scholarly journals Cyrtosathe gen. n.: the first non-scenopinine window fly from sub-Saharan Africa (Diptera: Scenopinidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 975 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAUN L. WINTERTON ◽  
MARK A. METZ
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
First Record ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Intermediate Form ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Subsaharan Africa ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Sub Saharan

An unusual new genus of Scenopinidae is described and figured from Namibia. Cyrtosathe kirkspriggsi gen. et sp. nov., represents the first record of a non-scenopinine window fly from subSaharan Africa. This monotypic genus does not fit well into the current classification of Scenopinidae and is likely an intermediate form between the subfamilies Proratinae and Scenopininae. The phylogenetic position of Cyrtosathe kirkspriggsi gen. et sp. nov. is discussed with respect to previous studies on Scenopinidae relationships and classification.

scholarly journals Congolius, a new genus of African reed frog endemic to the central Congo: A potential case of convergent evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeáš Nečas ◽  
Gabriel Badjedjea ◽  
Michal Vopálenský ◽  
Václav Gvoždík
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Potential Case ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe reed frog genus Hyperolius (Afrobatrachia, Hyperoliidae) is a speciose genus containing over 140 species of mostly small to medium-sized frogs distributed in sub-Saharan Africa. Its high level of colour polymorphism, together with in anurans relatively rare sexual dichromatism, make systematic studies more difficult. As a result, the knowledge of the diversity and taxonomy of this genus is still limited. Hyperolius robustus known only from a handful of localities in rain forests of the central Congo Basin is one of the least known species. Here, we have used molecular methods for the first time to study the phylogenetic position of this taxon, accompanied by an analysis of phenotype based on external (morphometric) and internal (osteological) morphological characters. Our phylogenetic results undoubtedly placed H. robustus out of Hyperolius into a common clade with sympatric Cryptothylax and West African Morerella. To prevent the uncovered paraphyly, we place H. robustus into a new genus, Congolius. The review of all available data suggests that the new genus is endemic to the central Congolian lowland rain forests. The analysis of phenotype underlined morphological similarity of the new genus to some Hyperolius species. This uniformity of body shape (including cranial shape) indicates that the two genera have either retained ancestral morphology or evolved through convergent evolution under similar ecological pressures in the African rain forests.

scholarly journals Three arenaviruses in three subspecific natal multimammate mouse taxa in Tanzania: same host specificity, but different spatial genetic structure?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura N Cuypers ◽  
Stuart J E Baird ◽  
Alexandra Hánová ◽  
Tatjana Locus ◽  
Abdul S Katakweba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
First Record ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Lassa Virus ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Morogoro Virus ◽  
Test Specificity ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Mastomys natalensis is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and hosts several arenavirus species, including the pathogenic zoonotic Lassa virus in West Africa. Mitochondrial lineages sub-divide the range of M. natalensis and have been associated with cryptic structure within the species. To test specificity of arenaviruses to hosts carrying these lineages, we screened 1772 M. natalensis in a large area of Tanzania where three mitochondrial lineages meet. We detected fifty-two individuals that were positive for one of three arenaviruses: Gairo, Morogoro, and Luna virus. This is the first record of Luna virus in Tanzania. We confirmed the specificity of each arenavirus to a distinct host mitochondrial lineage except for three cases in one locality at the centre of a host hybrid zone. No arenaviruses were detected in a large part of the study area. Morogoro and Gairo virus showed differences in prevalence (Morogoro virus lower than Gairo virus) and in genetic structure (Morogoro virus more structured than Gairo virus). However, both viruses have genetic neighbourhood size estimates of the same order of magnitude as Lassa virus. While differences in arenavirus and/or host evolutionary and ecological dynamics may exist, Tanzanian arenaviruses could be suited to model Lassa virus dynamics in M. natalensis.

scholarly journals Puelchesia gracilis, a new genus and species of Pachydemini endemic to the Monte biogeographic province in Argentina (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1349 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
FEDERICO C. OCAMPO ◽  
ANDREW B.T. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Scarab Beetle ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Biogeographic Province ◽  
Central Argentina ◽  
West Central ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
History Of

A new scarab beetle genus and species, Puelchesia gracilis, is described based on specimens collected in the Monte biogeographic province of west central Argentina. This genus is placed in the tribe Pachydemini based on an evaluation of the characters within the context of the current classification of the subfamily Melolonthinae. The distribution and natural history of the taxon is also discussed.

Towards a monophyletic classification of Lejeuneaceae I: subtribe Leptolejeuneinae subtr. nov.

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOCHEN HEINRICHS ◽  
ALFONS SCHÄFER-VERWIMP ◽  
ALEKSANDRA CZUMAY ◽  
SHANSHAN DONG ◽  
ARMIN SCHEBEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Likelihood Methods ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Methods

We employed sequences of two chloroplast regions (trnL-trnF, rbcL) and the nuclear ribosomal ITS region of seven accessions of Leptolejeunea to explore its phylogenetic position. Maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses led to similar topologies but deeper nodes received good bootstrap support only with maximum likelihood methods. Leptolejeunea formed an early diverging, robust monophyletic lineage within Lejeuneaceae tribe Lejeuneeae. Contrary to earlier belief, it is not closely related to Drepanolejeunea. To amend the current classification of Lejeuneeae into subtribes, we propose Leptolejeuneinae, subtr. nov.

scholarly journals Crowdsourcing-Based Geoinformation, Disadvantaged Urbanisation Challenges, Subsaharan Africa: Theoretical Perspectives and Notes

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ingwe
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Economic Region ◽  
Fast Tracking ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Subsaharan Africa ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Scholars and practitioners concerned with geoinformation, cyber-cartography, development studies, and other subjects increasingly explore crowdsourcing and its huge advantages for development. Some have advocated it for adoption/promotion by government as a means of citizen engagement. The objective of this article is to increase the appreciation of the contribution that crowdsourcing can make towards resolving challenges associated with disadvantaged urbanisation in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We review urban challenges of SSA and three practices of crowdsourcing: volunteered geographic information (VGI), Citizen Science (CS), and Participatory Mapping (PM). Then we examine problems associated with the advocacy for government adoption of those practices in SSA. We argue that civil society collaboration with an international governmental organisation (IGO) instead of government promises a better way of adopting and promoting them. This suggestion is based on the fact that work related to this strategy is carried out by a global coalition of civil society, the UN-NGLS. This strategy promises a more rapid way of taking advantage of fast-tracking public engagement in the economic region, SSA.

scholarly journals Epidemiological characteristics of deaths related to surgical emergencies in Sub-Saharan Africa: case of Parakou, Benin

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Alexandre S. Allode ◽  
Adrien M. Hodonou ◽  
Bio Tamou-Sambo ◽  
Morel D. Seto
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Clinical Classification ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Admission Time ◽  
Generalized Peritonitis ◽  
Surgical Emergencies ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Background: Emergency and resuscitation departments, often on the front lines of the hospital care system, are sadly the site of many deaths. Author aim to study the epidemiological characteristics of deaths related to surgical emergencies at Parakou Teaching Hospital in Benin.Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive study covering 6 months from January 1st to June 31st 2016. It focused on patients admitted to the emergency department and hospitalized in general surgery or resuscitation department during the study period. Three criteria were defined: admission for a surgical emergency, clinical classification of emergency patients (known as CCMU: Classification Clinique des Malades aux Urgences) between 1 and 5 and evolution marked by death.Results: A total of 54 deaths were recorded out of 379 surgical emergencies (14.2%). The sex-ratio was 2.2. The average age was 31±18.8 years old. The average admission time was 75.7±95.2 hours. The CCMU 4 and 5 were the most numerous (77. 7%). Traumatic emergencies were the most likely cause of death (56.6%), with cranio-encephalic trauma being the leading cause (38.9%). for non-traumatic emergencies (44.4%), acute generalized peritonitis is the leading cause of death (18.5%). The average time to surgical management was 87.4 hours, mainly related to the indigence of patients.Conclusions: The reduction of deaths related to surgical emergencies requires the adapted equipment of the different services involved in the care, the continuous training of staff and the creation of a health insurance.

scholarly journals Expropriations of Foreign Property and Political Alliances: A Business Historical Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
MARCELO BUCHELI ◽  
STEPHANIE DECKER
Keyword(s):  
Science Studies ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Organized Labor ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Alliances ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Government ◽  
Ruling Party

This paper proposes a classification of government expropriations of foreign property based on the types of alliances sought out by governments in their quest for support for those actions. Based on a review of historical literature and social science studies of expropriations in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America in the twentieth century, we define three types of alliances: with organized labor, with domestic business owners, or with sections of the civil service or the ruling party. We posit that each sector allying itself with the government expects rewards from the expropriation. We maintain that the type of alliance is determined by several factors, in particular, the longevity and legitimacy of the nation-state of the expropriating country, the strength of organized labor, and the political participation and strength of the domestic business sector. Our framework complements existing studies explaining when and why expropriations take place.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document