A revision of Holothuria (Halodeima) kefersteinii (Selenka, 1867) and the revival of Holothuria inornata Semper, 1868 from sea cucumbers collected in Mexico and Central America

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4377 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAGALI HONEY-ESCANDÓN ◽  
FRANCISCO A. SOLÍS-MARÍN
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
Different Color

In 1958 Deichmann synonymized Holothuria inornata Semper, 1868 with Holothuria kefersteinii (Selenka, 1867). This nomenclature has been adopted until now. However, some specimens recently collected from the Mexican Pacific matched the original description of H. inornata Semper (1868) whereas others matched the original description by Selenka (1867). A morphological, molecular and ecological study of the specimens was conducted to confirm the identification of these specimens. The morphological characters of our specimens were compared with those contained in the original descriptions and figures of the types of both species. Besides the different color pattern of live specimens of both species, the main differences found are the presence of straight distally perforated rods in the dorsal papillae, and the presence of Holothuriophilus trapeziformis Nauck, 1880 in the cloaca of H. inornata, versus the absence of these kind of rods in the dorsal papillae, and the absence of symbionts in the cloaca in H. kefersteinii. The species identified by Deichmann (1958) as H. kefersteinii is, in fact H. inornata. Both species might have been confused because the morphology of preserved specimens is very similar and the presence of the straight rods in papillae might have been overlooked during identification. A more thorough review of the ossicles from the specimens, together with the comparison of ossicles from the type specimens, has allowed the resurrection of long-forgotten species, H. inornata 

New morphological information on Simulium cerradense adults and new records of black fly species (Diptera: Simuliidae) in the western region of Bahia state, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 693 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
NEUSA HAMADA ◽  
SÉRGIO L.B. LUZ ◽  
SIXTO COSCARÓN
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Black Fly ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Different Color

S. cerradense Coscar n, Cerqueira, Sato & La Salvia (1992) was described based on pharate females and males, and pupae and larvae. Reared adults from the type locality region have different color patterns than those in the original description. The objectives of the present study are to redescribe the scutal color pattern of S. cerradense adults and to provide a list of black fly species collected in streams in the western region of Bahia state, where this fauna is poorly known.

Shell-bearing mollusks of the order Cephalaspidea (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) of the Kara Sea: fauna and ecology

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-216
Author(s):  
E.M. Chaban
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Devon Island ◽  
As Species ◽  
Average Biomass ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The survey of shell-bearing heterobranchs of the order Cephalaspidea of the Kara Sea has been done based on unpublished and literature data. The studied material includes that collected during expeditions aboard R/V Professor Multanovskiy in August–September 2019 and R/V Dalnie Zelentsy in August 2012. Additionally, the material of collections of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Saint Petersburg) has been studied. The fauna of heterobranch molluscs of the order Cephalaspidea in the Kara Sea includes 18 described and 1 undescribed species that belong to 10 genera and 6 families. It has been specified that the type locality of Retusa semen Reeve, 1855 (Port Refuge) is located at Port Refuge National Historic Site of Canada, Devon Island, Nunavut, not in the Kara Sea. Retusa semen is considered here as species inquirenda because of the brief original description, significant differences in drawings of the shell of this species made by different authors, and the absence of type specimens. The presence of Diaphana minuta Brown, 1827, Laona quadrata (Wood, 1839), Philine sinuata Stimpson, 1851 and Retusa semen in the Kara Sea needs confirmation. Species numbers of heterobranch molluscs of the order Cephalaspidea decrease from the Barents Sea (21) through the Kara Sea (19) to the Laptev Sea (15) because of the decreasing proportion of boreal-arctic species. Among cephalaspids of the Kara Sea, the highest average abundance (individuals/m2) was observed for Cylichnoides densistriatus (Leche, 1878), and the highest average biomass for Cylichna corticata (Møller, 1842). The proportion of live individuals in the populations does not exceed 18% in late August – early September. The taxonomic structure of the cephalaspid fauna of the Kara Sea has been studied based exclusively on morphological characters. Further study of the fauna is needed based on molecular analyses of the material fixed in 96˚ alcohol.

First record of the genus Aristelliger (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae) in Cuba, with the description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2028 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS M. DÍAZ ◽  
S. BLAIR HEDGES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
The West ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The genus Aristelliger comprises seven species of which six inhabit the West Indies, and one occurs in Central America and satellite islands. For the first time, the genus is reported from Cuba, and a new species (Aristelliger reyesi sp. n.) is described from that island. The new taxon has affinities with the smaller species of the genus (subgenus Aristelligella): A. expectatus, A. cochranae, and A. barbouri. It differs from them in color pattern and other morphological characters.

Back in time to unlock the future: tracing the type-specimens of Corallus hortulana (Linnaeus, 1758) (Serpentes: Boidae), with designation of a lectotype for the Amazon tree boa

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4941 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-270
Author(s):  
RODRIGO CASTELLARI GONZALEZ ◽  
THAÍS B. GUEDES ◽  
PAULO PASSOS
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Large Array ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Future Possibility ◽  
The Future ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Pattern Variability

Corallus hortulana presents a large array of tones and color pattern variability throughout its distribution (= polychromatism), which trigged the description of several taxa now considered to be primary synonyms. Linnaeus described two of these (Boa enydris and Boa hortulana) on the same page of the 10th Edition of the Systema Naturae. However, both names had been widely used in literature almost in an optional way, until their formal synonymization more than two centuries after the original description. Additionally, the type specimen of Boa hortulana was reported as missing since the late 19th century. These two factors may have enabled the unjustified switched association of types, which was perpetuated in the literature to the present day. Our main goals here were to trace the correct type specimens for each species through a literature review and specimen examination, and to amend the switched association of type material. We found two specimens in the collection of the Uppsala University that are unmistakably associated with Boa hortulana. Herein we designate one of them as its lectotype in order to promote nomenclatural stability considering its huge phenotypic variability and the future possibility of eventually splitting the species. 

scholarly journals Notes on the sinistral helicoid snail Bertia cambojiensis (Reeve, 1860) from Vietnam (Eupulmonata, Dyakiidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 885 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chirasak Sutcharit ◽  
Fred Naggs ◽  
Jonathan Ablett ◽  
Pham Van Sang ◽  
Luong Van Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Precise Locality

Since the time of the original description there have been no precise locality records in Cambodia of Bertia cambojiensis (Reeve, 1860) and it was believed to be extinct. In 2012, a joint Natural History Museum survey with Vietnamese colleagues rediscovered living populations of this huge sinistral helicoid snail in a protected area of southern Vietnam. The genitalia and radula morphology are re-assessed and type specimens of all recognised congeners are figured herein. The unique morphological characters of this species are a small and simple penis, well-developed amatorial organ complex that incorporates four amatorial organ ducts, a short gametolytic organ complex and spiked papilla, and radula morphology with unicuspid teeth. The type locality of B. cambojiensis, which has been contentious, is determined here to be in the vicinity of ‘Brelum’, Vietnam, near the border with Cambodia. In addition, the nucleotide sequences of barcoding genes COI, 16SrRNA and 28S fragments were provided for further comparison.

The types of Chalcid wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), described by scientists of Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of sciences of Ukraine after 2012

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
M. D. Zerova ◽  
S. A. Simutnik ◽  
V. N. Fursov ◽  
S. I. Klymenko ◽  
I. T. Stetsenko
Keyword(s):  
Original Description ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The list of type specimens of chalcid wasps of four families (Eurytomidae, Torymidae, Ormyridae, Encyrtidae) described by experts of Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences after 2012 is given. Data of original labels and reference to original description are given for each taxon. The catalogue includes types of 41 nominal taxa: Eurytomidae (15): Nikanoria deserta Zer., N. halimodendrae Zer., N. kazakhstanica Zer., N. leleji Zer., N. mongolica punctata Zer., N. orski Zer., N. pygmaea Zer., N. sugonjaevi Zer., Parabuchophagus rasnitsyni Zer., Eurytoma gleditsiae Zer. et Furs., E. koreana Zer. et Furs., E. trjapitzini Zer. et Klym., Torymidae (5): Idiomacromerus artusis Zer., I. persimilis Zer., Adontomerus centaurei Zer., A. trjapitzini Zer., Torymus leleji Zer. et Furs., Ormyridae (8): Ormyrus askanicus Zer., O. kasparyani Zer., O. nitens Zer., O. novus Zer., O. punctellus Zer., O. qurrayahi Zer., O. spadiceus Zer., O. sugonjaevi Zer., Encyrtidae (13): Rovnosoma gracile Simut., Eocencnemus sugonjaevi Simut., E. vichrenkoi Simut., Eocencyrtus zerovae Simut., Microterys ashkhabadensis mediterraneus Simut., M. hermonicus Simut., M. nevoi Simut., M. pavliceki Simut., M. vichrenkoi Simut., M. wasseri Simut., Encyrtus sugonjaevi Simut., Echthroplexiella talitzkyi Trjapitzin, Copidosoma trjapitzini Simut. The majority of type specimens are deposited in the collection of Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology (Kyiv, Ukraine). The depositories of all other type specimens are indicated.

Ramalina sekika (Ramalinaceae), a new species for the lichen flora of Russia from the Far East

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 256-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Kataeva
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
The Far East ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Independent Species ◽  
Lichen Flora

Ramalina sekika Asahina is reported for the first time from Russia from Sakhalin. It refers to the number of rare and poorly investigated species of the genus. Until now it was considered to be endemic to northeastern China. The original description and the location in the Far East are given, as well as the data on anatomical and morphological study of the Russian specimen. The differences in the anatomical structure of its thallus are discussed. A comparison of anatomical and morphological characters of R. sekika, R. pollinaria (Westr.) Ach. (European material), R. yasudae Räsänen has been made; the author considers them as independent species.

scholarly journals A non-destructive virtual dissection by micro-CT reveals diagnostic characters in the type specimen of Caloptilia stigmatella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4441 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
JEANNE ROBINSON ◽  
JEREMY GIBSON ◽  
HELBER ADRIÁN ARÉVALO-MALDONADO ◽  
JURATE DE PRINS ◽  
JAMES WINDMILL
Keyword(s):  
Type Specimen ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Primary Type ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Non Destructive

Nearly a century ago, wing venation was introduced in gracillariid taxonomy as a means to diagnose closely related genera and species groups. Recent advances in non-destructive virtual micro-dissections suggest promising approaches with which to revisit the relevance of wing venation characters on historic primary type specimens. Many unique type specimens in Gracillariidae and other microlepidoptera groups preserved in museum collections are in poor condition, and over the course of history have suffered loss or damage to their abdomens. Consequently, genitalia morphology is not available for diagnoses and comparisons. In this paper we emphasize the need to include the type species and type specimens into the broader context of taxonomic studies on micro-moths in general and the family Gracillariidae in particular. The genus Caloptilia has a world-wide distribution and has been the subject of research for more than 200 years, yet the generic boundaries and groupings within the genus are still unresolved due to the lack of a reliable set of taxonomic characters obtained from the primary types. We describe a method of virtual descaling of the fore- and hindwings using the unset micro-moth type specimen of Caloptilia stigmatella Fabricius, 1781, in order to demonstrate that the study of historic and fragile type specimens and diagnoses of their internal morphological characters becomes possible by applying new and non-destructive technology. 

scholarly journals Description of two new species of Avicularia Lamarck 1818 and redescription of Avicularia diversipes (C. L. Koch 1842) (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae)—three possibly threatened Brazilian species

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2223 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROGÉRIO BERTANI ◽  
CAROLINE SAYURI FUKUSHIMA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Southern State ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Specimen Identification ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest

Avicularia diversipes (C. L. Koch 1842) known previously only from its original description is redescribed along with Avicularia sooretama sp. nov. and Avicularia gamba sp. nov. The three species are endemic to Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. With other Avicularia species, they share a procurved anterior eye row, slender embolus and medially folded spermathecae, whereas they have unusual characters, such as a very long and spiraled embolus (A. diversipes) and spermathecae with multilobular apex (A. sooretama sp. nov.). Furthermore, the three species lack a tibial apophysis in males and share a distinctive color pattern ontogeny that is not known in any other Avicularia species. The conservation status of the three species is discussed, especially with respect to endemism, illegal trafficking and habitat destruction. The creation of protected areas in southern State of Bahia, Brazil, is recommended, as well as the inclusion of these species in IUCN and CITES lists. Appendices with figures and species information are presented to facilitate correct specimen identification by custom officers, in order to limit illegal traffic.

scholarly journals Taxonomic review of Colombian Parodon (Characiformes: Parodontidae), with descriptions of three new species

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Londoño-Burbano ◽  
César Román-Valencia ◽  
Donald C. Taphorn
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
River Drainage ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Maracaibo Basin ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Magdalena River

We review species of Parodon Valenciennes, 1850 from the Magdalena, Cauca, Orinoco, Amazonas, Atrato and Caribbean-Guajira River basins of Colombia using meristic and morphological characters. We recognize eight valid species, five previously described: P. apolinari Myers, from the Orinoco River basin; P. buckleyi Boulenger and P. pongoensis (Allen) from the upper Amazon; P. caliensis Boulenger, from the upper Cauca River drainage; and P. suborbitalis Valenciennes, from Lake Maracaibo basin. Three new species are described: P. alfonsoi, from the lower Magdalena River drainage; P. magdalenensis, from the middle Magdalena and upper Cauca River drainages; and P. atratoensis, from the Atrato River basin. We redescribe Parodon suborbitalis using type specimens and topotypes, and designate lectotypes. A taxonomic key is included for identification of the species, as well as geographic distribution maps.

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