scholarly journals Evaluation of Wheat Genotypes for a Single Stem Rust Race TTTTF in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Lidiya Tilahun Hadis ◽  
Tamirat Negash Gure ◽  
Daniel Kassa Habtemariam ◽  
Getnet Muche Abebile ◽  
Fikrte Yirga Belayineh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Evaluation of advanced bread wheat genotypes for resistance to stem rust and yield stability

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wairimu Gitonga Hellen ◽  
P Okwiri Ojwang Pascal ◽  
Kamau Macharia Godwin ◽  
Njoroge Njau Peter
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Genetic diversity, antifungal evaluation and molecular docking studies of Cu-chitosan nanoparticles as prospective stem rust inhibitor candidates among some Egyptian wheat genotypes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0257959
Author(s):  
Hanaa S. Omar ◽  
Abdullah Al Mutery ◽  
Neama H. Osman ◽  
Nour El-Houda A. Reyad ◽  
Mohamed A. Abou-Zeid
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Main Cluster

Wheat has a remarkable importance among cereals worldwide. Wheat stem and leaf rust constitute the main threats that destructively influence grain quality and yield production. Pursuing resistant cultivars and developing new genotypes including resistance genes is believed to be the most effective tool to overcome these challenges. This study is the first to use molecular markers to evaluate the genetic diversity of eighteen Egyptian wheat genotypes. Moreover, the molecular docking analysis was also used to assess the Cu-chitosan nanoparticle (CuChNp) treatment and its mode of action in disease control management. The tested genotypes were categorized into two main cluster groups depending on the similarity matrix, i.e the most resistant and susceptible genotypes to stem and leaf rust races. The results of SCoT primers revealed 140 polymorphic and 5 monomorphic bands with 97% polymorphism. While 121 polymorphic and 74 monomorphic bands were scored for SRAP primers (99% polymorphism). The genotypes Sakha 94, Sakha 95, Beni Sweif 4, Beni Sweif 7, Sohag 4 and Sohag 5 were resistant, while Giza 160 was highly susceptible to all stem rust races at the seedling stage. However, in the adult stage, the 18 genotypes were evaluated for stem and leaf rust-resistant in two different locations, i.e. Giza and Sids. In this investigation, for the first time, the activity of CuChNp was studied and shown to have the potential to inhibit stem and leaf rust in studied Egyptian wheat genotypes. The Spraying Cu-chitosan nanoparticles showed that the incubation and latent periods were increased in treated plants of the tested genotypes. Molecular modeling revealed their activity against the stem and leaf rust development. The SRAP and SCoT markers were highly useful tools for the classification of the tested wheat genotypes, although they displayed high similarities at the morphological stage. However, Cu-chitosan nanoparticles have a critical and effective role in stem and leaf rust disease control.

scholarly journals Association mapping of Iranian wheat genotypes to detect QTLs conferring resistance to stem rust at seedling stage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Saremirad ◽  
Mohammad Bihamta ◽  
Ali Malihipour ◽  
Khodadad Mostafavi ◽  
Hadi Alipour
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

Abstract Background Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) is an important disease of wheat in the world. Pgt pathogen is constantly evolving and creating more virulent races that break down stem rust (Sr) resistance genes. As a result, many of Sr genes have become ineffective against new Pgt races. Exploring new sources of resistance to detect new Sr genes/QTLs is very important in order to introducing them into wheat breeding programs and developing resistant wheat cultivars. The objective of the present study was to evaluate 297 Iranian wheat genotypes for resistance to stem rust at seedling stage and to detect Sr resistance genes/QTLs through association mapping (AM). Results A set of 297 Iran bread wheat cultivars and landraces were evaluated for infection type and latent period in four race of Pgt. Genotypic data of 282 genotypes were available, so AM was performed based on 282 genotypes. The results of population structure analysis showed that 277 genotypes clearly were distinguished in the three subpopulations and the other five genotypes were classified in the mixed group. The mean linkage disequilibrium decreased with increasing genetic distance. The markers did not have a uniform distribution on the genomes, so the share of each of the A, B and D genomes in commercial cultivars and landraces was approximately 37, 46 and 17%, respectively. Collectively, 69 QTLs for infection type and 62 QTLs for latent period of studied Pgt races were identified in the original dataset (P ≤ 0.001). In the imputed SNPs dataset, the number of QTLs for infection type increased to 504 QTL and for latent period increased to 454 QTLs (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the Iranian wheat genotypes are valuable source resistance to stem rust. By incorporating these genotypes into wheat breeding programs and optimizing effective resistance genes, an important step can be taken to prevent the threat of and the disease to ensure food security. This study provides additional useful information for selection of resistant genotypes against the disease by improving marker-assisted selection efficiency.

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