 genera of Batrachoidiformes, emphasizing the detection of intraspecific variation to recognize morphological characters with phylogenetic significance. Intraspecific variation is high, especially in the shape of epurals and the parhypural flange. A dorsal prezygapophysis on the first ural centrum and the acute articular edge of the parhypural flange are interpreted as putative synapomorphies of Porichthyinae. The anterior epural supporting two procurrent fin rays is found only in some Halophryninae, but is absent in Allenbatrachus, Batrachomeus, Batrichthys and Halophryne. Among Batrachoidiformes, a hypurapophysis-like process on the first ural centrum is found in Thalassophryninae and Barchatus, Batrichthys, Bifax, Chatrabus, Colletteichthys, Halobatrachus, Perulibatrachus and Riekertia. Caudal-fin ray counts are phylogenetically informative at several taxonomic levels. Distal caudal cartilages are described for Batrachoidiformes for the first time.

scholarly journals Caudal osteology and its application to reconstruct phylogenetic relationship in the genus Garra

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-249
Author(s):  
Sevil Sungur ◽  
Soheil Eagderi ◽  
Pariya Jalili ◽  
Erdogan Cicek
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Caudal Skeleton ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Among cyprinid family, little information is available about the phylogenetic relationships of the members of genus Garra in Iran. The structure of caudal skeleton as a valuable source in taxonomic studies of fishes can help to determine their systematic position. Hence, this study was conducted to compare the osteological features of caudal fin skeleton and reconstructing phylogenetic tree of the Iranian members of genus Garra. For this purpose, five specimens of every selected (except Iran blind carp with two specimens from each morphotype) taxon were cleared and stained to examine the osteological characteristics of their caudal fin skeleton. Also, Kura barbel (Barbus cyri) and Barzam (Capoeta trutta) were designed as outgroup. The results showed that members of Garra constitute a monophyletic group. The results revealed that the caudal skeleton features cannot discriminate the members of genus Garra at the level of species because of small number of extractable characters and their states.

Intraspecific geographic-morphological variation patterns in Fucus distichus and F. evanescens

1985 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Rice ◽  
T. J. Kenchington ◽  
A. R. O. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Fucus Distichus ◽  
Variation Patterns

The genus Antennaria (Asteraceae: Inuleae) in North America: multivariate analysis of variation patterns in Antennaria rosea sensu lato

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1583-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Chmielewski ◽  
C. C. Chinnappa
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
North America ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Range Limits ◽  
Variation Patterns ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Analysis Of Variation ◽  
Reproductive Characters

Patterns of morphological variation were examined among pistillate and staminate plants of Antennaria rosea Greene s.l. and northwestern microspecies in section Dioicae which are often placed in synonomy with A. rosea. The variation observed among pistillate plants was not correlated with geography, but in certain regions such as southern Yukon, Banff and Jasper national parks, the Cypress Hills of southeastern Alberta, and in the southern range limits the likelihood of finding atypical specimens increases. The northwestern taxa A. breitungii, A. elegans, A. incarnata, A. laingii, A. leuchippi, A. oxyphylla, and atypical forms of A. subviscosa, although similar in many characteristics to A. rosea, do represent distinct morphological entities. The fact that these taxa maintain their distinctive morphologies under controlled transplant studies suggests that their species rank may be maintained. Staminate plants in the northeastern portion of their distribution were consistently larger than those found elsewhere. The importance of vegetative and vegetative–reproductive characters in the discriminant function suggests that the morphological differences are in response to environmental factors.

scholarly journals Moenkhausia lepidura (Kner, 1858) (Characiformes, Characidae): osteology and relationships

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Darlim ◽  
Manoela M. F. Marinho
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Proximal Portion ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
Phylogenetic Information ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
The Family

Abstract Cladistic analysis of fishes are mostly based on osteological studies. Phylogenetic relationships within the family Characidae are poorly known in part due to the lack of anatomical studies of its members, including osteology. The present contribution aims to offer a detailed description of all bony complexes of Moenkhausia lepidura. Two remarkable morphological conditions present in the species are discussed: a bony lamella on the proximal portion of the ribs and a basal expansion of the gill rakers. A morphological survey of several species of Characidae along with available phylogenetic information of the family indicates the putative relationships of Moenkhausia lepidura with other small characids presenting bony lamella on ribs and a dark mark on the caudal fin.

Sexual dimorphism in Ephedrus persicae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae): intraspecific variation in size and shape

2009 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Mitrovski Bogdanović ◽  
Ana Ivanović ◽  
Željko Tomanović ◽  
Vladimir Žikić ◽  
Petr Starý ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Wing Size ◽  
Aphid Parasitoid ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Variation Patterns ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractSexual dimorphism in size and shape has been studied in a wide range of organisms, but intraspecific variation in sexual dimorphism remains largely unexplored. In many parasitoid species the diversity of morphological-variation patterns within species is complicated by host effects. It is not known whether the magnitude and direction of sexual size dimorphism can be affected by the developmental environment (i.e., different host species). In this study we explored patterns of sexual dimorphism in size and shape in the aphid parasitoid Ephedrus persicae Froggatt. The analyzed sample consisted of 83 females and 54 males reared from five species of host aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from various areas of the Palaearctic region. The most notable result of the study is that E. persicae displays divergent patterns of sexual dimorphism in body size and wing size: females have larger bodies than males, but males have larger wings. Our analysis of wing size and wing shape also showed significant within species variation in the degree and pattern of sexual dimorphism. Variation in wing shape between the sexes seems to be more conserved than variation in wing size. Variation in wing shape is influenced predominantly by host (biotype) and to a lesser extent by sexual dimorphism within a biotype.

Tetrabothrius shinni sp.nov. (Eucestoda) from Phalacrocorax atriceps bransfieldensis (Pelecaniformes) in Antarctica with comments on morphological variation, host–parasite biogeography, and evolution

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 2969-2975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Hoberg
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Genital Atrium ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Geographic Distributions ◽  
Paratenic Hosts ◽  
Host Parasite

Tetrabothrius shinni sp.nov. is described from blue-eyed shags, Phalacrocorax atriceps bransfieldensis Murphy in the western Antarctic. Morphologically, T. shinni is most similar to Tetrabothrius phalacrocoracis Burt, 1977, the only other tetrabothriid known from the Phalacrocoracidae. Specimens of T. shinni are distinguished by a relatively small scolex, numerous testes, (35–61 in number), a large genital atrium (196–317 μm in diameter), a long male canal (86–160 μm in length) with a prominent distal sphincter, and the configuration of the genital atrium (massive ventrally directed male papilla with the aperture of the male canal located anterolaterally). The extreme intraspecific variation in some morphological characters evident in specimens of T. shinni suggests that a reevaluation of some Tetrabothrius spp. is required. The life cycle of T. shinni is thought to involve nototheniid fishes as second intermediate or paratenic hosts. The host and geographic distributions and a suite of unique characters shared by T. shinni and T. phalacrocoracis suggest that they are sister species in which cladogenesis during the Tertiary coincided with that of shags referred to the subgenera Leucocarbo and Stictocarbo.

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