Description of cryptic taxa within the Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne-Edwards, 1878 and A. hebes Kim and Abele, 1988 species complexes (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2153 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTHUR ANKER ◽  
CARLA HURT ◽  
NANCY KNOWLTON
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Data ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Isthmus Of Panama ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Cryptic Taxa ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Final Closure

Alpheus bouvieri A. Milne-Edwards, 1878 and A. hebes Kim and Abele, 1988 are reviewed based on morphological and genetic data. Alpheus bouvieri, previously believed to be distributed in the eastern Pacific and Atlantic, is restricted to the Atlantic populations; the eastern Pacific populations (A. bouvieri sensu Kim and Abele 1988) are assigned to A. javieri n. sp. A second new species, A. agilis n. sp., closely related to the eastern Pacific A. hebes, is described based on recently collected specimens from the eastern Atlantic (São Tomé, Cape Verde) and western Atlantic (Atol das Rocas off northeastern Brazil). The absence of A. agilis n. sp. (or any other representative of the A. hebes clade) in the Caribbean Sea is likely due to a relatively recent (~1–2 my) extinction. Genetic data (COI sequences) indicates that A. bouvieri and A. javieri n. sp., and A. hebes and A. agilis n. sp. diverged approximately 6 and 7.5 mya, respectively, i.e., around 3 my before the final closure of the Isthmus of Panama.

scholarly journals Molluscan diversification and extinction on opposite sides of the Isthmus of Panama

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 144-144
Author(s):  
Jeremy B. C. Jackson ◽  
Peter Jung
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Tropical Eastern Pacific ◽  
Early Pliocene ◽  
Isthmus Of Panama ◽  
Late Neogene ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Final Closure

Molluscs are the most diverse and abundant tropical American macrofossils, but their distributions and evolution are not well understood. Classic studies by Olsson and Woodring documented a rich Late Miocene to Early Pliocene “Gatunian” fauna throughout the Caribbean and tropical Eastern Pacific, with many species in common between the oceans. This fauna was divided by formation of the Isthmus of Panama, and diverged into distinct Pacific and Caribbean faunas sometime thereafter. Diversity also decreased by about half in the Caribbean. However, the timing, rates and correlation of these major biological changes with changes in environmental conditions have not been resolved because of imprecise dating and taxonomy and failure to consider problems of sampling and biofacies in biological comparisons. We used the newly revised late Neogene stratigraphy for Panama and Costa Rica to date for the first time the radiation and extinction of molluscs on opposite sides of the Isthmus. Data include occurrences throughout tropical America for nearly 100 species of the Strombina-group (Gastropoda, Columbellidae) and for more than 500 gastropod and bivalve genera from 240 Late Miocene to Pleistocene isthmian collections.All evidence suggests that final closure of the Isthmus of Panama occurred between 3.5 and 2.5 My. Subgeneric divergence between the oceans was well developed, and trans-isthmian species were rare by the Early Pliocene, at least 2 Ma before final closure. Caribbean diversity remained high until 1.8 to 1.5 Ma when massive but selective extinction occurred. This was at least 1 Ma after final closure of the Isthmus, and may be correlated with onset of slightly cooler Caribbean sea surface temperatures in the Pleistocene. In contrast, Eastern Pacific diversity did not decline, and even increased during the Pleistocene.

Distribution, history, and taxonomy of the Thais clade (Gastropoda: Muricidae) in the Neogene of tropical America

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geerat J. Vermeij
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Large Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Extinction Rates ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
The Caribbean

The earliest known members of the Thais clade of rapanine muricid neogastropods comprise four species from the Cantaure Formation (early Miocene: Burdigalian) of Venezuela; three of these species are new. Neorapana rotundata Gibson-Smith et al., 1997, is most closely related to the Recent Pacific Mexican N. tuberculata (Sowerby, 1835), and represents the only known Atlantic occurrence of the genus. Thais brevicula new species is closest to T. callaoensis (Gray, 1828) from the Recent of northern Peru and the Galápagos. A review of the genus Thais indicates that the typical members of this group occur in the South Atlantic, West Africa, and eastern Pacific, but not in the Recent fauna of the southern Caribbean. Stramonita bifida new species is a large species related to the Recent S. haemastoma floridana (Conrad, 1837), which occurs throughout the Caribbean. A review of American species of Stramonita indicates that the taxon S. biserialis (de Blainville, 1832) from the Recent fauna of the eastern Pacific, and the taxon S. h. haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767), may each be composed of more than one species despite the teleplanic dispersal of their larvae. Stramonita semiplicata new species is closely related to the Recent S. bicarinata (de Blainville, 1832) from the South Atlantic, and represents a lineage that occurred in the Caribbean region until at least the late Miocene. It may have given rise to the eastern Pacific genus Acanthais. The higher diversity and greater antipredatory specialization of eastern Pacific as compared to western Atlantic members of the Thais clade may have resulted from higher post-Miocene rates of speciation and lower extinction rates in the eastern Pacific.

Patterns of morphological diversity among and within arcid bivalve species pairs separated by the Isthmus of Panama

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 590-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. Marko ◽  
Jeremy B. C. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Isthmus Of Panama ◽  
Species Pairs ◽  
Recent Species ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Collection Sites

Geminate species are morphologically similar sister-species found on either side of the Isthmus of Panama. The existence of all geminates in the tropical Eastern Pacific ocean and the Caribbean Sea is most often explained by vicariance: closure of the Central American Seaway 3.1 to 3.5 Ma simultaneously isolated populations of species with amphi-American distributions. In this paper, we test the potential of morphological measurements for discriminating between Recent geminate species pairs from three genera (Arca, Arcopsis, and Barbatia) in the bivalve family Arcidae and examine the prospects for distinguishing nominal species in the fossil record. Fourteen morphological variables were used to characterize shell shape and multivariate methods were used to discriminate between five Recent species pairs. Collection sites were also used as a priori groups for discrimination to describe patterns of intraspecific morphological variation and to evaluate differences among samples from different geographic regions.On average, 84 percent of specimens within geminate pairs are classified correctly following five separate discriminant analyses with nominal species as the grouping variable. Although all but one arcid species pair are discriminated with high statistical significance, some collection sites within species are highly morphologically distinct. Overall, a large proportion of specimens from each collection locality (79 percent on average) can be classified correctly to site although no single site possessed a multivariate centroid that was significantly different from all other conspecific centroids. The distinctiveness of some collection sites, however, raises the possibility that some nominal species may harbor cryptic species, indicating the need for wider geographic surveys of both molecular and morphological variation within geminate species pairs.The eigenvalue coefficients derived from the Recent samples of one geminate pair (Arca mutabilis and A. imbricata) were used to assess the potential for identifying arcid species in the fossil record. Discriminant analyses of fossil Arca indicate that the forms that characterize Recent A. mutabilis and A. imbricata are present in the fossil record as far back as the Late Early Miocene, in the Cantaure Formation of Venezuela. Because a deep water connection between the Eastern Pacific and Western Atlantic existed until the Middle Miocene, the morphological differences associated with Recent A. mutabilis and A. imbricata likely existed well before the rising Isthmus affected ocean circulation patterns in tropical America. Therefore, despite great overall morphological similarity, these putative geminate species likely have a time of divergence that is at least four times older than final seaway closure. The geographic distribution of fossils also suggests that morphological forms associated with each Recent species had amphi-American distributions both before and after isthmus formation but are now geographically restricted to either side of the isthmus in the Recent fauna.

scholarly journals REVISIÓN TAXONÓMICA DE LA FAMILIA ANTENNARIIDAE PARA COLOMBIA (PISCES: LOPHIIFORMES), INCLUYENDO UN NUEVO REGISTRO DE ANTENNARIUS

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz M. Mejía Ladino ◽  
Arturo Acero P. ◽  
Luz S. Mejía M. ◽  
Andrea Polanco F.
Keyword(s):  
Common Species ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Caribbean

The family Antennariidae is represented by two genera (Antennarius and Histrio) and seven species in the Western Atlantic, and by two genera (Antennarius and Antennatus) and five species in the Eastern Pacific. All the species are known from Colombian waters, with the exception of Antenanrius coccineus. In this study we review the family Antenariidae in Colombia, based on the examination of 51 specimens. Antennarius radiosus is first recorded from the Colombian Caribbean, based on two specimens collected with trawls at 20 m depth in Buritaca (Magdalena) and Isla Fuerte (Córdoba). Antennarius radiosus, Antennarius bermudensis, Antennarius multiocellatus, Antennarius ocellatus and Antennarius pauciradiatus are restricted to the Western Atlantic. The most common species found in Colombian seas are Antennarius striatus in the Caribbean and Antennarius avalonis in the Pacific. Histrio histrio is the only species with an almost circumglobal distribution. A key to identify antenariid fishes from Colombia is provided.

Revision of theAlpheus cristulifronsspecies complex (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae), with description of a new species from the tropical eastern Atlantic

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Anker ◽  
Carla Hurt ◽  
Nancy Knowlton
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Gulf Of Guinea ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Colour Patterns ◽  
A New Species

The taxonomy of the snapping shrimpAlpheus cristulifronsRathbun, 1900, previously reported from the eastern Pacific and western and eastern Atlantic, is reviewed based on molecular data (COI), morphology and colour patterns. Three species are recognized in theA. cristulifronsspecies complex.Alpheus cristulifrons sensu strictois restricted to the western Atlantic, ranging from Florida and the Caribbean Sea to southern Brazil. The eastern PacificA. cristulifrons sensuKim & Abele, 1988 corresponds toA. utriensisRamos & Von Prahl, 1989, ranging from the Gulf of California to Colombia; this species can be separated fromA. cristulifronsby the absence of balaeniceps setae on the male minor chela and the presence of bands on the antennular and antennal flagella. The eastern AtlanticA. cristulifronssensuCrosnier & Forest, 1966 is described asA. xanthocarpussp. nov. based on recently collected material from the island of São Tomé in the Gulf of Guinea; this species differs fromA. cristulifronsby the posteriorly more extending rostral carina and the presence of conspicuous yellow spots on the carpus and chela of the second pereiopod. Molecular data suggest thatA. utriensisis the eastern Pacific sister clade to the amphi-Atlntic clade that includesA. cristulifronsandA. xanthocarpussp. nov.

scholarly journals New Fortuyniidae and Selenoribatidae (Acari, Oribatida) from Bonaire (Lesser Antilles) and morphometric comparison between Eastern Pacific and Caribbean populations of Fortuyniidae

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Pfingstl ◽  
Julia Baumann ◽  
Andrea Lienhard ◽  
Heinrich Schatz
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Taxonomic Distinctness ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Morphometric Investigation ◽  
The Caribbean

Two new intertidal oribatid mite species were found on the coast of Bonaire. Litoribates bonairensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from its only congener, L. caelestis, by the cerotegumental pattern and shape of sensillus. This is also the first record of the genus from the Caribbean region. Thasecazetes falcidactylus gen. nov., sp. nov. is characterized by conspicuous longitudinal notogastral ridges and sickle shaped claws and represents a new selenoribatid genus that probably shows a wider distribution within the Caribbean. Both species were found in mangrove habitats. An ecological preference for this environment may be considered. A morphometric investigation of Litoribates and Alismobates populations from the Galápagos Archipelago in the Eastern Pacific, several Caribbean areas and the Western Atlantic Bermuda Islands revealed certain remarkable facts: First, Litoribates species show a conspicuous higher size variation between the different locations than Alismobates species; second, the geographic distance between the populations is reflected in the extent of divergence and third, similar variation patterns shown in Litoribates and Alismobates indicate that both taxa have experienced similar evolutionary histories in the respective geographic regions. An additional molecular genetic analysis provides barcoding sequences for the new taxa and confirms their taxonomic distinctness. 

A new species of Tambja (Nudibranchia: Polyceridae: Nembrothinae) from southern Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 979-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Pola ◽  
J. Lucas Cervera ◽  
Terrence M. Gosliner
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Light Blue ◽  
Isthmus Of Panama ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Yellowish Orange

A new species of the genus Tambja is described from the western Atlantic on the coast of Brazil. To date, the genus Tambja was represented in the Atlantic Ocean by nine species but only three of them have been recorded from the western Atlantic: T. gratiosa from the Gulf of Mexico, T. divae from Brazil and T. oliva from the Caribbean coast of the Isthmus of Panama. Tambja stegosauriformis sp. nov. is easily distinguished from all its congeneric Atlantic species of the genus by having very well developed light blue tubercles scattered on the yellowish-orange ground with an elongate crest behind the gill until the end of the tail. The anterior margin of the notum is very wide and elevated and it extends into a kind of lapel around the rhinophores. This peculiar external morphology and its conspicuous coloration characterize this species.

scholarly journals MOLUSCOS DE LA REGION DE LA CIENAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA (COSTA DEL CARIBE DE COLOMBIA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudo Von Cosel
Keyword(s):  
Marine Species ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Tropical Eastern Pacific ◽  
Caribbean Coast ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Planktonic Larvae ◽  
The Caribbean

This paper deals with the moDusk species known from the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta and from the littoral zone and the upper continental shelf of the coastal strip between lala de Salamanca and the balneario El Rodadero (Caribbean coast of Colombia, South America). 468 species and subspecies ofmarine, brackish-water and freshwater mollusks are reponed comprising 211 bivalves. 6 scaphopods and 251 gastropods. 101 species and 1 subspecies have been found in the Ciénaga Grande (most of them also in the sea), a further 9 marine species have been recorded only as old shells in the estuarine part of the Ciénaga Grande, the rest have been collected exclusively in the marine part of the investigated area. 268 species (120 bivalves, 3 scaphopods and 145 gastropods) have been live-collected, the remainder only as empty shells. 165 species and 9 subspecies (90 + 1 bivalves and 75 + 2 gastropods) are monographed and discussed in detail, among them 98 species and 1 subspecies (48 bivalves and 50 + 1 gastropods) from the Ciénaga Grande or its estuarine región, and 67 species and 2 subspecies only from the sea. Of the 98 species from the Ciénaga Grande, 64 have been live-collected, tlte oth*er 34 as empty shells only. The Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta is the largest coastal lagoon of the Caribbean coast of Colombia, occupying an area of 450 km'. According to the season, drastic changes in salinity of between 0 and S0*/oo may be observed. Depth varies between 1 and 2.5 m, and the shore mostly consists of mangrove swamps. The bottom is muddy, some more or less extended areas having oyster reefs or shell concentrates. There are small areas in the northern part with sandy bottoms. Most mollusk species enter the lagoon and spread out within it as planktonic larvae by means of the currents, if conditions are favourable. Only very rarely are adult snails able to enter {he Ciénaga Grande actively. The propagation of the planktonic larvae within the lagoon depends on the nearest natural occurrence of the species, the duration of the pelagic phase, settlement depends on the presence of suitable substrate (besides the other ecological conditions needed). On account of finding older empty shells in a relative uniform state of preservation throughout the whole basin of the Ciénaga Grande, and of species not having been encountered there live, it can be assumed that there had previously existed an extremely long period of high salinity in the lagoon, with lower amplitudes than nowadays. According to C dates this period can be located ¿00-360 years ago, and its duration is estimated at at lea»t 3.5 years. The reason for this was most probably the greater interchange of sea and lagoonal water through several no longer existing, but still traceable, inlets. The zoogeographic division of those species treated in detail (except the freshwater species) is as follows: western Atlantic species. 68; Caribbean species. 48: southern Caibbean species, partly also from Brasil, 39. Í2 species are amphi-atlantic and 5 amphi-american. Six species known from Suriname, Venezuela or Brasil are recorded for the first time from Colombia and the southwestern Caribbean. 69 species have a win species (cognate species) existing in the Eastern Pacific (Panamic zoogeographic province). The portion of species with Pacific twin species found in the studied area is very high in comparison with other regions of the Caribbean, especially among the bivalves. This is due most probably to the similarity of the biotopes on large parts of the Colombian Caribbean coast and the tropical Eastern Pacific coast, preferred by these species.

DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity and peculiar phylogeographic patterns in mojarras (Perciformes: Gerreidae) from the Caribbean and South-western Atlantic

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-283
Author(s):  
Uedson Pereira Jacobina ◽  
Rodrigo Augusto Torres ◽  
Paulo Roberto Antunes de Mello Affonso ◽  
Ewerton Vieira dos Santos ◽  
Leonardo Luiz Calado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

AbstractThe mojarras (Eucinostomus) are a widespread group of coastal fishes of controversial taxonomy because of similarities in their external morphology. In the present study, we assessed the genetic diversity of species and populations of Eucinostomus using DNA barcodes using a systematic and phylogeographic context. In total, 416 COI sequences of all valid Eucinostomus representatives were analysed based on public databases and collected specimens from the north-eastern coast of Brazil (Western South Atlantic). Several cases of misidentification were detected in the barcode dataset (E. argenteus, E. harengulus, E. gula, E. dowii and E. jonesii) that could account for the taxonomic issues in this genus. In contrast, we identified four molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs), with divergence above 2% in the Western Atlantic, that correspond to cryptic forms within E. argenteus, E. harengulus, E. gula and E. melanopterus. These data suggest that Plio-Pleistocene events (rise of the Panama isthmus, Amazonas outflow and sea-level fluctuations) played a major role in the diversification of mojarras. While subtle morphological differences have been used as proxies to discriminate Eucinostomus species, the genetic data proved to be efficient in differentiating them and revealing potentially undescribed taxa. Therefore, we recommend that further taxonomic studies in mojarras should incorporate DNA-based evidence.

Overview of the biodiversity and distribution of the Class Homoscleromorpha in the Tropical Western Atlantic

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Domingos ◽  
Anaíra Lage ◽  
Guilherme Muricy
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Greater Antilles ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Plakortis Angulospiculatus ◽  
North Western

In this study we revise the current knowledge on the biodiversity and distribution of the Class Homoscleromorpha in the Tropical Western Atlantic (TWA). Twenty-seven species are currently recognized in the TWA, belonging to the generaOscarella(O. nathaliae),Plakortis(P. angulospiculatus, P. dariae, P. edwardsi, P. halichondrioides, P. insularis, P. microrhabdifera, P. myrae, P. petrupaulensis, P. potiguarensis, P. simplex, P. spinalis, P. zyggompha),Plakinastrella(P. globularis, P. microspiculifera, P. onkodes, P. stinapa),Plakina(P. coerulea, P. elisa, P. jamaicensis, P. monolopha, P. tetralopha, P. trilopha, P. versatilis),Corticium(C. diamantense, C. quadripartitum) andTetralophophora(T. mesoamericana). Three of these ‘species’ are cosmopolitan and in fact represent complexes of cryptic species:Plakina monolopha, P. trilophaandPlakortis simplex. All other 24 species reported are TWA endemics. Only four species are found both in the Caribbean and in Brazil:Plakortis angulospiculatus, P. halichondrioides, Plakinastrella microspiculiferaandP. onkodes, but these may also be species complexes. Seven species are Brazilian endemics:Plakina coerulea, Plakinastrella globularis, Plakortis insularis, P. microrhabdifera, P. petrupaulensis, P. potiguarensisandP. spinalis. Thirteen species are restricted to the Tropical North-western Atlantic:Corticium diamantense, C. quadripartitum, Oscarella nathaliae, Plakina elisa, P. jamaicensis, P. tetralopha, P. versatilis, Plakortis dariae, P. edwardsi, P. myrae, P. zyggompha, Plakinastrella stinapaandTetralophophora mesoamericana. The Greater Antilles is the richest ecoregion, with 12 species reported. Only the Guianan ecoregion has no records of Homoscleromorpha. Several undescribed species ofOscarellaandPlakinaare also known from the TWA. We estimate that the biodiversity of Homoscleromorpha in the TWA is at least twice as high than currently known.

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