Anopheles (Kerteszia) lepidotus (Diptera: Culicidae), not the malaria vector we thought it was: Revised male and female morphology; larva, pupa, and male genitalia characters; and molecular verification

The name Anopheles (Kerteszia) lepidotus Zavortink, commonly used for an important malaria vector in the eastern cor-dillera of the Andes, is here corrected to An. pholidotus Zavortink. We discovered that An. (Ker.) specimens from Peru,and reared-associated specimens from Ecuador, had unambiguous habitus characters that matched those on the male ho-lotype of An. lepidotus. However, the specimens do not exhibit characters of the female allotype and female paratypes ofAn. lepidotus, which are actually An. pholidotus. Our specimens are the first correctly associated females of An. lepidotus,which allow us to provide a new morphological interpretation for the adult habitus of this species. This finding is alsocorroborated by molecular data from a portion of the Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene and ribosomal DNA Internal Tran-scribed Spacer 2 (rDNA ITS2). The pupal stage of An. lepidotus is described for the first time, and additional larval char-acters are also noted. Diagnostic morphological characters for the adult, pupal, and larval stages of An. pholidotus areprovided to separate the two species. All stages of An. lepidotus are easily separated from other currently known speciesin subgenus Kerteszia and a new key to the females of An. (Kerteszia) is given. Previously published distribution, bionomics, and medical significance data are corrected and enhanced.

Download Full-text

Are Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus malaysiensis Ehara (Acari: Tetranychidae) one species? Morphological and molecular evidences for synonymy between these two spider mite species and a note on invasiveness of T. macfarlanei on okra and eggplant in India

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.22.4.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 467

Author(s):

Mahran Zeity ◽

Nagappa Srinivas ◽

Chinnamade Channegowde Gowda

Keyword(s):

Spider Mite ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Mite Species ◽

Coi Gene ◽

High Similarity ◽

Mitochondrial Coi ◽

Mitochondrial Coi Gene ◽

High Degree ◽

Degree Of Similarity

Study of morphological characters of Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus malaysiensis Ehara revealed high similarity by comparing all the important characters in addition to the characters pointed out by Ehara to separate those two species. Molecular phylogeny of seven Indian populations of T. macfarlanei and one population of T. malaysiensis from Philippines along with few distantly related species of Tetranychus was attempted. High degree of similarity between these two species at mitochondrial COI gene (96%) as well as ITS2 (rDNA) (96–99%) region was evident. Based on both morphological features and molecular data, T. malaysiensis is proposed as a junior synonym of T. macfarlanei based on ICZN’s law of priority. Also more female characters are prompted in this study to distinctly discriminate T. macfarlanei from its most resembling species, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher. Tetranychus macfarlanei has emerged as a pest of several cultivated crop plants in India.

Download Full-text

New records of Celaenorrhinus pyrrha de Nicéville, 1889 and C. munda (Moore, 1884) from China (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae)

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.985.46835 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 985 ◽

pp. 61-70

Author(s):

Guo-Xi Xue ◽

Yutaka Inayoshi ◽

Meng Li ◽

Fu-Ming Zhang ◽

Da-Kun Lai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Sequence ◽

New Records ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Male Specimen ◽

Autonomous Region ◽

Tibet Autonomous Region ◽

First Time ◽

The Tibet Autonomous Region

Celaenorrhinus pyrrha de Nicéville, 1889, a rare species of Hesperiidae previously known to be distributed from northeastern India to Indochina, is reported from southwestern Yunnan and southwestern Chongqing, China. A 658 bp COI gene sequence of this species is published for the first time. Although Chongqing is obviously isolated from the main distribution range, morphological characters of the specimens from this locality do not indicate a subspecies differentiation. Another rare taxon, C. munda munda (Moore, 1884), is also recorded from China for the first time based upon a male specimen from Cuona County in the Tibet Autonomous Region. This is the second specimen of C. munda from China, over 100 years after the holotype of C. munda joka Evans, 1949. The genitalia of both species are illustrated and described. Some taxonomic notes and a distribution map are provided as well.

Download Full-text

Amanita subjunquillea and its ectomycorrhizal association, reported as new for Pakistan

Mycotaxon ◽

10.5248/134.413 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (3) ◽

pp. 413-423

Author(s):

Muhammad Ishaq ◽

Arooj Naseer ◽

Munazza Kiran ◽

Muhammad Fiaz ◽

Abdul Nasir Khalid

Keyword(s):

Its Region ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Sequence Analyses ◽

Dark Orange ◽

Ectomycorrhizal Roots ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Quercus Floribunda ◽

First Time ◽

Ectomycorrhizal Association

Amanita subjunquillea and its ectomycorrhizal association are reported for the first time from moist temperate Himalayan forests of Pakistan. The sample was studied based on morphological characters and nucleotide sequence analyses of the ITS region generated from basidiomata and ectomycorrhizal roots of Quercus floribunda. Our collection differs from the type in its dark orange pileus disc and pale yellow margins. Remaining morphological and molecular data are consistent with previously reported specimens. This represents the first report of A. subjunquillea from Pakistan.

Download Full-text

Larval development of the shrimp Hippolyte sapphica d’Udekem d’Acoz, 1993 forma A and B (Decapoda: Caridea: Hippolytidae) reared in the laboratory, confirmation of the conspecific status of the two forms

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2579.1.3 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2579 (1) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ALEXANDROS NTAKIS ◽

CHRYSSA ANASTASIADOU ◽

ROMAN LIASKO ◽

IOANNIS D. LEONARDOS

Keyword(s):

Related Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Laboratory Confirmation ◽

Bibliographic Data ◽

Immature Form ◽

Complete Series ◽

First Time

The complete series of larval staging of Hippolyte sapphica d’Udekem d’Acoz, 1993 forma A and B from Louros estuary was studied in the laboratory and described in detail for the first time. The reared larvae of H. sapphica passed through six zoeal stages and one megalopal stage. The larval monitoring completed when the individuals could be assigned clearly to form A and B via rostra formation. Under the experimental conditions, the average durations of the larval stages were as follows: three days for 1 st and 2 nd stages, three to four days for 3 rd , 4 th , 5 th and 6 th stages, four days for the megalopal stage and 19 to 30 days for immature form A and B individuals. Comparison of the larval morphological characters among the described material and the bibliographic data of closely related species was made and discussed. The offspring of females of the forma A includes forma A and B and the same can be said of the offspring of the forma B. This confirms that the formae A and B are indeed conspecific.

Download Full-text

Male identification, generic classification and sexual dimorphism of Micronychus pardus (Kazantsev, 2018) comb. nov. (Coleoptera: Lycidae: Calochrominae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4657.1.9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4657 (1) ◽

pp. 177-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MICHAL MOTYKA

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Species Identification ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Large Specimen ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Almost All ◽

First Time

Almost all net-winged beetles are members of Müllerian complexes and their similarity due to phenotypic coevolution sometimes complicates species identification and generic placement. Therefore, large specimen series, detailed exhaustive examination of morphological characters and molecular data are needed to clarify the taxonomic placement. Using mitochondrial DNA sequences, I investigated the sexual dimorphism and generic placement of the recently described species Calochromus pardus Kazantsev, 2018. I found that the species does not belong in Calochromus Guérin-Méneville, 1833 and all morphological characters and molecular analyses point to its placement in Micronychus Motschulsky, 1861. Therefore, Micronychus pardus (Kazantsev, 2018), comb. nov. is proposed. Additionally, the male is described here for the first time showing the sexual dimorphism in the species. Unlike the females, the males do not superficially resemble members of Xylobanus Waterhouse, 1879 with bright coloured elytral costae and black background, but mimics the sympatrically occurring yellow and black lycids in the genus Cautires Waterhouse, 1879.

Download Full-text

Cytogenetic and sequence comparison of adultPhyllodistomum(Digenea: Gorgoderidae) from the three-spined stickleback with larvae from two bivalves

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182004006109 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 129 (6) ◽

pp. 771-778 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

R. PETKEVIČIŪTĖ ◽

V. STUNŽĖNAS ◽

G. STANEVIČIŪTĖ

Keyword(s):

Developmental Stages ◽

Its Region ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Chromosome Morphology ◽

Published Data ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Rdna Sequencing ◽

High Level

Due to the low informative value of available morphological characters, cytogenetic and molecular methods, based on rDNA sequencing, were used to characterize adult and larval stages ofPhyllodistomumspp. Species studied have 18 chromosomes with comparable absolute and relative lengths. Conventional Giemsa staining and karyometric analysis revealed clear differences in chromosome morphology of larvalPhyllodistomumspp. infecting two bivalve host species,Sphaerium corneumandPisidium amnicum. However, karyotypes of adultP. foliumfrom three-spined sticklebacks and larval stages fromS. corneumappear almost identical both with respect to the relative lengths and centromeric indices of the corresponding chromosome pairs. The entire internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (ITS-1, 5.8S and ITS-2) and the D1-D3 region of 28S gene were sequenced and compared. Again, sufficient differences were observed between larvalPhyllodistomumspp., while adultP. foliumand larvae fromS. corneumshowed a high level of similarity. So, both cytogenetic and molecular data support the suggestion that they represent developmental stages of the same species. The results were compared with published data obtained by cytogenetic and molecular studies on the otherPhyllodistomumspecies. Differences revealed in karyotype and rDNA sequences leads to the conclusion that the cercariaeum ofP. foliumsensu Sinitsin, 1905 could not be regarded as the larva of adultP. foliumfrom three-spined stickleback.

Download Full-text

A preliminary molecular assessment of the taxonomic validity of Hexagenia orlando Traver, 1931 (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae)

Genetics & Applications ◽

10.31383/ga.vol4iss2pp43-49 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Alexander Benjamin Orfinger

Keyword(s):

Classification Scheme ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Valid Species ◽

Species Status ◽

Current Classification ◽

Taxonomic Uncertainty ◽

Molecular Assessment ◽

Hexagenia Limbata ◽

First Time

In an effort to evaluate the taxonomic uncertainty of the species status of Hexagenia orlando Traver, 1931 (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae), molecular data were used for the first time to test its current classification. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) haplotypes were evaluated using three types of analyses in the form of distance-based, tree-based, and model-based delimitation methods. All analyses consistently recovered H. orlando as a valid species. These preliminary results lend evidence reinforcing the current classification scheme and encourage renewed scrutiny of adults and nymphs to hopefully identify additional morphological characters that may serve to separate H. orlando and its congener Hexagenia limbata (Serville, 1829).

Download Full-text

Cave shrimps Troglocaris s. str. (Dormitzer, 1853), taxonomic revision and description of new taxa after phylogenetic and morphometric studies

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3421.1.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3421 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

JURE JUGOVIC ◽

BRANKO JALŽIĆ ◽

SIMONA PREVORČNIK ◽

BORIS SKET

Keyword(s):

Type Species ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Distribution Area ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Morphometric Analyses ◽

Morphological Distinction

Within the Dinaric genus Troglocaris cave shrimps from the subgenus Troglocaris s. str. (Dormitzer, 1853) (Crustacea:Decapoda: Atyidae), have the widest distribution area. The recent molecular analyses have revealed significant, crypticdiversity in the subgenus. The aim of the subsequent detailed morphometric analyses was the provision of the appropriatediagnosable characters for the discovered lineages, i.e. taking care of their taxonomical visibility. We herein designate aneotype and provide a detailed description for the polytipic type species of the genus T. (T.) anophthalmus (Kollar, 1848), toenable its morphological distinction from the erroneously described T. (T.) planinensis Birštejn, 1948. Considering acombination of morphological, geographical and molecular data, we describe four new subspecies: T. (T.) a. ocellata ssp. nov.,T. (T.) a. periadriatica ssp. nov., T. (T.) a. legovici ssp. nov. and T. (T.) a. sontica ssp. nov., apart from the extant T. (T.) a.intermedia Babić, 1922. Due to a considerable morphological variability and no easily observable diagnostic morphological characters, the GenBank accession numbers for the COI gene are added in all mentioned taxa.

Download Full-text

Morphological descriptions of the larval and first juvenile stages of the decorator crab Camposcia retusa (Latreille, 1829) from laboratory-reared material

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4577.2.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4577 (2) ◽

pp. 295

Author(s):

TIAN XU ◽

CHAOSHU ZENG ◽

KATE S. HUTSON

Keyword(s):

Coral Reefs ◽

Larval Development ◽

Red Sea ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Juvenile Stages ◽

Decorator Crab ◽

Newly Hatched Larvae ◽

First Time

The complete larval and first crab stages of the decorator crab Camposcia retusa (Latreille, 1829) are described and illustrated based on laboratory-reared material for the first time. Specimens were obtained from larvae hatched from adult crabs collected from coral reefs of Queensland, Australia. Newly hatched larvae were successfully reared to settlement as the first-stage crabs. Larval development consisted of two zoeal stages and one megalopal stage. The morphology of each larval stage was compared with those available from a previous study using material from the Red Sea. Due to substantial differences in morphology of the second zoeal and megalopal stages between the two studies, we argue that these larval stages described by the earlier report may not be that of C. retusa. Finally, the morphological characters of both larval and first crab stages of C. retusa are also compared with the corresponding stages of previously reported Inachidae.

Download Full-text

Biology and morphology of immature stages of Meteorus trachynotus Vier. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z90-144 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 68 (5) ◽

pp. 1000-1004 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. C. Thireau ◽

J. Régnière ◽

C. Cloutier

Keyword(s):

Average Duration ◽

Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽

Pupal Stage ◽

Instar Larva ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Head Region ◽

Larval Stages ◽

First Instar ◽

Immature Development ◽

First Time

The immature stages of Meteorus trachynotus Vier., developing in larvae of Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), are described. The egg of M. trachynotus is of the stalked type. There are three larval stages. The first instar has a caudal appendage which stops growing in the second instar and is lost when the larva exits from the host in the third instar. Only the first and third instars have sclerotized structures. The head region of the first instar bears a pair of hooklike appendages which are described for the first time. Cephalic sclerites of the last instar larva of other species of Meteorus are compared with those of M. trachynotus. The average duration of immature development at 23 °C was 18 days, the egg stage lasted 3 days, the first, second, and third instars lasted 5, 2.5, and 2.5 days, respectively, and the pupal stage lasted 5 days.

Download Full-text