Abstract. This paper examines the new study of hand
orientation as a substitute for computer-mouse movement and is evaluated
based on ISO/TS 9241 part 411: Ergonomics of human–system
interaction-evaluation methods for the design of physical input devices. Two
pairs of hand-orientation candidates were evaluated, using, for example,
pitch–roll and pitch–yaw to substitute for up–down and left–right
mouse-cursor movements. The up–down cursor movement was generated from the
pitch orientation, while the left–right cursor movement was generated from
the roll or yaw orientation, depending on the evaluation of the proposed
gesture. The research employed a standard computer mouse as a baseline
comparison for the study. The empirical study was conducted to evaluate
quantitative performance such as throughput and movement time. The best
impression resulted when the throughput had the greatest value as well as the
shortest movement time. The performance test was based on Fitts's law using a
multi-directional tapping test as suggested by ISO/TS 9241-411. The test was
divided into several levels of difficulty, including high, medium, low, and
very low. The other assessment is qualitative and was performed using the
comfort-rating scale questionnaire and rating of perceived exertion of
comfortability and fatigue. The quantitative results show that pitch–yaw
throughput is slightly higher than for the pitch–roll gesture, and that the
movement time in pitch–yaw is slightly less than in pitch–roll, although
there is no statistically significant difference between the two. We also
found that pitch–yaw movements have a higher level of comfort based on the
comfort-rating scale test. Since the test was divided into levels of
difficulty, we identified those gestures suitable for the task with a low and
very low level of difficulty based on throughput, movement time, and
error-rate results. Finally, this study suggests that pitch–roll and
pitch–yaw movements of the hand can be used as substitutes for the mouse,
and that pitch–yaw movements are superior in regard to causing less fatigue
than pitch–roll movements. Furthermore, this study provides a new suggestion
for a suitable level of difficulty when using an inertial sensor as an
emulator for the movement of a mouse cursor in the field of human–computer
interaction.
Building a Sport Eyewear Human Comfort Rating Scale
